Jonathan H. Smith[1] (born January 17, 1971),[2] better known by his stage nameLil Jon, is an American rapper and record producer. Regarded as a progenitor of the club-orientedhip-hop subgenrecrunk, his production and voice presence were instrumental in the genre's commercial breakthrough in the early 2000s.[3] He was also the front man of the group Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz, with whom he has released five albums.[4][5][6]
Smith was born inAtlanta,Georgia, and raised in a middle-class neighborhood located inSouthwest Atlanta. He is the oldest of five children born to his father, an aerospace engineer with former military service, and his mother, with a medical career within the military. Three of his siblings would later follow their parents' lead and also serve in the United States military.[3]
Smith attended Beecher Hills Elementary School and Southwest Middle School, both located within theAtlanta Public Schools district.[14] His mother described him as a high achiever early on in addition to being independent and a passionate reader.[14] While in middle school, Smith became lifelong friends with Robert McDowell, Dwayne "Emperor" Searcy (future DJ and radio personality forRadio One'sWHTA),[15] and Vince Phillips (named as one ofBillboard's Top Music Lawyers since 2020),[16][17][18][19] who would become business partners. The foursome quickly became immersed in theskateboarding culture and would later work at Skate Escape, a popular skate and bicycle shop near the city's iconicPiedmont Park. While his best friends attendedBenjamin E. Mays High School, Smith attendedFrederick Douglass High School for theirmagnet program and was a member of the marching band.[3] They also began to frequently attend concerts atthe Masquerade, to see their favorite bands, includingAgent Orange andRed Hot Chili Peppers.[14]
At the age of 15, Smith taught himself how toDJ,[3] and although his parents were strict, they gave him a chance to work on his DJ skills by allowing him to have house parties in the basement of the family home, citing that they would rather have him under their watch than for him to "be in the street somewhere wilding out".[20] The parties, hosted by Smith and Searcy, "Old Eng and Chicken Wing" became popular with local teens. In addition to working at the skate shop, Smith also began spinning at house parties and working in localdance clubs as a DJ.[3] Eventually, Smith became an in-house DJ at Phoenix, a popular Atlanta nightclub at the time. It was there he would meet established music artists such asJermaine Dupri,TLC,the Notorious B.I.G.,Craig Mack, andMary J. Blige.[21]
After graduating from high school, Lil Jon continued to work as a DJ in popular downtown Atlanta clubs;[3] it was there he metJermaine Dupri. When it came to hiring anA&R to lead his Atlanta-based record labelSo So Def Recordings, Dupri stated that "All I could think about was Lil Jon, because he was the person in the clubs. He knew people, DJs knew him. I had to hire him."
After he was promoted to Executive Vice President of A&R, Lil Jon recruitedDJ Smurf,Shawty Redd,Raheem the Dream, and Playa Poncho with others to create the compilation album series,So So Def Bass All-Stars as his first project.[22] Released on May 12, 1996, the album was a success, selling over 500,000 units and was certified gold by theRIAA on September 19, 1996, four months after its initial release.[23] The album, executive produced by Lil Jon, included the hit single "My Boo" byGhost Town DJ's.[24] It was sampled byCiara in her 2013 hit single "Body Party".[25] In 2016, 20 years after its initial release, the song re-entered theBillboard Hot 100 chart at number 29 due to a viral dance video.[26] Lil Jon completed the series, releasingSo So Def Bass All-Stars Vol. II (1997)[27] andSo So Def Bass All-Stars Vol. III (1998).[28]
Apart from his label commitments, Lil Jon was a radio personality and DJ on Atlanta radio station,V-103,[29] continued to produce music for outside music artists, and was still working as a DJ at popular clubs around the city.[3]
In 1995, Lil Jon collaborated with Big Sam and Lil' Bo to form a rap group: Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz.[30]
In 1996, the group released their debut single, "Who U Wit?". The song is credited as bringing the term "crunk" into hip-hop currency.[3] In 1997, the group released their debut albumGet Crunk, Who U Wit: Da Album. The singles, "Who U Wit" and "Shawty Freak a Lil Sumtin'", charted on theHot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart at number 70 and number 62, respectively.[31]
In 2000, through the newly created label Black Market, the group released their breakthrough albumWe Still Crunk!!, which featured the single "I Like Dem Girlz", which reached number 55 on theBillboard R&B chart and number 3 on theBillboardHot Rap Tracks chart.[31]
Bryan Leach, formerly an A&R executive at the now defunct New York-based labelTVT Records, heard about the group and attended their Atlanta show. He was blown away by the group's immense energy. Leach toldHitQuarters: "It was like earlyBeastie Boys, when they had the energy of arock group but they were rapping and it was just so different. Jon and I even referred to Lil Jon & The East Side Boyz as the black Beastie Boys because that energy is what crunk music is all about."[32] By 2002, Leach signed Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz to TVT Records with Black Market delivering the albums to the label. The group released the albumPut Yo Hood Up, which combined previously released tracks with new ones. "Bia' Bia'" (featuringLudacris,Too Short,Big Kap, andChyna Whyte) was the group's first single to be played nationally.[2] "Bia' Bia'" peaked at number 97 on theBillboard Hot 100 and number 47 on theBillboard R&B chart.[31] The album was certified gold by the RIAA in June 2002.[33]
In 2002, the group released their sophomore studio album under the labelKings of Crunk with the song "I Don't Give a Fuck" (featuringMystikal andKrayzie Bone) as the first single. It peaked at number 50 on theBillboard R&B chart.[31] The group's next single, "Get Low" (featuringYing Yang Twins), became popular in nightclubs nationwide; it reached the top ten on theBillboard Hot 100.[31] The album was certified multi-platinum by the RIAA in August 2004.[33] The song was also featured inNeed for Speed: Underground, which plays in the main menu as well as gameplay. In 2003, the group releasedPart II, a remix album of previously released singles with a two new songs.
In 2004, Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz released what would be the group's last studio album,Crunk Juice. The lead single "What U Gon' Do" (featuringLil Scrappy) peaked at number 22 on theBillboard Hot 100, number 13 on theBillboard R&B chart, and number 5 on theBillboard Rap chart. The second single, "Lovers and Friends" (featuringUsher and Ludacris), peaked at number 3 on theBillboard Hot 100, number 2 on theBillboard R&B Chart, and number 1 on theBillboard Rap chart.[31] The album was certified multi-platinum in January 2005, two months after it was released.[33] In 2005, after releasing six studio albums together and amidst ongoing creative and financial conflicts with TVT, the group disbanded.
In 2006, Lil Jon, in an attempt to fulfill his obligations to TVT, released the single "Snap Yo Fingers" (featuringE-40 andSean P). The song peaked at number 7 on theBillboard Hot 100 and was certified platinum on November 22, 2006.[4] After the song was released, Lil Jon vowed to never to record for TVT Records again.[34] In 2008, TVT Records, embroiled in legal battles, filed forChapter 11 bankruptcy.[35]
Lil Jon said that "after the crunk era, I was fried from producing so much," eventually rediscovering a passion for performing as a DJ after discovering DJ Spider. This led to him meetingSteve Aoki, with whom he teamed up alongsideLaidback Luke to record the song "Turbulence", released on May 14, 2011,[40] as adigital download in the United Kingdom and was released on July 17, 2011, as an EP. Theradio edit version of the song was included on thebonus track version of Aoki's debut albumWonderland. The song is also the current official goal song for theToronto Maple Leafs.
In 2013, Lil Jon collaborated withDJ Snake and released "Turn Down for What" onColumbia Records. The song reached number 1 onBillboard'sRhythmic andHot Dance/Electronic Songs charts, number 2 on theDance/Mix Show Airplay chart, number 4 on the Hot 100, and number 5 on theMainstream Top 40. The song has had significant use in media and was certified 6× platinum by the RIAA.[41] Lil Jon also partnered withZumba Fitness to create a new nightclub tour titled "Zumba Nightclub Series" and for the Zumba Fitness series, he released a new song called "Work".
Lil Jon released two albums ofguided meditation in 2024. His first album of guided meditations,Total Meditation, was released on February 16, 2024.[58] His second album of guided meditations,Manifest Abundance: Affirmations of Personal Growth, was released on May 10.[59] Lil Jon's goal with these guided meditations is to help people find peace and worry less by developing a new way of thinking through meditation. Lil Jon meditates daily with affirmations.[59]
Lil Jon founded wellness brand Soul Chakra in 2024. The brand offers a range of products and services aimed at promoting holistic well-being, including crystals, apparel, and guided meditation albums.[60]
Jason Birchmeier ofAllMusic has described Lil Jon's production as "bass-heavy", and his albumPut Yo Hood Up as having "a long and varied list of guest rappers to accompany the beats". Describing that album with guest performers, Birchmeier remarked: "The end result is an album that resembles a street-level mixtape rather than a traditional artist-oriented album".[61]
Lil Jon was specifically influenced by2 Live Crew,8Ball & MJG,Three 6 Mafia,Outkast,Geto Boys,UGK,N.W.A,DJ Toomp,Dr. Dre, andSir Mix-a-Lot. Alex Henderson, also of AllMusic, contrasted Lil Jon's style of "rowdy, in-your-face, profanity-filled party music" with other Southern rappers, those who "have a gangsta/thug life agenda" and those who convey "serious sociopolitical messages".[62] Lil Jon has also found influence in rock music, having worked withRick Rubin andKorn.[63] He expresses this influence in his aggressive delivery and 'yelling' style of rap. He was seen onVH1's 100 Greatest Artists of All-Time program wearing aBad Brains T-shirt, and he used to listen toLynyrd Skynyrd while growing up in the South in the 1970s.
In 1998 with then girlfriend Nicole his son Nathan (known as DJ Young Slade) was born.[64] In 2004 he and Nicole married in Puerto Rico;[65] they amicably separated in 2022. Lil Jon has stated that one of his greatest joys is seeing everything come full circle with his son, who has been DJing since the age of 11.[66]
Lil Jon has worked to help children in underdeveloped countries gain access to a proper education. He has helped to fund two schools in the village of Mafi Atitekpo inGhana, in partnership with the charityPencils of Promise. The first, Abomayaw D.A. Kindergarten, opened in October 2017. The second school, Mafi Atitekpo DA Primary School, broke ground in January 2018 and will enroll 313 children.[75] In 2019, Pencils of Promise honored both Lil Jon andTrevor Noah in recognition of their charitable efforts at the charity's annual gala.[76]
In 2018, a 16-year-old student of Douglass High School reached out to rapper and alumnusKiller Mike viaInstagram in a last-chance attempt to raise money to cover expenses for the school marching band to travel toNew Orleans to march in the annualMardi Gras parade. To his surprise, Killer Mike not only responded positively, but also enlisted the help of fellow alumni Lil Jon andT.I. They and donors covered the trip for the students.[77]
Broadcast Music Inc. awards honor songwriters and publishers for their accomplishments inR&B andhip-hop. The award was previously named BMI Urban Award.[86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94]
^"Still, The King of Crunk".L'Officiel. Chalk Media FZ LLC under license from Jalou Media Group. Archived fromthe original on January 13, 2022. RetrievedJanuary 13, 2022.