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List of Celtic place names in Portugal

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In the area of modern Portugal a significant number of towns withCeltic toponymic were already mentioned by ancientGreek andRoman authors.

Theregions where we can find a greater number of these names are in thenorth (inhabited by theCallaici orCallaeci) andcenter (inhabited by theLusitanians) of Portugal. However, Celtic toponymy occurs throughout the whole country and is also found in the south (theAlentejo, inhabited by theCeltici, and theAlgarve, inhabited by theCynetes), which correspond to the ancientRoman provinces ofGallaecia andLusitania.

The name of Portugal (Portvgalliæ) itself is partly of Celtic origin (see:Name of Portugal andPortus Cale).

Ancient (bracketed) and modern places in theIberian Peninsula which have names containing the Celtic elements -brigā or -bris < -brixs 'hill,hillfort'.Celtic toponymy of Portugal (Western side of Iberia) is shown light-blue and yellow on the map.

List of towns and places

[edit]

Celtic name	Modern name
Anobrega	Ponte da Barca
Anobra	Anobra inCondeixa-a-Nova. Likely derived fromānniyobris "hill", "ring" (Cf. old Irishainne "ring"),^[1]
Arabriga	probablyAlenquer or betweenSesimbra andOutão
Arcobica	probablyTorrão inAlcácer do Sal
Arcobriga	probably nearBraga
Aritium Praetorium	probably Tamazim, near Bemposta
Aritium oppidum vetus	Casal da Várzea
Aritium Vetus	Alvega inAbrantes
Aranni	probably nearOurique
Arandis	nearOurique
Ardila
Armona	Ilha de Armona
Auobriga/ *Aobriga	in theAve Valley region
Equabonna/Aquabona	Coina inBarreiro
Auaron Pr.	Carreiro inPóvoa de Varzim (Cape Santo André)
Axabrica/Axabrix	Xabregas
Boidobr(ig)a (?)	Boidobra, inCovilhã. A combination of two elements: boudi^[2] or *boudo- 'victory' (Welsh budd 'gain, benefit') and "briga".
Bracara	Braga
Brigantia	Bragança
Brita/s
Budens	Budens
*Burrulobriga	aroundElvas
Caetobriga/Caetobrix/Kaitobrix	Setúbal
Caeilobricoi	Castro Daire inLamas de Moledo
Calabria > Caliabriga	Castelo Calabre inVila Nova de Foz Côa
Caladunum	probablyVilar de Perdizes inMontalegre
Cambra<Calambriga	Vale de Cambra (Aveiro),Casal de Cambra (Sintra)
Cale	Vila Nova de Gaia; Portucale; Portugal
Cantippo
Castellum Araocelum	São Cosmado inMangualde
Catraleucus/ Contraleuco
Cempsibriga	Sesimbra
Colobre	Alcolobre inConstância (Colobre, 935 C.E.): the first element derives from *k^wolu- 'wheel'^[3]
Conimbriga	Conímbriga,Condeixa-a-Nova;Coimbra (name only)
Civitas Aravorum <Aravi>	Marialva
Collippo	Batalha
Corumbriga
Cottaiobriga	nearAlmeida
Ebora	Évora
Eburobrittium	Óbidos
*Elaneobriga	aroundBraga
Evion
Ercobriga
Etobrico	Alenquer
Jerabrica/Gerabrica/Hierabrica	betweenLisbon andSantarém
Jurumegna	Juromenha inAlandroal
Lacobriga	Lagos
Lamecum	Lamego
Langobriga	Fiães
castello Letiobri	aroundBraga
Lemos
Londobris	Berlengas
Longobriga	Longroiva inMêda
Lubrigos	Vila Real
Civitas Aravorum <Aravi>	Marialva (Mêda)
Malaceca/Malateca	Marateca
Medrobiga	Marvão
Meidubriga	in Beira Alta
Mirobriga	Miróbriga
Mirobriga	Montemor o Velho
Meribriga/Merebriga	inAlentejo
Merobriga	probablySines or near river Mira
Montobriga/Mundobriga	aroundCastelo de Vide
Moron	Almorol orMontalvão
Ocelum	Ferro probably inCovilhã
Pendraganum	Pedrógão Grande
Seliobriga	São Martinho de Pedrulhais inSepins
Senabriga	Seia
Talabriga	Lamas do Vouga
Talabriga	Ponte de Lima, Estourãos
Tameobriga	nearPaiva andDouro
Terena	Terena
Tongobriga/ Tuntobriga	Freixo,Marco de Canaveses
Tur(o)lobriga	aroundChaves
Uxonoba
Vicus Camalocensis	aroundCrato
Vicus Veniensis	Cabeço de Lameirão inMeimoa
Vipasca	Aljustrel

List of rivers

[edit]

Celtic name	Modern name
Arda from Proto-Celtic *ardwo-^[4]	Arda
LatinisedArduinna from Celtic *ardwo- hight, related to forests, Goddess of the forests^[5]	Ardena
Ardila *same as above	Ardila
LatinisedArauca from Celtic^[6]	Arouca
LatinisedArauca from Celtic^[7]	Arouce
LatinisedArauca from Celtic^[8]	Arunca
LatinisedCavalum from Celtic/Gaulish *caballos - horse^[9]	Cavalum
Lethes	Lima
Minius	Minho
Munda, LatinisedMundaecus orMondaecus	Mondego
LatinisedTamaga, likely from Tamaca^[10]	Tâmega

References

[edit]

^Prósper (2002) p. 376.
^Delamarre, Xavier[in French] (2003).Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic]. Vol. (Collection des Hespérides, 9), 3rd edition, Éditions Errance. Errance. page boudi- of 83-84.ISBN 978-2877722377.
^Matasovic (2009) s.v. k^wol-u-.
^"An Etymological Lexicon of Proto-Celtic | Languages of Europe | Philology".
^"Inactive". Archived from the original on November 10, 2007.
^"Arouca | Definição ou significado de Arouca no Dicionário Infopédia de Toponímia".
^"Arouca | Definição ou significado de Arouca no Dicionário Infopédia de Toponímia".
^"Arouca | Definição ou significado de Arouca no Dicionário Infopédia de Toponímia".
^Whiter, Walter (1800).Etymologicon magnum, or Universal etymological dictionary, on a new plan [By W. Whiter]. Cambridge [England] Printed by F. Hodson, for the author. p. 158.caballos celtic etymology.
^"Tâmega | Definição ou significado de Tâmega no Dicionário Infopédia de Toponímia".

Falileyev.Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-Names. Aberystwyth University
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
Gamito, Teresa.The Celts in Portugal. Universidade do Algarve. E-Keltoi.Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies. Volume 6. The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula]
Freire,José."A Toponímia Céltica e os vestígios de cultura material da Proto-História de Portugal".Revista de Guimarães, Volume Especial, I, Guimarães, 1999, pp. 265–275
Mapa pormenorizado dos Povos Pré-Romanos da Península Ibérica (200 AC)
[1]
Vias Romanas em Portugal Archived 2021-02-12 at theWayback Machine
Juan, Alonso.-Briga Toponyms in the Iberian Peninsula. University of Salamanca. E-Keltoi.Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies. Volume 6. "The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula"
Buchanan, George.The history of Scotland... to the present time. pg 108
Hazlitt,The Classical Gazetteer. Ancient Library. pg 190]
Braganca Bragança, or Braganza, or Brigantia, or Juliobriga (Portugal)Encyclopædia Britannica online
Atlas das Cidades Romanas em Portugal
"Corumbriga"The Cambrian Journal. Cambrian Institute p 183
Ptolemy'sGeography. Book II, Chapter 4. Location of Lusitania Hispania (Second Map of Europe.Lacus Curtius]
Perestrello da Câmara, Paulo.Diccionario geographico, historico, politico e litterario do reino de Portugal e seus Domínios pg 494 (two Mirobrigas)
Bautista de Castro, João.Mappa de Portugal, pg 18 (Catraleucus)
Pérez Vilatela, Luciano.Lusitania: Historia y etnología pg.7 (two Arcobrigas in Lusitânia)
Memorias de la Real Academia de la historia. pg 81 Real Academia de la Historia. (three Arcobrigas)
Alarcão,Jorge.Notas de arqueologia, epigrafia e toponímia – II
Guerra, Amílcar.Caepiana: uma reavaliação crítica do problema da sua localização e enquadramento histórico. IPA Ministério da Cultura. (Longroiva)
Alarcão,Jorge.Notas de arqueologia, epigrafia e toponímia – III (Valabriga-Merobriga)
Guerra, Amílcar.POVOS, CULTURA E LÍNGUA NO OCIDENTE PENINSULAR: UMA PERSPECTIVA, A PARTIR DA TOPONOMÁSTICAActa Palaeohispanica IX Palaeohispanica 5, (2005), pp 814–817]
Los topónimos: Sus blasones y trofeos (la toponimia Mítica) pg 10 (Anobrega)
Nascentes, Antenor. (1932)Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa. (ref. Xabregas)

Peoples
Ancient Celtic ethnic groups (names)	Aedui Aigosages Allobroges Allotriges Ambarri Anartes Arecomici Armorica Astures Arverni Atuatuci Attacotti Atrebates Aulerci Aulerci Cenomani Cenomani Autrigones Bituriges Bituriges Vivisci Belgae Bellovaci Berones Boii Brigantii Britons Caledonians Caleti Cantabri Carni Cantii Carnutes Caristii Carpetani Catubrini Celegeri Cenomani Celtiberians Celtici Cotini Coriosolites Dumnonii Eburones Eburovices Eravisci Haedui Helvetii Gaels Gaesatae Gallaeci Gauls Galatians Helvetii Insubres Latobici Latobrigi Lemovices Lexovii Leuci Ligures Lingones Lusitanians Lepontii Menapii Morini Namnetes Nervii Noricum Orobii Osismii Parisi Parisii Petrocorii Picts Pictones Rauraci Redones Regni Remi Salluvii Santones Sequani Senones Scordisci Scoti Silures Sordones Tectosages Teurisci Tolistobogii Treveri Trinovantes Triboci Tricasses Trocmi Tulingi Turoni Ulidia Varciani Varisci Viromandui Veneti Veliocasses Vennones Vindelici Vocontii Volcae
Modern Celtic ethnic groups	Bretons Cornish Welsh Gaels Irish Manx Scots
Celtic diaspora	Cornish diaspora Irish diaspora Scottish diaspora Welsh diaspora
Related ethnic groups	Anglo-Celtic Breton Americans Cornish Americans English people French people Irish Americans Irish Canadians Scotch-Irish Americans Scottish Americans Scottish Canadians Scots-Irish people Spanish people

Studies
Places	Alesia Avaricum Gergovia Hallstatt Hochdorf La Tène Vix Grave Gaelic Ireland Hill of Tara Newgrange Rathcroghan Dálriata Alba Fortriu Cumbria Brigantia Iron Age Britain Roman Britain Sub-Roman Britain Stonehenge Dumnonia Hen Ogledd Gaul Roman Gaul Britonia Armorica Domnonée Brittany Gallaecia Numantia Gallia Aquitania Gallia Belgica Gallia Celtica Cisalpine Gaul Transalpine Gaul Balkans Transylvania Galatia
Ancient religion	Proto-Celtic religion Celtic polytheism Celtic deities Celtic Animism Celtic mythology Celtic Christianity Celtic Rites Celtic stone idolss* Druids Monasticism Romano-Celtic temple Practices
Mythology	Irish Scottish Welsh British Breton Cornish
Society	Bard Brehon Celtic calendar Celtic festivals Celtic women Celticisation Chief of the Name Derbfine Druid Clan chief Irish Clans Scottish clans (List) Gaelicisation Gaelic astrology Fáinne Fili Law Tanistry Seanchaí Sept Túath Vates Warfare (Gaelic) Coinage

Modern Celts

Nations

Celtic League definition	Brittany (Breizh) Cornwall (Kernow) Ireland (Éire) Isle of Man (Mannin) Scotland (Alba) Wales (Cymru)
Other claimants	Asturias Cantabria Cumbria Devon Galicia Norte Portugal Nova Scotia Province of León Y Wladfa England

Culture

Literature

Gaelic	Irish Early Bardic Poetry Annals Manx Scottish Gaelic

National cultures

Art

Clothing

Regional cultures

Music

National music scenes	Brittany Cornwall Ireland Isle of Man Scotland Wales

Festivals

Sport

Politics
Nationalism	Breton nationalism history reunification Cornish nationalism status Irish nationalism Isle of Man Constitutional status of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles Scottish nationalism national identity Welsh nationalism national identity
Autonomy	Cornish devolution Scottish devolution Welsh devolution
Independence	Breton independence Scottish independence Welsh independence United Ireland andIrish republicanism
Pan-Celticism	Celtic League Celtic Congress Celtic Revival Celtic society Celtic unity Columba Project

Ancient Celtic languages

Extinct	Proto-Celtic Proto-Brittonic Proto-Goidelic Celtiberian Gaulish Galatian Gallaecian Lepontic Noric Cumbric Pictish Hispano-Celtic Cisalpine Gaulish
Scottish Gaelic dialects	Arran Gaelic Deeside Gaelic Galwegian Gaelic

Law andwarfare
Law	Early Irish law Cyfraith Hywel (Medieval Welsh law) Early Scots law
Warfare	Gaelic warfare Ceathairne Ceithearn Fianna Gaesatae Gallóglaigh Hobelar Redshanks Trimarcisia

Lists
Tribes Deities Celtic words in English – in Spanish – in Galician Gaulish words in French Celtic place names in Galicia – in Italy – in Portugal