Construction began in 2013 when theVehicular Security Center was completed.[1] Liberty Park is located on top of the Vehicular Security Center, the latter of which protects the site against unauthorized vehicles. The parking facility is linked to theconcourse area, which feeds the entire 16-acreWorld Trade Center site.[2] About $50 million was allocated to the park's construction by thePort Authority of New York and New Jersey in December 2013.[3] The park opened on June 29, 2016.[4][5] On August 16, 2017, thePort Authority installedThe Sphere within the park, overlooking its original location.[6]
The park has a capacity of 750 people and is the roof of the Vehicular Security Center. A "living wall", measuring 336 feet (102 m) long and 20 feet (6.1 m) tall, is located on the park's northernfacade adjoining Liberty Street.[7] It contains 826 panels, upon which are attached "periwinkle, Japanese spurge, winter creeper, sedge and Baltic ivy",[8] A walkway from the pedestrian bridge curves along the park. Egresses include three stairways, the pedestrian bridge, and a straight ramp down toGreenwich Street. One of these stairs, a wide staircase is located on the east side of the park, between Greenwich Street to the east and the back of the church to the west. There are wood benches and a smallamphitheater-like elevated space at the western end of the park, facingWest Street. Finally, there is a "continuous overlook" along much of Liberty Street in addition to "a gently curving balcony" at the church's foot.[8] A sapling from theAnne Frank tree is located alongside the ramp at the southeastern corner of Liberty Park.[7]
View of the park from in front of the St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church
The Sphere, a large cast bronze sculpture by German artistFritz Koenig, had stood inAustin J. Tobin Plaza between theWorld Trade Center towers inManhattan. Recovered from the rubble after theSeptember 11 attacks in 2001, whole but visibly damaged,The Sphere was re-erected in Battery Park, near the Hope Garden.[13] When construction began to restore Battery Park's Lawn, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ), which ownsThe Sphere, considered placing the sculpture in Liberty Park, which will be located between the 90 West Street building and theWorld Trade Center Memorial site. Construction on Liberty Park did not start until 2013, so a location was needed to placeThe Sphere until Liberty Park was completed. As of February 2011[update], PANYNJ had not made an official final decision on where to place the sculpture once Battery Park construction commences, forcing the sculpture to move. Until Liberty Park opened,The Sphere was to go into storage.[14][15]
When Liberty Park opened in June 2016, the question had not been resolved.[16] On July 22, 2016, the Port Authority voted to move the sculpture to Liberty Park,[17][18] and in August 2017, PANYNJ relocated the sculpture to Liberty Park.[19] On September 6, 2017, the Sphere was unveiled in its permanent home in Liberty Park, overlooking the World Trade Center site.[20][21]
TheAmerica's Response Monument, a life-and-a-half scale bronze statue commemorating the actions ofU.S. Special Operations Forces in the first few weeks of theWar in Afghanistan, was unveiled to the public during the Veteran's Day Parade in New York City on November 11, 2011. The statue was dedicated in a ceremony led by Vice PresidentJoe Biden and Lieutenant-GeneralJohn Mulholland, commander ofU.S. Army Special Operations Command and formerly commander of Task Force Dagger during the initial days of the War in Afghanistan.[22][23] Soldiers representing the United States Army Special Operations Command attended the dedication ceremony.[23]
The inscription at base of the sculpture bears its name,America's Response Monument, and the Latin subtitleDe Oppresso Liber. The subtitle, traditionally translated as "to free the oppressed", is the motto of theGreen Berets, who inspired the monument.[24] A piece of steel from the original World Trade Center is embedded in the base.[25] It is the first public monument to honor theUnited States Army Special Forces.[26][27]
The $750,000 cost of statue was donated by hundreds of private citizens, including some survivors of the September 11 attacks.[28][29] The statue was temporarily located in the West Street Lobby insideOne World Financial Center in New York City oppositeGround Zero.[22][23] On September 13, 2016, the statue was rededicated once again on an elevated space on the south side of Ground Zero within Liberty Park.[30][31]
In addition, the Port Authority was willing to pay up to $40 million to construct a bomb-proof platform underneath.[34] In March 2009, the Port Authority stated it quit talking with the church and canceled building St. Nicholas altogether. The Port Authority claimed that the church was asking for too much, and that they might delay the whole World Trade Center project.[33] The Archdioceses says that they just wanted the church back, and a third of the building would be a memorial for 9/11, and a place where people of all faiths could pray and remember those who died in the attacks.
ArchitectSantiago Calatrava was awarded the task of designing the new St. Nicholas. His plans drew inspiration from the greatByzantine churches ofHagia Sophia and theChurch of the Holy Savior in Chora, both inIstanbul.[35] The church will be constructed in Liberty Park; the site for the new church is east of the original site at 155 Cedar Street.[36] As of 2013[update], construction of the new church was scheduled to begin in early 2014, and to end in late 2017.[37] The new church was created from steel and concrete but the exterior is clad in stone.[38] Construction of the new church began in early 2014,[39] and after numerous delays, was completed in 2022.[40]
.jpg)
Media related toLiberty Park (Manhattan) at Wikimedia Commons