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Liberalism (French:Libéralisme) has been a major trend in Canadian politics since the late 18th century. Canada has the same features of otherliberal democracies in the Westerndemocratic political tradition. This article gives an overview of liberalism in Canada. It includes a brief history ofliberalparties with substantial representation in parliament.^[1]

Liberal parties developed in both the French and English speaking parts of Canada; these developments led to the formation of the Liberal Party of Canada. Liberal parties exist on a provincial level; however, while they mostly share similar ideologies, not all provincial parties are officially affiliated with the federal party.

In Canada, a "capital-L"Liberal refers to the policies and ideas of theLiberal Party of Canada/Parti Libéral du Canada (LI member), the most frequent governing party of Canada for the last century and one of the largestliberal parties around the world. TheQuebec Liberal Party (Parti libéral du Québec) combines liberalism with moreconservative ideas. Only federal parties are included in the following timeline. For inclusion in this scheme, it is not necessary for parties to have explicitly labelled themselves as a liberal party.

In 2023, TheSaskatchewan Liberal Party changed its name to theSaskatchewan Progress Party, in the same year theBritish Columbia Liberal Party changed its name toBC United.

• 1806: Liberals in the Francophone part of Canada formed theParti canadien
• 1826: The party is renamedParti patriote and is led byLouis-Joseph Papineau
• 1848: The party is further reorganised into theParti rouge
• 1867: The PR merged into the present-day Liberal Party of Canada

• 1841: TheUpper Canada Reform Party is formed
• 1855: Radical members formed the Clear Grits.
• 1867: The Reform Party merged into Liberal Party of Canada

• 1855: Radical members of the Reform Party formed theClear Grits
• 1867: The Clear Grits merged with the Reform Party, the Red Party and provincial liberal parties into the present-dayLiberal Party of Canada

In addition to the federal party, each province and theYukon territory has or has had its own Liberal Party; however, only those in the Atlantic Provinces are formally affiliated with the federal party. The territories ofNunavut andNorthwest Territories do not have a Liberal Party, as political parties are not recognized under their system ofconsensus government.

• Louis-Joseph Papineau

• George Brown

• Antoine-Aimé Dorion

• Alexander Mackenzie
• Edward Blake
• Wilfrid Laurier
• Daniel Duncan McKenzie
• William Lyon Mackenzie King
• Louis St. Laurent
• Lester Bowles Pearson
• Pierre Elliott Trudeau
• John Turner
• Jean Chrétien
• Paul Martin
• Bill Graham
• Stéphane Dion
• Michael Ignatieff
• Bob Rae
• Justin Trudeau
• Mark Carney

• Mario Bunge - Argentinian-Canadian professor of philosophy.
• Michael Ignatieff - political philosopher and former leader of the federal Liberal Party.
• Will Kymlicka - Canadian liberal thinker included inContributions to liberal theory
• Jan Narveson - Canadian political philosopher and defender oflibertarianism, orclassical liberalism, currently Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, University of Waterloo

• Blue Grit
• Trudeauism
• Conservatism in Canada
• Socialism in Canada
• Republicanism in Canada
• History of Canada
• Politics of Canada

• "Liberal Party of Canada"The Canadian Encyclopedia (2015) 1331-1333online
• "Liberalism"The Canadian Encyclopedia (2015) p. 1333.online
• Cook. Ramsey and Rial Ballinger, eds.Canada's Prime Ministers Macdonald to Trudeau: Portraits from the Dictionary of Canadian Biography (University of Toronto Press 2007).

• Ducharme, Michel, and Jean-François Constant, eds.Liberalism and Hegemony: Debating the Canadian Liberal Revolution (University of Toronto Press, 2009).

• Fielding, Alex. "When rights collide: Liberalism, pluralism and freedom of religion in Canada."Appeal: Review of Current Law and Law Reform 13 (2008): 28+online.

• Horowitz, Gad. "Conservatism, liberalism, and socialism in Canada: An interpretation."Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science/Revue canadienne de economiques et science politique 32.2 (1966): 143-171.

• Hutchinson Bruce.Mr. Prime Minister, 1867–1964. (1964).online

• Mahon, Rianne. "Varieties of liberalism: Canadian social policy from the ‘golden age’ to the present."Social Policy & Administration 42.4 (2008): 342-361.

• Liberalism in Canada
• Political history of Canada
• Political movements in Canada

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• Articles containing French-language text