Montero Lamar Hill (born April 9, 1999), better known by his stage nameLil Nas X (/nɑːz/NAHZ), is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. He rose to prominence with the release of his 2018country rap single "Old Town Road," the longest-running number-one song (at19 weeks) since the U.S.Billboard Hot 100's 1958 inception.[3] Simultaneously, hecame out asgay, the only artist to do so while having a number-one record.[4]
Montero Lamar Hill was born inAtlanta, Georgia on April 9, 1999.[1][2][10] He was named after theMitsubishi Montero.[11] His parents divorced when he was six,[12] and he settled in theBankhead Courtshousing project in theBankhead neighborhood ofAtlanta with his mother and grandmother. Three years later, he moved in with his father, a gospel singer,[12] north of the city inAustell. Although initially reluctant to leave, he later regarded it as an important decision, "There's so much shit going on in Atlanta—if I would have stayed there, I would have fallen in with the wrong crowd."[13] He started "using the Internet heavily right around the time whenmemes started to become their own form of entertainment"; about when he was 13.[14]
He spent much of his teenage years alone, and turned to creating memes on the internet.[12] His teenage years also saw him struggling with hiscoming out to himself as being gay; he prayed that it was just a phase,[15][16] but around 16 or 17 he came to accept it.[17] He began playing trumpet in the fourth grade and was first chair by his junior high years, but quit out of fear of looking uncool.[18]
Hill said he began to isolate himself from "outside-of-class activities" during his teenage years. He spent large amounts of time online in hopes of building a following as aninternet personality to promote his work, but he was unsure what to focus on creatively. In aRolling Stone interview he stated, "I was doing Facebook comedy videos, then I moved over to Instagram, and then I hopped on Twitter ... where I really was a master. That was the first place where I could go viral."[22] He also posted short-format comedy videos on Facebook andVine.[13]
During this period, he reportedly created and ranNicki Minaj fan accounts on Twitter, including one called "@NasMaraj", according to aNew York Magazine investigation.[23][24] In 2017, this account gained attention for itsflash fiction-style interactive "scenario threads" popularized on Twitter using dashboard appTweetDeck.[25][26][23] The investigation linked @NasMaraj to the practice of "Tweetdecking", or using multiple accounts in collaboration to artificially make certain tweets go viral. The @NasMaraj account was suspended by Twitter due to "violating spam policies".[23] After the suspension of @NasMaraj,New York Magazine's investigation concluded that he subsequently opened a new account with handle "@NasMarai", and that his current Twitter account at the time was a repurposed version of that "@NasMarai" account with a changed handle.[23] After media reports linked Lil Nas X to the Minaj fan accounts, he called the reports a "misunderstanding", effectively denying having run the accounts.[27][28] However, in May 2020, Lil Nas X admitted, in a tweet, to being a fan of Minaj. He explained why he initially denied it, stating that if people knew he was a fan of hers, they would think he was gay: "People will assume if you had an entire fan page dedicated to nicki u are gay. and the rap/music industry ain't exactly built or accepting of gay men yet". On June 17, 2020, Minaj responded to Nas, tweeting "It was a bit of a sting when you denied being a barb, but I understand. Congratulations on building up your confidence to speak your truth". Lil Nas apologized to Minaj, saying he "felt so bad, hoping u wouldn't see my denial".[29] The @NasMarai account was later mentioned in aNew York Times Magazine article, which described Hill as having spent "every waking hour online, tweeting as @nasmaraj".[30] It is also referenced in the music video for "Sun Goes Down", which shows Lil Nas X's many struggles growing up as a closeted teen and embracing his sexuality; he is seen tweeting while in high school from an account named "nasmiraj" as the lyrics "I'd be by the phone, stanning Nicki morning into dawn" play.[31]
Sometime in the year 2018, Hill landed on music as a path to success, and started writing and recording songs in his closet.[12] He adopted the name Lil Nas X, which is a tribute to the rapperNas.[32] On July 24, 2018, Lil Nas released his first mixtapeNasarati onSoundCloud, though it was not received with immediate fame;Nasarati would be removed from streaming services soon after the release ofOld Town Road due to a copyright conflict and therefore would never gain significant traction.[33] In late October 2018, he happened to hear the beat that would become "Old Town Road".[12]
On December 3, 2018, Lil Nas X released thecountry rap song "Old Town Road".[a] He bought thebeat for the song anonymously on beat-selling platformBeatStars fromDutch producerYoungKio for $30;[46][47] it samplesNine Inch Nails' track "34 Ghosts IV" from their sixth studio albumGhosts I–IV (2008).[48] He recorded at a "humble" Atlanta studio, CinCoYo, on their "$20 Tuesdays", taking less than an hour.[49] Lil Nas X began creating memes to promote "Old Town Road" before it was picked up byTikTok users.[10][50] TikTok encourages its 500 million global users to "endless imitation", with videos generating copies usually using the same music; the "app's frantic churn of content [...] acts as a potent incubator for viral music hits."[51] Lil Nas X estimated he made about 100memes to promote the song;[12] it went viral in early 2019 due to the #Yeehaw Challenge meme on TikTok. Millions of users posted videos of themselves dressed as awrangler or cowgirl, with most #yeehaw videos using the song for their soundtrack. As of July 2019, these videos have been viewed more than 67 million times.[10] Another core audience tied to social media is children who are hidden in the statistics of adult listeners.[52] Quartz.com says the song certainly owes part of its success to the demographic, and notes they are attracted to the song being repetitive, easy to sing along to, and using lyrics about riding horses and tractors, which children can relate to.[52] The track debuted at number 83 on theBillboard Hot 100 chart, later climbing to number one.[53][54] It also debuted on theHot Country Songs chart at number 19 andHot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs at number 36.[55] After an "intense bidding war", Lil Nas X signed withColumbia Records in March 2019.[10]Billboard controversially removed the song from the Hot Country songs chart in March 2019, tellingRolling Stone:
When determining genres, a few factors are examined, but first and foremost is a musical composition. While "Old Town Road" incorporates references to country and cowboy imagery, it does not embrace enough elements of today's country music to chart in its current version.[56]
InRobert Christgau's opinion, "Taking 'Old Town Road' off the country chart strikes me as racist pure and simple, becausecountry radio remains racist regardless of theDarius Ruckers andKane Browns it makes room for."[57] AnotherBillboard spokesperson toldGenius, "Billboard's decision to take the song off of the country chart had absolutely nothing to do with the race of the artist."[56] Despite being removed from the main Country Songs chart, the song charted onBillboard'sCountry Airplay chart, debuting at 53,[58] and peaking at 50.[59] In response,Sony Music Nashville CEO Randy Goodman toldBillboard that his team started testing the song in some country radio markets, adding "it would be negligent not to look at it".[58] In May 2019, the issues of racism in country music culture came up again whenWrangler announced its Lil Nas X collection, and some consumers threatened a boycott.[60] Media outlets also noted that the song brings attention to the historic cultural erasure of African-Americans from bothcountry music and theAmerican frontier era.[61][62][63][64]
In April 2019, country music starBilly Ray Cyrus was featured on a remix of "Old Town Road", the first of several.[65][b] That same month, Lil Nas X brokeDrake's record for the most U.S. streams from one song in one week with 143 million streams for the week ending April 11, surpassing Drake's "In My Feelings" which had 116.2 million streams in a week in July 2018;[70] as of August 2019 it hasstreamed over a billion plays onSpotify alone.[12] In May 2019, the video was released and as of August 2019, has over 370 million views.[67][71]NBC News's Michael Arceneaux wrote, "In the social media age, Lil Nas X is arguably the first micro-platform crossover star."[72]
"Panini" was released as Lil Nas X's second single throughColumbia Records on June 20, 2019.[73][74] It is named after the fictionalcabbit bear of the same name in the animated television seriesChowder,[75] and does not refer tothe sandwich of the same name. In September 2019, "Panini" had its first remix released with rapperDaBaby.[76] Lil Nas X released his secondextended play, titled7, on June 21, 2019.[77][non-primary source needed][78] The EP debuted at number two on theBillboard 200 chart.[79] On June 23, 2019, Lil Nas X performed with Cyrus at the2019 BET Awards.[80] On June 30, Lil Nas X made his international debut at the largest greenfield festival in the world, the UK's annualGlastonbury Festival, when he and Billy Ray Cyrus made a surprise appearance and joinedMiley Cyrus for the song, before performing "Panini" solo in a set seen nationally onBBC.[81] On the same day, Lil Nas X became one of the most visible Blackqueer male singers when hecame out as gay.[82] This was especially significant for an artist in the country and hip hop genres, both of which emphasizemachismo and "historically snubbed queer artists".[82][c][d]Rolling Stone premiered theRolling Stone Top 100 in early July with three Lil Nas X songs: "Rodeo" withCardi B at number nine; "Panini" at four; and "Old Town Road" as the first-ever number-one song on the chart.[84][e]
On August 19, 2019, Lil Nas X opened for Katy Perry at a concert Amazon held for its employees to celebrate its Prime Day sale.[85]
2020–2021:Montero
On July 7, 2020, Lil Nas X revealed that his debut album was "almost finished". He also stated that he was working on amixtape, and invited producers to submit their beats for his new music.[86] On November 8, 2020, he announced a new single, "Holiday", which was released on November 13.[87] OnRoblox, a virtual concert was held to promote Lil Nas X's single, with Lil Nas X-related items in the game's avatar shop.[88] The single debuted at 37 on theBillboard Hot 100, while the song's music video accumulated tens of millions of views within the first several weeks of release.
In January 2021, he released a children's book,C Is for Country.[89] The following month, he previewed his new song, "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)" in aSuper Bowl LV commercial.[90] The song was officially released on March 26, 2021, along with an accompanying music video.[91] On the same day, Lil Nas X revealed that his debut album would be namedMontero, and that it would be released in mid-2021.[92][non-primary source needed] The video prompted strong reactions. The song was seen by many as a valuable expression ofqueerness, though prominent conservative and Christian figures accused Lil Nas X ofsacrilege anddevil worship.[93][94] Despite the controversy, "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)", debuted at number one on theBillboard Hot 100, becoming Lil Nas X's second chart-topping single and third top-ten single.
On March 29, 2021, Lil Nas X partnered with New York-based art collectiveMSCHF to release a modified pair ofNike Air Max 97s calledSatan Shoes, which may be seen on Satan's feet in the music video used to promote the release of "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)".[95][96] The shoes are black and red with a bronze pentagram, filled with "60cc and 1 drop of human blood". Only666 pairs were made at a price of $1,018.Nike said they were uninvolved in the creation and promotion of the shoes and did not endorse the messages of Lil Nas X or MSCHF.[97] The company filed a trademark lawsuit against MSCHF in New York federal court. On April 1, the judge issued a temporary restraining order blocking the sale and distribution of the shoes pending a preliminary injunction.[98] Lil Nas X responded to the lawsuit with ameme on Twitter showing himself as the characterSquidward, homeless and asking for money.[99] Later, he released a prelude video for the song "Industry Baby", which stages a fake "Nike vs. Lil Nas X" trial in the Supreme Court, during which people discuss theSatan Shoes before condemning the singer for being gay.[100]
Following the controversies surrounding his previous song and its promotion, Lil Nas X released the more introspective single "Sun Goes Down" on May 21, 2021,[101] wherein he reflects on his struggles with bullying and coming to terms with his homosexuality in his upbringing.[102] He performed the song alongside "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)" atSaturday Night Live a day later, where he suffered awardrobe malfunction during apole dance routine when the seam of his trousers split, leaving him unable to finish it properly.[103] On June 29, Lil Nas posted a promotional video of his debut album, ending it withMontero, the Album. He also posted a snippet of a previously teased track called "Industry Baby".[104] The song was released as a single on July 23, featuring rapperJack Harlow, with production byKanye West andTake a Daytrip.[105] The song debuted at number two on theBillboard Hot 100 and reached number one on the chart for the ending week of October 23, 2021, becoming Lil Nas X's fourth top-ten single and third number one.
On September 17, 2021,Montero was released, along with its fourth single, "Thats What I Want".[106][107] On October 23, 2021, Lil Nas X made a surprise appearance atDiplo's set at Electronic Daisy Carnival Las Vegas. During the appearance he performed "Industry Baby", "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)", and "Old Town Road".[108]
On April 26, 2022, he announced his firstconcert tour, theLong Live Montero Tour. The tour was in support ofMontero, and began in September 2022 and ran through January 2023.[109]
On March 16, 2022, Lil Nas X returned from his hiatus, and teased two songs from his "almost finished" new album, "Late to da Party" featuringYoungBoy Never Broke Again, and "Down Souf Hoes" featuringSaucy Santana.[110] He also posted a preview of the track "Lean on My Body".[111] "Late to da Party" was eventually released as a single on June 24, 2022.[112][113][114][non-primary source needed] Lil Nas X said that the album would be "something fun, something for the summertime, something for the girls to get ready and party to".[115]
On hisLong Live Montero Tour, Lil Nas X performed his then-unreleased single "Star Walkin'" and the intro to "Down Souf Hoes". On September 15, 2022,Riot Games, the developers of the video gameLeague of Legends, announced a collaboration with Lil Nas X for the2022 League of Legends World Championship through a press release, where they also declared him to be "President of League of Legends", in whatKotaku journalist Isaiah Colbert called a publicity stunt.[116][117] The anthem for the tournament, "Star Walkin'", was released on September 22 with an accompanying animated music video.[118] He performed the song at the opening ceremony of the tournament on November 5. Additionally, a custom outfit for a playable character in the game co-designed by Lil Nas X was temporarily made available in November.[116]
On October 19, 2022, Lil Nas X invited Saucy Santana on his tour to perform the intro of "Down Souf Hoes" with an additional previously unheard verse.[119] On March 17, 2023, Lil Nas X performed an extended play of the intro of the song during hisLollapalooza Chile performance.[120]
Lil Nas X: Long Live Montero, a documentary film byCarlos López Estrada and Zac Manuel, premiered at the2023 Toronto International Film Festival.[121] The premiere was delayed by roughly half an hour because of abomb threat from a caller who supposedly targeted Lil Nas X for being a black queer artist.[122] However, according to a spokesperson for the festival, "To our knowledge, this was a general threat and not directed at the film or the artist." The threat was ultimately proven to not be credible.[123]
On January 3, 2024, Lil Nas X announced the single "J Christ", which was released on January 12.[124] The release massively underperformed, debuting and peaking at number 69 on theBillboard Hot 100 marking his first lead single to not reach number one on the chart. The single only managed to chart for one week before departing the chart.[125] His next single, "Where Do We Go Now", was released on January 26, 2024 to accompany the streaming release of the documentaryLil Nas X: Long Live Montero.[126] In March, Lil Nas X released a song he had been teasing on social media titled "Light Again" to his soundcloud without his label Columbia's permission, to which he added "might get in trouble for releasing this song without [my] label’s permission" on X.[127] Lil Nas X was featured onCamila Cabello's single "He Knows" which was released on May 10, 2024.[128]
Following the underperformance of "J Christ", Lil Nas X retreated from the new era he had been teasing. On November 11, 2024, he announced the beginning of his new album cycle titledDreamboy through a visual teaser on his social media accounts, announcing the release of "Light Again" as a single.[129] "Light Again" was released as an official single on November 15, 2024. He followed it up with "Need Dat Boy" a week later, with both singles failing to chart on theBillboard Hot 100 and other major charts.[125]
In March 2025, Lil Nas X begun the rollout for his new single, releasing four promotional singles everyday in the lead up to its release. "Dreamboy", "Big Dummy", "Swish", "Right There!" all released that week with a visualizer withbarbiepink inspired imagery present as well as all featuring the rapper in a pink doll box on the covers.[130][131] "Hotbox" was released on March 14, 2025.[132]
Lil Nas X's success caused him to become the first person of color and the first openly gay performer to be listed byForbes in its annual Highest-Paid Country Acts List.[149][150]Ken Burns, who produced thePBS documentaryCountry Music, noted,
"Well, to me, Lil Nas X is mymic drop moment. We spend eight episodes and sixteen and a half hours talking about the fact that country music has never been one thing. ... And there's a huge African American influence, and it permeates throughout the whole story. ... And here we are in a new modern age that we're not touching, with all these classic, binary arguments aboutBillboard not listing ['Old Town Road'] on the country chart, and it turns out to be not just the No. 1 country hit but the No. 1single, period, and it's by a black gay rapper! ... It just is proving that all of those cycles that we have been reporting on across the decades—all of the tensions in country music of race, class, poverty, gender, creativity versus commerce, geography—are still going on."[151]
Lil Nas X has been noted for his public fashions; in July 2019,Vogue noted Lil Nas X as a "master" at giving the cowboyaesthetic a glam look in his appearances and onInstagram.[157] Hisstylist, Hodo Musa, says he aims for items that are "electric, playful, colorful, and futuristic."[158] For his onstage look at the2019 MTV Video Music Awards he wore a cowboy motif cherry-redNudie suit.[159]Wrangler, which is mentioned in the "Old Town Road" lyrics, has consistently sold out of Lil Nas X co-branded fashions.[160]
In August 2021, Lil Nas X commented "Nah he tweakin" on anInstagram post aboutTony Hawk selling skateboards painted with paint that contained his blood. It became aviral phenomenon for the next few days.[163][164] In 2022, he was criticized for repeatedly grabbing his genitals, and placing his microphone at the center of his crotch and swinging it around, pretending the device was hispenis, during his performance at the64th Annual Grammy Awards.[165][166]
In May 2023, Lil Nas X attended theMet Gala wearing only silver body paint, athong, and high-heeled platform shoes, with his face covered withrhinestones. His look was inspired by the late German fashion iconKarl Lagerfeld's cat Choupette.[167]
In the lead-up to the release of his albumMontero, he hosted a fundraiser for several charities focused on AIDS/HIV prevention in the Southern US. The project raised nearly half a million dollars by March 2022.[168]
Personal life
Coming out
In early June 2019, Lil Nas Xcame out to his sister and father and he felt "the universe was signalling him to do so", despite his uncertainty whether his fans would stick by him or not.[12] On June 30, 2019, the last day ofPride Month, Lil Nas X came out publicly as gay.[169][170] Histweet confirmed earlier suspicions when he first indicated this in his track "c7osure".Rolling Stone noted the song "touches on themes such as coming clean, growing up and embracing one's self".[171] The next day he tweeted again, this time highlighting therainbow-colored building on the cover art ofhis EP7, with the caption reading "deadass thought i made it obvious".[172][173] He was unambiguous in an interview several days later onBBC Breakfast, where he stated that he was gay and understands that his sexuality is not readily accepted in the country or rap music communities.[174]
The response to the news was mostly positive, but also garnered a large amount ofhomophobic backlash on social media, to which Lil Nas X also reacted.[173][175] The backlash also came from the hip hop community, drawing attention tohomophobia in hip hop culture.[175][176] In January 2020, rapperPastor Troy made homophobic comments on the outfit Lil Nas X wore during theGrammy Awards, to which Lil Nas X responded: "Damn I look good in that pic on god."[177]
In January 2023, Lil Nas X tweeted a statement suggesting he was "a littlebisexual."[178][179][180] The next day he tweeted "that was my last time coming out the closet i promise".[181][182] In November 2023, he tweeted that he was "still gay."[183]
Religion
Lil Nas X stated in September 2021 that he was an atheist "at one point," but is now "a veryspiritual person in terms of the Universe, how everything works."[184] In December 2023, he wrote that he was entering his "Christian era".[185]
Politics
Lil Nas X endorsedKamala Harris for the 2024 US presidential election.[186]
Lil Nas X scored three number-one singles on theBillboard Hot 100 chart. In early July 2019, "Old Town Road" achieved its 13th week at the top spot on theBillboard 100, becoming thefirst hip hop song to do so.[190][f] It is also the first song to sell 10 million copies while in the top spot.[67][190] On its 15th week at the top, Lil Nas X became the firstopenly gay artist to have a song last as long, overtakingElton John's 1997Double A-Side—where both sides of therecord are promoted as hits, "Candle in the Wind 1997"/"Something About the Way You Look Tonight".[4] At 19 weeks at number one, Lil Nas X holds the record for the most weeks since the chart was first introduced in 1958.[3][g] As of August 2019[update], the song has also charted 19 weeks atop theHot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart;[3] beating a three-way tie record.[192][h] At 19 weeks at the top of theHot Rap Songs chart the song has also beaten a three-way tie.[3][i] By November 2019, the song wasDiamond Certified, moving a combined sales and streaming 10 million units.[196]
Time named him as one of the 25 most influential people on the Internet in 2019, for his "global impact on social media" and "overall ability to drive news".[197] In 2020, he was named on theForbes30 Under 30 list.[8] In 2021, he appeared on theTime 100,Time's annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world.[9] On September 1, 2021, The Trevor Project announced that Lil Nas X is the recipient of its inaugural Suicide Prevention Advocate of the Year award.[198]
^The single's second official remix, "Old Town Road" (Diplo Remix), was released on April 29, 2019, featuring additional production by American DJDiplo.[66] Mid-July 2019, an official remix of "Old Town Road" was released adding rapperYoung Thug, and yodelerMason Ramsey, to Billy Ray Cyrus.[67] In late July 2019, another remix called "Seoul Town Road" was released featuring South Korean rapperRM of the boybandBTS.[68]Billboard counts all the versions of the song in the same total.[69]
^Rap is full ofgay slurs like "sus", "No homo", and "Pause" using "queerness as a punchline".[82]
^TheRolling Stone Top 100 tracks "the most popular songs of the week in the United States"; ranked by combining streams and sales, omitting radio plays.[84]
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