Libbey-Owens-Ford Company (LOF) was a producer of flatglass for the automotive and building products industries both fororiginal equipment manufacturers and for replacement use. The company's headquarters and main factories were located inToledo, Ohio, with largefloat glass plants inRossford,Ohio,Laurinburg,North Carolina,Ottawa,Illinois,Shreveport,Louisiana, andLathrop,California. The company was formed in 1930 by the merger of Libbey-Owens's sheet-glass operation with the Edward Ford Plate Glass Company, both located in Toledo.[1][2]
The company's heritage dates back to 1818 with the founding of theNew England Glass Company ofEast Cambridge, Massachusetts, which relocated toToledo, Ohio, and in 1892 changed its name toLibbey Glass Company[2] under the direction ofEdward Drummond Libbey. In parallel,Michael Owens and associates completed work in 1902 on the first fully functioning automatic bottle-blowing machine (the successor of which was honored as aHistoric Mechanical Engineering Landmark by theAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers), and in 1903 incorporated the Owens Bottle Machine Company. In 1912, Owens acquired rights toIrving Wightman Colburn's invention for manufacturingplate glass.[2] In 1929, the Owens Bottle Co. acquired the assets of Illinois Glass Co. of Alton, Illinois, and renamed itself the Owens-Illinois Glass Co., making it the largest glass company in the world.Owens-Illinois Glass Company acquired Libbey Glass Company in 1935, but spun it off as a separate company in 1993.
In June 1916, the Libbey-Owens Sheet Glass Company was organized, and in 1917 the first Libbey-Owens plant opened in Charleston, West Virginia. In 1922, a Libbey-Owens sheet glass plant opened in Shreveport, Louisiana, becoming both the city's largest manufacturer and employer. This plant converted operations between 1972 and 1974 to Libbey Glass table-glassware manufacturing, which it continues today. In 1928, Libbey-Owens was the first company to produce automotivelaminated safety glass and won a contract to supply theFord Motor Company with windshields for theModel A. Libbey-Owens merged with theEdward Ford Plate Glass Company in 1930 to form Libbey-Owens-Ford Glass Company.[1]
In April 1986, LOF sold its glass business and name to thePilkington Group, amultinational glass manufacturer headquartered in theUnited Kingdom. The remaining three business units of the company, Aeroquip, Vickers, and Sterling, were retained and the holding company was renamed TRINOVA Corporation. The Sterling business was later sold, and in the late 1990s the company adopted its two leading business unit names, and continued as Aeroquip-Vickers, Inc., until being absorbed byEaton Corporation in 1999.[3] As part of the Pilkington Group, the company retained the LOF name. However, in June 2006, Pilkington was acquired byNippon Sheet Glass, and the LOF name was abandoned in an effort to rebrand globally under the Pilkington name.