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List of American Friends Service Committee Nobel nominees

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Quaker Nobel nominees
The Quaker Peace Star has been used in a variety of forms ever since, representing Quaker work for peace and the relief of suffering caused by war.

In 1947, theAmerican Friends Service Committee (AFSC) and theQuaker Peace and Social Witness (QPSW) (previously known as the Friends Service Council) jointly received theNobel Peace Prize on behalf of allQuakers around the world "for their pioneering work in the international peace movement and compassionate effort to relieve human suffering, thereby promoting the fraternity between nations."[1][2] The award was established in accordance toAlfred Nobel's will, specifically to individuals or groups "who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion ofpeace congresses."[3]

As previous Nobel laureates are qualified to nominate annually according to the Nobel Foundation's statutes,[4] AFSC and QPSW formed a Nobel Peace Prize Nominating Task Group which selects and recommends future Nobel laureates –individuals ororganizations – who they believe best manifests "the divine spark in action in the human family."[5][6] Six of the ASFC Nobel nominees were eventually awarded namely toJohn Boyd Orr (1949),Dag Hammarskjöld (1961; posthumously),Martin Luther King Jr. (1964),Desmond Tutu (1984),Jimmy Carter (2002) andNihon Hidankyo (2024).

ASFC Nobel nominees

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Criteria for Nobel nomination

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Before a final nominee is unanimously agreed by the AFSC Board and recommended to theNorwegian Nobel Committee, the Nominating Task Group spends ten months annually discerning, through heavy research, prayerful consideration and careful discussion.[6] Aside from Alfred Nobel's criteria based on his 1895 will, the AFSC Nobel Peace Prize Nominating Task Group primarily observes the following criteria:[6][7]

  • 1. The candidate's commitment tononviolent methods.
  • 2. The quality of the candidate as a person and of her/his sustained contribution to peace.
  • 3. The candidate's work on issues of peace, justice, human dignity, and the integrity of the environment.
  • 4. The candidate’s possession of a worldview and/or global impact as opposed to a parochial concern.
  • 5. Giving attention to candidates from all parts of the world.*
  • 6. Noting crisis areas and considering candidates related to them only as a Nobel Prize may, by its timeliness and visibility, offer valuable support to a solution to the crisis.*
  • 7. Considering the relevance of a candidate’s work to the work of AFSC or other Quaker experience.*

List of ASFC nominees for Nobel Peace Prize

[edit]
YearImageNomineeBornDiedMotivations
1948Mahatma Gandhi2 October 1869 inPorbandar,Gujarat, India30 January 1948 inNew Delhi, India"for advocating racial, social and political peace, and 'being a living incarnation of the ideal of peace itself' while leading the Indian nationalist movement in a non-violent struggle against British rule."[8][9]
1949John Boyd Orr23 September 1880 inKilmaurs,East Ayrshire, United Kingdom25 June 1971 inEdzell,Angus, United Kingdom"for having initiated the founding of the International Emergency Food Council in 1946 to meet the urgent need to revive agricultural production in order to prevent the famine that threatened numerous countries in the world."[10][9]
1950André Trocmé7 April 1901 inSaint-Quentin,Somme, France5 June 1971 inGeneva,  Switzerland[11][12][9]
Wilhelm Mensching5 October 1887 inLauenhagen, Germany25 August 1964 inStadthagen,Lower Saxony, Germany
1951Jawaharlal Nehru14 November 1889 inPrayagraj,Uttar Pradesh, India27 May 1964 inNew Delhi, India"for establishing parliamentary government in India and for his neutralist foreign policy and for upholding the same principles as Gandhi."[13]
1952Benegal Narsing Rau26 February 1887 inMangalore,Karnataka, India30 November 1953 inZürich,  Switzerland"for his contribution to bring about reconciliation between the Great Power Countries and the United Nations."[14][9]
1953William O. Douglas16 October 1898 inMaine Township,Minnesota, United States19 January 1980 inBethesda, Maryland, United States"for his work to improve economic undeveloped areas."[15][9]
1954Frank Porter Graham14 October 1886 inFayetteville, North Carolina, United States16 February 1972 inChapel Hill, North Carolina, United States"for his work as a university teacher and for his work in the United Nations."[16][9]
1955André Trocmé7 April 1901 inSaint-Quentin,Somme, France5 June 1971 inGeneva,  Switzerland[11][12][9]
Wilhelm Mensching5 October 1887 inLauenhagen, Germany25 August 1964 inStadthagen,Lower Saxony, Germany
1956Elisabeth Rotten15 February 1882 inBerlin, Germany2 May 1962 inLondon, United Kingdom"for her work for reconciliation and work inPestalozzi Children Village in Switzerland."[17][9]
1957Service Civil Internationalfounded in 1920 inBelgiëlei,Antwerp, Belgium"for its significant international voluntary work camps throughout the world, providing constructive opportunities for young people to work for peace, and directing their efforts towards both physical rehabilitation and the important rebuilding of international understanding and fellowship."[18][9]
1958No nomination
1959No nomination
1960Norman Cousins24 June 1915 inWest Hoboken, New Jersey, United States30 November 1990 inLos Angeles,California, United States[19][9]
1961Dag Hammarskjöld29 July 1905 inJönköping, Sweden18 September 1961 inNdola, Zambia[20][9]
1962Norman Cousins24 June 1915 inWest Hoboken, New Jersey, United States30 November 1990 inLos Angeles,California, United States"for challenging the policy and practice of nuclear defense and warfare."[21][9]
1963Martin Luther King Jr.15 January 1929 inAtlanta,Georgia, United States4 April 1968 inMemphis, Tennessee, United States"for his work and witness which promotes the dignity and worth of the human person."[22]
1964
1965Norman Cousins24 June 1915 inWest Hoboken, New Jersey, United States30 November 1990 inLos Angeles,California, United States"for challenging the policy and practice of nuclear defense and warfare."[23][9]
1966No nomination
1967U Thant22 January 1909 inPantanaw,Maubin, Myanmar25 December 1974 inNew York City, United States"for his work asSecretary General of the United Nations, wherein he is a most important international civil servant and is deeply and spiritually dedicated to the bringing of real peace to mankind."[24][25][9]
1968
1969Danilo Dolci28 June 1924 inSežana, Slovenia30 December 1997 inTrappeto,Palermo, Italy"for his continuous work helping the desperately poor in western Sicily and his considerable success in leading them in nonviolent ways."[26][9]
1970


International Fellowship of ReconciliationAugust 1914 inAmsterdam, Netherlands"for their service to peace, humanity, and reconciliation."[27][9]



United States Fellowship of ReconciliationNovember 1915 inGarden City,New York, United States
1971Cesar Chavez31 March 1927 inYuma, Arizona, United States23 April 1993 inSan Luis, Arizona, United States"for the quality of leadership he has shown in the long struggle of farmworkers for human dignity and, through persevering efforts, seeks to combat poverty and injustice and build a new quality of relationship between men."[28][9]
1972U Thant22 January 1909 inPantanaw,Maubin, Myanmar25 December 1974 inNew York City, United States[24][9]
1973Hélder Câmara7 February 1909 inFortaleza,Ceará, Brazil27 August 1999 inRecife,Pernambuco, Brazil[9]
1974


1975
Cesar Chavez31 March 1927 inYuma, Arizona, United States23 April 1993 inSan Luis, Arizona, United States[9]
Hélder Câmara7 February 1909 inFortaleza,Ceará, Brazil27 August 1999 inRecife,Pernambuco, Brazil
1976Committee of Cooperation for Peace in ChileOctober 1973 inSantiago, Chile[9]
1977No nomination
1978Stephen Biko18 December 1946 inTarkastad,Eastern Cape, South Africa12 September 1977 inPretoria,Gauteng, South Africa[9]
1979Ham Seok-heon13 March 1901
Yomju,North Pyongan, North Korea
4 February 1989
Seoul, South Korea
"for his lifelong commitment to peace and democracy, becoming an important Asian voice for human rights and non-violence known as 'seed idea' (ssi-al sasang)."[29][30][9]
1980Danilo Dolci28 June 1924 inSežana, Slovenia30 December 1997 inTrappeto,Palermo, Italy[9]
1981Desmond Tutu7 October 1931 inKlerksdorp,Transvaal, South Africa26 December 2021 inCape Town,Western Cape, South Africa[9]
1982
1983Mattityahu Peled20 July 1923 inHaifa, Israel10 March 1995 inJerusalem, Israel[9]
Issam Sartawi1935 inAcre, Palestine10 April 1983 inAlbufeira,Faro, Portugal
1984United Nations Convention on the Law of the SeaDecember 1982 inMontego Bay, Jamaica[9]
1986Brian Urquhart28 February 1919 inBridport,Dorset, United Kingdom2 January 2021 inTyringham, Massachusetts, United States"for his unparalleled contributions and significant role in the foundation of theUnited Nations."[9]
1987
1988Inga Thorsson3 July 1915 inMalmö, Sweden15 January 1994 inStockholm, Sweden[9]
Gro Harlem Brundtland20 April 1939 inBærum,Akershus, Norway(aged86)
1989Antonio Fortich11 August 1913 inSibulan, Negros Oriental, Philippines2 July 2003 inBacolod,Negros Occidental, Philippines"for being a strong advocate of the rights of the poor and a critic of an unjust social economic system."[9]
1990Elise M. Boulding6 July 1920 inOslo, Norway24 June 2010 inNeedham, Massachusetts, United States"for her work on non-violence and conflict resolution, and as a major contributor to creating the academic discipline ofPeace and Conflict Studies."[9]
1991Jimmy Carter1 October 1924 inPlains, Georgia, United States29 December 2024 inPlains, Georgia, United States[9]
1992Moon Ik-hwan2 June 1918 inLongjing, Jilin, China18 January 1994 inFukuoka, Japan[9]
1993Beyers Naudé10 May 1915 inRoodepoort,Gauteng, South Africa7 September 2004 inJohannesburg, South Africa"for his role in the dismantling of apartheid, as fighter for human rights, and prophet and humane pastor to all who suffered under apartheid."[9]
1994Sulak Sivaraksa27 March 1933 inBangkok, Thailand(aged92)"for his commitment in the quest for a development process that is rooted in democracy, justice and cultural integrity."[9]
1995Ibrahim Rugova2 December 1944 inCerrca, Kosovo21 January 2006 inPristina, Kosovo"for his lifelong sacrifice and campaign for peace and democracy in Kosovo and for all the people of Kosovo."[9]
1996Preah Maha Ghosananda23 May 1913 inTreang,Takéo, Cambodia12 March 2007 inNorthampton, Massachusetts, United States[9]
1997Jimmy Carter1 October 1924 inPlains, Georgia, United States29 December 2024 inPlains, Georgia, United States[9]
1998Samuel Ruíz García3 November 1924 inGuanajuato, Mexico24 January 2011 inMexico City, Mexico"for his exemplary struggle to translate moral and religious principles into a model for human service."[9]
1999Helen Prejean,C.S.J.21 April 1939 inBaton Rouge, Louisiana, United States(aged86)"for her religious voice of great clarity and challenge on the inhumanity of state-sponsored executions."[31]
2000Denis Halliday10 January 1941 inDublin, Ireland(aged85)[9]
Kathy Kelly10 December 1952 inChicago,Illinois, United States(aged73)
2001


Peace Brigades Internationalfounded in 1981 inLondon, United Kingdom[9]
2002


Community of Sant'Egidiofounded in 1968 inRome, Italy[9]
2003Women in Blackfounded in January 1988 inJerusalem, Israel[9]
2004Zackie Achmat21 March 1962 inVrededorp, Gauteng,South Africa(aged63)"for having helped to galvanize a global movement to provide hope and gain access to treatment for those withHIV andAIDS."[9][32]
Treatment Action Campaignfounded in December 1998 inCape Town,South Africa
2005


Nihon Hidankyōfounded in August 1956 inShibadaimon,Minato, Tokyo,Japan"for its contribution to the struggle for peace and for sanity in the management and perhaps the ultimate elimination of nuclear weapons."[9][33]
2006Ghassan Andoni1956 inBeit Sahour,Bethlehem, Palestine(aged70)"for their work to increase co-operation and understanding and their determination to strive for equality between their peoples within the framework of sovereign and democratic states."[9]
Jeff Halper28 November 1946 inBoston,Massachusetts, United States(aged79)
2007Peace Community of San José de ApartadóMarch 1997 inApartadó,Antioquia, Colombia[9]
Asociación de Cabildos Indígenas del Norte del CaucaJanuary 1994 inSantander de Quilichao,Cauca, Colombia
2008Aminatou Haidar24 July 1966 inLaayoune, Western Sahara(aged59)[9]
2009No nomination.
2010Roy Bourgeois15 December 1938 inLutcher, Louisiana, United States(aged87)[9]
School of the Americas Watchfounded in 1990 inWashington, D.C., United States
2011No nomination.
2012Hawa Abdi17 May 1947 inMogadishu, Somalia5 August 2020 inMogadishu, Somalia[34]
2013Gene Sharp21 January 1928 inNorth Baltimore, Ohio, United States28 January 2018 inBoston,Massachusetts, United States"for devoting the majority of his 84 years to studying nonviolent action, documenting the history of the strategies employed, analyzing how these techniques operate, and making the results accessible to the widest possible audience."[35]
2014No nomination
2015Victor Ochen16 September 1981 inLira, Uganda(aged44)"for their work for transitional justice, while simultaneously promoting human rights through nonviolent means, nourishing the leadership skills of other young people, and challenging systemic issues that lead to the continued vulnerability and suffering of war victims."[36][37]
African Youth Initiative Networkfounded in 2005 inLira, Uganda
2016Nonviolent Peaceforcefounded in 2003 inNew Delhi, India
(headquartered inGeneva,  Switzerland)
"for fostering dialogue among parties in conflict, reducing violence and nonviolently protecting unarmed civilians worldwide."[38]
2017Community Peacemaker Teams1984 inChicago,Illinois, United States[39]
2018Search for Common Groundfounded in 1982 inWashington, D.C., United States"for having made a profound impact in our world, inspiring and equipping people to find our shared humanity."[40]
2019The 2019 Nobel Peace Prize nominee asked that AFSC not publicize the nomination at this time.[41]
2020No nomination
2021Mwatana for Human Rightsfounded in 2007 inSana'a, Yemen"for their work during and after the two world wars to feed starving children and help Europe rebuild itself"[42]
Campaign Against Arms Trade (CAAT)founded in 1974 inLondon, United Kingdom
2022Miriam Were12 April 1940 inKakamega,Western Province, Kenya(aged85)"for her tireless work since the 1970s in promoting trust between governments, health authorities, and the citizenry through culturally sensitive programs."[43]
2023Florida Rights Restoration Coalition (FRRC)founded in 2019 inOrlando, Florida, United States"for their work in building democracies, supporting the human right to representation by government, and working towards a better organized and peaceful world."[44]
National Council of Churches of Kenya (NCCK)founded in June 1913 inNairobi, Kenya
2024No nomination
2025No nomination

References

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  1. ^"The Nobel Peace Prize 1947".nobelprize.org. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  2. ^"History | American Friends Service Committee".afsc.org. 25 July 2022. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  3. ^"Alfred Nobel's will".nobelprize.org. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  4. ^"Nomination and selection of Nobel laureates".nobelprize.org. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  5. ^"Do One Thing – Heroes for a Better World – AFSC's Nobel Nominees".doonething.org. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  6. ^abc"Criteria | Quakers and the Nobel Peace Prize".quakernobel.org. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  7. ^The asterisk (*) denote additional criteria considered by the AFSC Nominating Task Group.
  8. ^"Nomination archive".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  9. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiajakalamanaoapaqarasatauavaw"AFSC's Past Nobel Nominations".American Friends Service Committee. 15 August 2008. Archived from the original on 15 August 2008. Retrieved7 April 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  10. ^"Nomination of Lord (John) Boyd Orr of Brechin for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  11. ^ab"Nomination of André Trocmé and Wilhelm Mensching for Nobel Peace Prize".NobelPrize.org. Retrieved21 June 2022.
  12. ^ab"Nomination of André Trocmé (France) and Wilhelm Mensching (Germany) for the Nobel Peace Prize for 1950".media.digitalarkivet.no. Retrieved21 June 2022.
  13. ^"Nomination of Jawaharlal (Pandit) Nehru for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  14. ^"Nomination of Sir Bengal Rau for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  15. ^"Nomination of William O Douglas for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  16. ^"Nomination of Frank Porter Graham for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  17. ^"Nomination of Elisabeth Rotten for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  18. ^"Nomination of International Civil Service for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  19. ^"Nomination of Norman Cousins for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved5 March 2023.
  20. ^"Nomination of Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  21. ^"Nomination of Norman Cousins for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved5 March 2023.
  22. ^"Nomination archive – 1964 Martin Luther King".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  23. ^"Nomination of Norman Cousins for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved5 March 2023.
  24. ^ab"Nomination of Situ U Thant for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  25. ^"Nomination of U Thant for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  26. ^"Nomination of Danilo Dolci for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  27. ^"Nomination of International Fellowship of Reconciliation and Fellowship of Reconciliation (American chapter) for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  28. ^"Nomination of Cesar Chavez for Nobel Peace Prize".nobelprize.org. April 2020. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  29. ^"Ham Sok-hon".Quakers in the World. Retrieved10 March 2023.
  30. ^"HAM SOK-HON: The Korean Gandhi".mkgandhi.org. Retrieved10 March 2023.
  31. ^"Catholic opponent of death penalty nominated for Nobel Prize by Quakers".Tampa Bay Times. 27 February 1999. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  32. ^"U.S. Quaker Organization Nominates Treatment Action Campaign, Zackie Achmat for 2004 Nobel Peace Prize".Kaiser Health News. 2 December 2003. Retrieved1 February 2023.
  33. ^"AFSC Letter to Nobel Committee"(PDF).afsc.org. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  34. ^Trish Carn (16 March 2012)."Friends nominate Hawa Abdi for the Nobel Peace Prize".theFriend.org.
  35. ^"Nonviolence scholar nominated for 2013 Nobel Peace Prize".afsc.org. 25 February 2013. Archived fromthe original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved7 April 2025.
  36. ^"AFSC nominates Ugandan advocate for 2015 Nobel Peace Prize".AYINET.
  37. ^"Ugandan youth nominated for 2015 Nobel Peace Prize".Sudan Tribune. 17 February 2015.
  38. ^"Nonviolently Protecting Civilians".afsc.org. 11 March 2016.
  39. ^"Fellow nominee Christian Peacemaker Teams congratulate ICAN on winning the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize".Community Peacemaker Teams. 6 October 2017.
  40. ^"Search for Common Ground nominated for 2018 Nobel Peace Prize".sfcg.org. 13 March 2018. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  41. ^"2019 Nobel Peace Prize Nominee".afsc.org. 12 March 2019.
  42. ^"Quaker orgs announce Nobel Prize nominations".afsc.org. 19 February 2021. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  43. ^"Quaker group nominates Kenyan Dr. Miriam Were for Nobel Peace Prize".afsc.org. 28 February 2022. Retrieved15 March 2023.
  44. ^"Quaker groups nominate Florida Rights Restoration Coalition and National Council of Churches of Kenya for Nobel Peace Prize".afsc.org. 17 February 2023. Retrieved15 March 2023.

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