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List of French flags

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This article is about flags of France in active use. For the historical flags used in the French colonial empire, seeFrench colonial flags.
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List of French flags
Le Tricolore, thenational flag of France

This list includes flags that either have been in use or are currently used byFrance,French overseas collectivites, thesui generis collectivity and theFrench overseas territory.

TheFrench Society of Vexillology is the authority on the flying of flags in France and maintains the only official register of flags for the country.[1] It was established in 1985 and as part of theComité des travaux historiques et scientifiques operates under the authority of theMinister of Higher Education, Research and Innovation. The Breton Vexillology Society holds a similar role within Brittany.

National flags

[edit]
FlagDatePartyDescription
2020–present;
originally adopted in 1794		National flag of theFrench Second Republic,Second French Empire,French Third Republic,French State,Provisional Government of the French Republic,French Fourth Republic, and theFrench Fifth Republic. Originally adopted on 15 February 1794 and interchangeable with the lighter version introduced in 1976.A verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 3:2).
1976–2020An interchangeable lighter version of the national flag of theFrench Fifth Republic from 1976.[2] This version was abandoned by President Emmanuel Macron in July 2021 in favor of the version with darker shades.[3][4][5]A verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 3:2).
1976–2020Flag of France (vertical)
2020–present;
originally adopted in 1794		Modern Flag of France

Standards

[edit]

Presidential Standards

[edit]
FlagDatePartyDescription
1880–presentThePresidential and Prime Minister Standard ofFranceA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1).
ThePresidential and Prime Minister Standard ofFrance (variant)A verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 3:2).
1887–1894Presidential standard ofSadi CarnotA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "C".
1894–1895Presidential standard ofJean Casimir-PerierA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "CP".
1895–1899Presidential standard ofFélix FaureA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "FF".
1899–1906Presidential standard ofÉmile LoubetA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "EL".
1906–1913Presidential standard ofArmand FallièresA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "AF".
1913–1920Presidential standard ofRaymond PoincaréA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "RP".
1920Presidential standard ofPaul DeschanelA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "PD".
1920–1924Presidential standard ofAlexandre MillerandA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "AM".
1924–1931Presidential standard ofGaston DoumergueA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "GD".
1931–1932Presidential standard ofPaul DoumerA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "PD".
1932–1940Presidential standard ofAlbert LebrunA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "AL".

1940–1944Presidential standards ofPhilippe PétainA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred with the axe and 7 golden stars.
1947–1954Presidential standard ofVincent AuriolA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "VA".
1958–1959Presidential standard ofRené CotyA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "RC".

1959–1969Presidential standards ofCharles de GaulleA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 3:2) with the redCross of Lorraine.
A verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with the golden "CG" and the redCross of Lorraine.

1969–1974Presidential standards ofGeorges PompidouA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred with the golden "GP".

1974Presidential standards ofAlain PoherA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred with the golden "AP".

1975–1981Presidential standards ofValéry Giscard d'EstaingA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred with the golden fasces.

1982–1995Presidential standards ofFrançois MitterrandA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred with the golden oak tree.

1982–1995Presidential standards ofFrançois MitterrandA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred with the golden "FM".

Ministers Standards

[edit]
FlagDatePartyDescription
1880–1958Flag of the Governor ColonyA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred on swallow tail blue ensign. (proportions 1:2).
1976–presentFlag of theMinister of OverseasA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) on a blue ensign.

Royal Standards

[edit]
FlagDatePartyDescription
early 17th century–1789 1814–1815[a] 1815-1830Universal standard of the kings of France from theHouse of Bourbon
1643–1715Royal standard ofLouis XIV
1715–1789Royal standard ofLouis XV andLouis XVI
1804–1814 1815[b]Imperial standard ofNapoléon I
1814-1815[a] 1815–1830Royal Standard ofLouis XVIII andCharles X.
1830–1848Royal Standard ofLouis Philippe I
1870–1873Imperial standard ofNapoleon III
1873–1879
1827–1877Personal Standard ofPomare IV

Military

[edit]

Flags of theFrench Military

FlagDateUseDescription
Flag of theMinister of the Armed ForcesA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred (proportions 1:1) with a golden emblem.
10 August 1939–presentFlag of theChief of the Defence StaffOriginally themarque of the Chief of the National Defence.[6]
1916–presentFlag of theMarshal of France

Army

[edit]

Flags of theFrench Army

FlagDateUseDescription
10 August 1939–presentFlag of theChief of Staff of the French ArmyMarque given to the chief of staff.[6]
1789-1793Flag ofNational Volunteers

Navy

[edit]

Flags of theFrench Navy

FlagDateUseDescription
10 August 1939–presentFlag of theChief of Staff of the French NavyMarque given to the chief of staff.[6]
1794–1814

1853–present

Naval ensign of FranceA verticaltricolour ofblue,white, andred, but with bars in proportion 30:33:37
1848–1910Naval ensign ofFrench Algeria
16th century–?Naval Flag of theKingdom of France
?–1790Naval Flag of the Kingdom of France (Galley Ensign)
1790–1794Naval ensign ofKingdom of France andFrench First RepublicAwhite flag with a bordered, first version of the French tricolore on the top-left honour quadrant
1638–1790
1814–1815[a] 1815-1830		Naval ensign of Kingdom of FranceA purewhite flag
1943–1945Naval jack ofFree FranceTheargent rhomboid fieldis defaced with agulesLorraine cross.
10 August 1939–presentFlag of the Admiral of the French Navy
Flag of the Vice-Admiral D'escadre of the French Navy
Flag of the Vice-Admiral of the French Navy
Flag of the Contre-Admiral of the French Navy
Flag of the Capitaine de Vaisseau of the French Navy (Division)
Flag of the Capitaine de Vaisseau of the French Navy (Unit)
Flag of the Harbour Commanding Officer
Flag of the Senior Merchant Navy Captain in the harbour
Pennant

Air Force

[edit]

Flags of theFrench Air Force

FlagDateUseDescription
10 August 1939–presentFlag of theChief of Staff of the French Air ForceMarque given to the chief of staff.[6]
1916–1917Flag of theLafayette Escadrille

Civil Ensign

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
17th centuryCivil Ensign of Kingdom of France
?–1790Civil ensign of Kingdom of France
?–1790Merchant ensign ofKingdom of France
1923–1945

1945–1949

Civil and merchant ensign ofFrench Indochina
French pilot boat flag

Vexillology Associations

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
2016–presentFlag ofFrench Society of Vexillology
1996–presentFlag of Breton Vexillological Society

Regional and territorial flags

[edit]
Main article:Flags of the regions of France

City flags

[edit]
Main article:List of communal flags in France

Largest cities

[edit]
FlagDateCityDescription
1945–presentParis
Main article:Flag of Paris

In the center is the coat of arms of Paris.Red is identified withSaint Denis, blue withSaint Martin.

13th century–presentMarseille
Main article:Flag of Marseille

The flag dates from the time of theCrusades. The cross is a symbol of the crusades.

?–presentLyon
Main article:Flag of Lyon
14th century–presentNiceFlag of theCounty of Nice (1108–1176)
?–presentNantesWhite cross of theKingdom of France on the black cross ofBrittany
1262–presentStrasbourgColors ofAlsace

Political flags

[edit]
FlagDatePartyDescription
current
2021–presentReconquête
2011–presentLys noirfr
2011–presentLigue du Midioc
2011–presentPopular Republican Union
2010–presentEurope Ecology – The Greens
2009–presentLeft Party
2000s–presentIdentitarian movement
Link to file1998–presentGuadeloupe Communist Party
1994–presentTerre et Peuple
1983–presentFrench Nationalist Party
1977–presentTahoera'a Huiraatira
1964–presentBreton Democratic Union
former
2013–2014Bonnets Rouges
2008–2011Front Comtois
1991–2019Alternative libertaire
2016–2017French Renewal
2005–2016
1968–2013L'Œuvre Française
1961–1962Organisation armée secrète
1941–1945National Popular Rally
1936–1945French Popular Party
1934–1944French National-Collectivist Party
1933–1944Mouvement Franciste
1927–1939French Agrarian and Peasant Party
1791–1792Feuillant
1790–1795Cordeliers

Monarchist flags

[edit]

These flags have a long tradition among French monarchists.[7]

FlagDateUseDescription
Legitimist Royalist Flag, White strewn with goldfleur-de-lis adorned with aSacred Heart.
Flag ofCross of Burgundy.
A proposed flag of France, possible design byHenri d'Artois, comte de Chambord.
TheRoyal Banner of France or "Bourbon Flag".
Civil Ensign of theKingdom of France.
Imperial Standard ofNapoléon III.
Flag of Lyon, because ofRevolt of Lyon against the National Convention.
Traditionalflag of Vendée.
Royal Standard ofLouis XIV.
Kroaz Du, sometimes it contains Sacred Hearts next toErmines

Separatist movements flags

[edit]
FlagDatePartyDescription
2001–presentAdsav
1971–1980Breton Communist Party
1931–1944Breton National Party
1907Breton Regionalist Union
2018–presentDemocratic Organization of the People of Occitaniaoc
1969–1976Anarchist-Communist Federation of Occitania
1959–presentPartit de la Nacion Occitana
1972–1981Catalan Workers' Left
1978–presentPeople's Union for the Liberation of Guadeloupe
1963–1970sGuadeloupe National Organizing Group
1990–presentPro-Unification of Saint Martin flag
1992–presentBuild the Martinique Country and Movement of Democrats and Ecologists for Sovereign Martiniquefr
Link to file1984–presentNational Council of People's Committeesfr
1984–presentCommunist Party for Independence and Socialism
1978–presentMartinican Independence Movement
1984–presentKanak and Socialist National Liberation Front
1953–presentCaledonian Union
1986–presentTavini Huiraatira
1991–presentDecolonization and Social Emancipation Movement
2016–presentEtat Pied-Noir

Ethnic groups flags

[edit]

Many cultural groups, which identify themselves mostly bylanguage, use traditional flag of the regions of its origin. Such flags are not listed here.

FlagDateUseDescription
11th century–presentFlag ofAlsatiansFlag of Alsace
?Cultural flag ofArpitaniaSun of the Alps
1894–presentFlag ofBasquesIkurriña
1923–presentFlag ofBretonsFlag of Brittany
1923–presentFlag ofCatalansSenyera serves as a flag ofPyrénées-Orientales
1188?–presentFlag ofGascon peopleFlag of Gascony
13th century–presentFlag ofNorman peopleFlag and coat of arms of Normandy
19th century–presentFlag ofOccitansOccitan cross
?–presentFlag ofPied-Noirs
1847–presentFlag ofSavoyardsDuchy of Savoy#Flag
?–presentFlag ofYenish people
?–presentFlag ofNative Guyanese
2010–presentFlag ofKanak peopleFlags of New Caledonia
1837–presentFlag ofMangarevansFlag of the Gambier Islands
1980–presentFlag ofMarquesansFlag of the Marquesas Islands
1788–presentFlag ofTahitiansFlag of French Polynesia
1985–presentFlag ofTuamotus
Flag ofTubuaiansFlag of the Austral Islands
Flag ofUvea peopleFlag of Wallis and Futuna

Historical flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1790–1794Flag ofKingdom of France andFrench First Republic
14 July 1790Revolutionist flag
21 January 1793
7 May 1794Similar to thePre-Communist Yugoslavia.
1814–1815[a] 1815-1830Royal flag ofKingdom of France
1848Flag ofFrench Second Republic
1940–1944Flag ofFree France
1943–1944Flag of theMilice

Kingdom of France

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
10th century–12th centuryBanner of theKingdom of France
12th century–13th century
14th century–16th century
1365–1792
1814-1815[a] 1815–1830		Flag of theKingdom of France & theBourbon Restoration
1791- 1814Flag ofArmée des Émigrés
1793–1800Type ofCatholic and Royal Army of Vendée flag
1715–1789State Flag by the Kingdom of France under the absolute monarchy.
1365–1794The Royal Banner ofearly modern France or "Bourbon Flag" was the most commonly used flag inNew France.[8][9][10][11]
1124–1356Oriflamme
Oriflamme (variant)
9th century

Colonial flags

[edit]
Main article:French colonial flags

Alsace

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
Adopted 11th centuryHistoricalflag of Alsace
1912–1918Flag ofAlsace-Lorraine, adopted on 25 June 1912 and flag of theRepublic of Alsace-Lorraine (1918)
1871–1918Flag ofImperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine
982–1803Banner of thePrince-Bishopric of Strasbourg

Brittany

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
939–1547Flag ofDuchy of Brittany
Duchy of Brittany –Kroaz Du
14th century–16th centuryBreton Army Flag and Ensign
1351Brittany banner during theBreton Civil War

Burgundy

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
918–1482Flag ofDuchy of Burgundy
14th centuryFlag ofCross of Burgundy

Corsica

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
14th centuryFlag of Corsica
?–1755Flag of Corsica
1794–1796Flag of TheAnglo-Corsican Kingdom

Normandy

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
911–1469Flag ofDuchy of Normandy
1035–1087William the Conquerors gonfalonWilliam the Conquerors personal gonfalon held by Eustace II, Count of Boulogne in the Bayeux Tapestry.

Occitania

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
MedievalFlag ofCounty of Foix
9th century–1620Flag ofViscounty of Béarn
602–1453Flag ofDuchy of Aquitaine
778–1271Flag ofCounty of Toulouse
1108–1176Flag ofCounty of Nice
1274–1791Flag ofComtat Venaissin
1848–1849Flag of the Free Cities ofMenton andRoquebrune
1944Flag ofFree Republic of Vercors

Savoy

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1147–1847Flag ofDuchy of Savoy

French Guiana

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
2010–2015Flag of the Territorial Collectivity of French Guiana
ColonialUnofficial French GuianaBanner of arms of French Guiana.

French Polynesia

[edit]

Austral Islands

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1858–1889Flag ofKingdom of Rurutu
1889–1900
1856–1891Flag ofKingdom of Rimatara
1891–1900

Gambier Islands

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1832–1843Flag ofKingdom of Mangareva

Marquesas Islands

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1837–1842Flag ofKingdom of Tahuata
1835Flag ofKingdom of Taiohae

Society Islands

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1820–1845Flag ofKingdom of Bora Bora
1837–1842
1842–1895
1847–1888Flag ofKingdom of Huahine
1847–1880Flag ofKingdom of Raiatea
1880–1888
1822–1829Flag ofKingdom of Tahiti
1829–1843
1843–1880Flag of Tahiti Protectorate

Tuamotus

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1832–1843Flag ofTuamotu Kingdom

Martinique

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1766–2018Unofficialflag of Martinique
2019–2021Flag of the Territorial Collectivity of Martinique
Since 2023Officialflag of Martinique

Wallis and Futuna

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1842–1860Flag ofKingdom of Uvea
1860–1886
1886–1887
1837–1858Royal Standard of Uvea
1858–1887
1887–1910Unofficial flag of Wallis and Futuna
1910–1974
1974–1985

Other historical flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1419Flag of Dauphin Charles (futureCharles VII) upon his entry (adventus) into Bourges on 14 March 1419. According to Anselme d'Ysalguier (from Toulouse) eyewitness.
c. 1569Huguenot battle flag
c. 1590Flag of theCatholic League
1870Banner of the Catholic FrenchPapal Zouaves
1871Revolutionary banner from theParis CommuneA plain red flag

Flag proposal

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1871A proposed flag of France, possible design byHenri d'Artois, comte de Chambord.
ca. 2010Proposal byHervé, Baron Pinoteau for the flag of a restored Kingdom of France under legitimist Bourbon branch.

Associations

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
?–present?Human Rights League
1967–Société Nationale de Sauvetage en Mer
1896–1935French Society of Sea Works

French shipping company

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1976–2016Société nationale maritime Corse Méditerranée
1912–1962Compagnie de Navigation Sud-Atlantique
1903–1988Caen Naval Companyfr
1883–1990Compagnie Générale Transatlantique
1881–1933Fabre LineThey used theflag of Marseille.
1872–?Chargeurs
1851–1977Messageries Maritimes
1836–1979Compagnie Fraissinet
1664–1794French East India Company

French yacht clubs

[edit]
FlagClub
Cercle de la voile de Paris
Cercle de la Voile d'Arcachon
Société des Régates Rochelaises
Société nautique de Marseille
Union Nationale pour la Course au Large
Yacht Club de France (Burgee)
Yacht Club de France (Ensign)
Société des Régates du Havre
Cercle nautique La Baule Le Pouliguen Pornichet
Yacht Club Basque

Fictional flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
2007–PresentFlag ofPrincipality of GrolandFlag of the fictional Principality of Groland was state created by Jules-Édouard Moustic for the French TV channelCanal+. The flag is used as a parody.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^abcdeBriefly interrupted during theHundred Days, during whichthe Empire was restored
  2. ^Briefly restored under theHundred Days

References

[edit]
  1. ^"adhésion et renouvellement". French Society of Vexillology. Retrieved22 December 2016.La Société française de vexillologie (SFV) est ouverte sans condition de nationalité à quiconque s'intéresse à l'étude des drapeaux et des pavillons sous tous leurs aspects (usage, histoire, symbolisme, fabrication, etc.) et adhère aux règles et principes énoncés dans ses statuts.
  2. ^"À propos du bleu du drapeau tricolore" [About the blue of the tricolor flag].Société Française de Vexillologie (in French).
  3. ^"Emmanuel Macron a changé la couleur du drapeau français" [Emmanuel Macron has changed the color of the French flag].CNEWS (in French).CNews. 14 November 2021.
  4. ^de Raguenel, Louis (14 November 2021)."INFO EUROPE 1 : Emmanuel Macron a changé la couleur du drapeau français" [INFO EUROPE 1: Emmanuel Macron has changed the color of the French flag].Europe 1 (in French).
  5. ^Epstein, Jake (15 November 2021)."France changed the color of its flag – and no one noticed for over a year".Insider. Retrieved22 December 2022.
  6. ^abcd"Marques, honneurs, saluts et visites dans les forces navales et à bord des bâtiments de la marine militaire".gallica.bnf.fr (in French). 10 August 1939. Retrieved29 February 2020.
  7. ^@OAanmoen (24 January 2022)."French royalists marched in Paris this weekend to mark the death of King Louis XVI and demand the return of the mon…" (Tweet) – viaTwitter.
  8. ^New York State Historical Association (1915).Proceedings of the New York State Historical Association with the Quarterly Journal: 2nd-21st Annual Meeting with a List of New Members. The Association.It is most probable that the Bourbon Flag was used during the greater part of the occupancy of the French in the region extending southwest from the St. Lawrence to the Mississippi , known as New France... The French flag was probably blue at that time with three golden fleur – de – lis ....
  9. ^"Fleur-de-lys | The Canadian Encyclopedia".thecanadianencyclopedia.ca.At the time of New France (1534 to the 1760s), two flags could be viewed as having national status. The first was the banner of France – a blue square flag bearing three gold fleurs-de-lys. It was flown above fortifications in the early years of the colony. For instance, it was flown above the lodgings of Pierre Du Gua de Monts at Île Sainte-Croix in 1604. There is some evidence that the banner also flew above Samuel de Champlain's habitation in 1608. ..... the completely white flag of the French Royal Navy was flown from ships, forts and sometimes at land-claiming ceremonies.
  10. ^"INQUINTE.CA | CANADA 150 Years of History ~ The story behind the flag".inquinte.ca.When Canada was settled as part of France and dubbed "New France," two flags gained national status. One was the Royal Banner of France. This featured a blue background with three gold fleurs-de-lis. A white flag of the French Royal Navy was also flown from ships and forts and sometimes flown at land-claiming ceremonies.
  11. ^W. Stewart Wallace (1948).The Encyclopedia of Canada, Vol. II, Toronto, University Associates of Canada. pp. 350–351.During the French régime in Canada, there does not appear to have been any French national flag in the modern sense of the term. The "Banner of France", which was composed of fleur-de-lys on a blue field, came nearest to being a national flag, since it was carried before the king when he marched to battle, and thus in some sense symbolized the kingdom of France. During the later period of French rule, it would seem that the emblem...was a flag showing the fleur-de-lys on a white ground.... as seen in Florida. There were, however, 68 flags authorized for various services by Louis XIV in 1661; and a number of these were doubtless used in New France

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toFlags of France.
France
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  • Flag of theKingdom of France (12th century–13th century)
  • Flag of the Kingdom of France (14th century–16th century)
  • Flag of the Kingdom of France (1365–1794)
  • Flag of the Kingdom of France (1365–1794)
  • Flag of the Kingdom of France and French First Republic (1790–1794)
  • Flag of theBourbon Restoration (1814–1830)
  • Royal Standard of the Kingdom of France (1365–1792)
  • Imperial Standard ofNapoleon I (1804–1815)
  • Imperial Standard ofNapoleon III (1870–1873)
  • Imperial Standard ofNapoleon IV (1870–1873)
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