 The Lion of Al-lāt, 2010 | |
 Interactive map of Lion of Al-lāt | |
| Location | Temple of Al-Lat,Palmyra,Syria |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 34°33′15″N38°16′00″E / 34.5542°N 38.2667°E /34.5542; 38.2667 |
| Material | Limestone |
| Height | 3.5 m (11 ft) |
| Completion date | c. 1st century |
| Dismantled date | 27 June 2015 (byISIL) |
TheLion of Al-lāt (Arabic:أسد اللات) is an ancient statue that adorned theTemple of Al-Lat inPalmyra,Syria. On 27 June 2015, it wasseverely damaged by the ISIL after itcaptured Palmyra.[1] The statue was removed to theNational Museum of Damascus and underwent reconstruction work, and now stands again.[2]
The statue, of a lion holding a crouching gazelle, was made fromlimestoneashlars in the early first century AD and measured 3.5 m (11 ft) in height,[3] weighing 15 tonnes.[1] The lion was regarded as the consort of Al-lāt.[3] The gazelle symbolized Al-lāt's tender and loving traits, as bloodshed was not permitted under penalty of Al-lāt's retaliation.[4] The lion's left paw had a partially damagedPalmyrene inscription (PAT 1122) which reads:tbrk ʾ[lt] (Al-lāt will bless)mn dy lʾyšd (whoever will not shed)dm ʿl ḥgbʾ (blood in the sanctuary).[5]
The statue was discovered in 1977 by a group of Polish archeologists from thePolish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology of the University of Warsaw (PCMA UW) working under Prof. Michał Gawlikowski.[6][7] The lion of Al-lāt was the basis for the PCMA UW logo design.[8] The statue was found in pieces, having been reused in antiquity for the temple's foundation.[6] Subsequently, it was decided to reassemble the pieces in front of the entrance to the Palmyra Museum. The task was undertaken by restorerJózef Gazy. In 2005, it underwent restoration to eliminate problems from assemblage.[6] Ultimately, the piece was restored in imitation of its original intended appearance – a relief jumping out from a wall.[6] During theSyrian Civil War the statue was shielded with a metal plate and sandbags to protect it from fighting.[1]
On 27 June 2015, it was severely damaged by theIslamic State of Iraq and the Levant after thecapture of Palmyra.[1] After the liberation of Palmyra by the Syrian army, Syria's director-general of antiquities and museums Maamoun Abdulkarim declared that the pieces were still in place and it should be possible to reconstruct.[9] The statue was moved to Damascus in 2016, where it underwent complete restoration.[10] On 1 October 2017, it was fully restored, and is currently on display in theNational Museum of Damascus, until safety is assured in Palmyra to move it there again.[2]
