| Safeguarding programme of kobza and wheel lyre tradition | |
|---|---|
| Country | Ukraine |
| Reference | 02136 |
| Region | Europe and North America |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 2024 (19th session) |
| List | Good Safeguarding |
Thelirnyks (Ukrainian: лірник; plural: лірники – lirnyky) were itinerantUkrainian musicians who performed religious, historical and epic songs to the accompaniment of alira, the Ukrainian version of thehurdy-gurdy.
Lirnyks were similar to and belonged to the same guilds (tsekhs) as the better knownbandura andkobza players known askobzars. However, thelirnyk played the lira, a kind of crank-driven hurdy-gurdy, while the kobzars played the lute-like banduras or kobzas. Lirnyks were usually blind or had some major disability.
They were active in all areas of Ukraine from (at least) the 17th century on. Though the tradition was violently ended in Eastern/Central Ukraine in the mid-1930s,[2] some lirnyks were seen in the regions of Western Ukraine until the 1970s and even the 1980s.
Today, the repertoire of the instrument is mostly performed by educated, sighted performers. Notable performers of the lira includeMykhailo Khai,Vadym "Yarema" Shevchuk,Volodymyr Kushpet andAndrii Liashuk.
In 2024, the Safeguarding programme ofkobza and wheel lyre tradition was inscribed on theUNESCORegister of Good Safeguarding Practices.[3]
