Liaocheng 聊城市 | |
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 Location of Liaocheng in Shandong | |
| Coordinates (Liaocheng municipal government):36°27′21″N115°59′07″E / 36.4559°N 115.9852°E /36.4559; 115.9852 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Shandong |
| County-level divisions | 8 |
| Township-level divisions | 134 |
| Municipal seat | Dongchangfu District |
| Government | |
| • CPC Secretary | Song Yuanfang (宋远方) |
| • Mayor | Lin Fenghai (林峰海) |
| Area | |
| 8,721 km2 (3,367 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 1,254 km2 (484 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,254 km2 (484 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census for total, 2010 census for otherwise)[2] | |
| 5,952,128 | |
| • Density | 682.5/km2 (1,768/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,229,768 |
| • Urban density | 980.7/km2 (2,540/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,229,768 |
| • Metro density | 980.7/km2 (2,540/sq mi) |
| GDP[3] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 315 billion US$ 47.6 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 51,935 US$ 7,848 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Area code | 0635 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-SD-15 |
| License Plate Prefix | 鲁P |
| Website | www |
Liaocheng (Chinese:聊城;pinyin:Liáochéng) is aprefecture-level city in westernShandong province, China. It borders the provincial capital ofJinan to the southeast,Dezhou to the northeast,Tai'an to the south, and theprovinces ofHebei andHenan to the west. TheGrand Canal flows through the city center. Its population was 5,789,863 at the 2010 census whom 1,229,768 lived in the built-up area made up of Donchangfu district, even though large parts remain rural.[2]
During theSpring and Autumn period, the area was part of theState of Qi as Liaocheng Town (聊城邑). TheStrategies of the Warring States Qi section records: "The general of Yan captured Liaocheng." TheZuo Zhuan also notes: "Liao and She, the two cities, were the western frontier of Qi.[4]" The modern city takes its name from the ancient Liaocheng.
In theQin dynasty, Liaocheng County was established underDong Commandery, and this administrative arrangement continued through theHan period. In the 222 underWei of the Three Kingdoms, it was reassigned to the Principality of Pingyuan, later changed toPingyuan Commandery, a system retained by theJin dynasty. In 499 under theNorthern Wei, the county seat was moved to Wangcheng in the northeast of today’s urban area, serving as the administrative center of Pingyuan Commandery.
In theSui dynasty, Pingyuan Commandery was abolished in 583, and in 596Bo Prefecture was established, which was later abolished during theDaye era, with Liaocheng County reassigned toWuyang Commandery. In the 1st year of theTangWude era (618), Liaocheng County was placed underWeizhou ofHebei Circuit, and in 621 Bo Prefecture was reestablished. In 906, it was renamed Liaoyi County; during theFive Dynasties, it reverted to Liaocheng County. In 992 of theNorthern Song dynasty, the county seat was moved to the site of the present city.
In theYuan dynasty, during the 1267,Bozhou Circuit (博州路) was established with its seat at Liaocheng County. In 1276 it was renamedDongchang Circuit. In theMing dynasty, early in theHongwu reign, it becameDongchang Prefecture, with its seat at Liaocheng County. TheQing dynasty retained this structure, and the area belonged to theJidong Taiwu Lin Circuit.
In theRepublic of China, the prefectural system was abolished in 1913 and Liaocheng County was placed underJixi Circuit, then underDonglin Circuit in the following year. In 1925, it was reassigned toDongchang Circuit. After theNational Government abolished the circuit system in 1928, the county came under the Sixth Administrative Inspectorate District ofShandong Province. In November 1938, Liaocheng was occupied by theImperial Japanese Army. After the Japanese withdrawal,Nationalist troops retook the city. In December 1946, thePeople’s Liberation Army attacked Liaocheng, and the Nationalist forces withdrew.
In August 1949, Liaocheng was detached from Shandong and attached toPingyuan. In November 1952, Pingyuan was dissolved and Liaocheng returned to Shandong. In 1967, Liaocheng Prefecture was reorganized as Liaocheng District. In August 1983, Liaocheng County was reconstituted as Liaocheng City (county-level). In March 1998, Liaocheng District was abolished and replaced by the prefecture-level Liaocheng City; the former county-level Liaocheng City (city core) becameDongchangfu District. In June 2019, the State Council approved the abolition of Chiping County and it was replaced byChiping District.In 2007, the city is named China's top ten livable cities by Chinese Cities Brand Value Report, which was released at 2007 Beijing Summit of China Cities Forum.[5]
Theprefecture-level city of Liaocheng administers eightcounty-level divisions, including twodistricts, onecounty-level city, and fivecounties.
These are further divided into 134township-level divisions.
| Map |
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| Climate data for Liaocheng, elevation 33 m (108 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.8 (60.4) | 21.8 (71.2) | 28.4 (83.1) | 33.6 (92.5) | 37.2 (99.0) | 40.7 (105.3) | 40.7 (105.3) | 36.3 (97.3) | 36.1 (97.0) | 34.5 (94.1) | 26.5 (79.7) | 19.0 (66.2) | 40.7 (105.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.2 (39.6) | 8.3 (46.9) | 14.7 (58.5) | 21.2 (70.2) | 26.6 (79.9) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.9 (89.4) | 30.5 (86.9) | 27.1 (80.8) | 21.3 (70.3) | 12.7 (54.9) | 5.8 (42.4) | 19.7 (67.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) | 2.1 (35.8) | 8.3 (46.9) | 14.9 (58.8) | 20.4 (68.7) | 25.3 (77.5) | 26.9 (80.4) | 25.6 (78.1) | 20.9 (69.6) | 14.5 (58.1) | 6.8 (44.2) | 0.3 (32.5) | 13.7 (56.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.9 (21.4) | −2.6 (27.3) | 3.2 (37.8) | 9.4 (48.9) | 14.8 (58.6) | 19.9 (67.8) | 23.1 (73.6) | 21.9 (71.4) | 16.4 (61.5) | 9.6 (49.3) | 2.2 (36.0) | −3.9 (25.0) | 9.0 (48.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −20.6 (−5.1) | −16.9 (1.6) | −10.1 (13.8) | −1.7 (28.9) | 3.6 (38.5) | 10.2 (50.4) | 16.9 (62.4) | 11.7 (53.1) | 4.9 (40.8) | −2.1 (28.2) | −17.9 (−0.2) | −16.9 (1.6) | −20.6 (−5.1) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 4.0 (0.16) | 8.7 (0.34) | 11.0 (0.43) | 31.7 (1.25) | 45.8 (1.80) | 72.3 (2.85) | 156.5 (6.16) | 150.8 (5.94) | 50.3 (1.98) | 30.4 (1.20) | 19.7 (0.78) | 5.2 (0.20) | 586.4 (23.09) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.1 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 5.0 | 6.6 | 7.6 | 10.8 | 9.7 | 6.6 | 5.4 | 4.1 | 2.5 | 66.8 |
| Average snowy days | 2.4 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 8.6 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 64 | 60 | 56 | 62 | 67 | 66 | 80 | 84 | 79 | 73 | 70 | 68 | 69 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 135.5 | 140.4 | 187.8 | 208.5 | 235.4 | 209.5 | 172.3 | 174.4 | 168.9 | 165.0 | 141.0 | 135.9 | 2,074.6 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 44 | 45 | 50 | 53 | 54 | 48 | 39 | 42 | 46 | 48 | 46 | 45 | 47 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[6][7] | |||||||||||||
The town is served byLiaocheng railway station as well as a station on the high-speed network,Liaocheng West railway station.
Liaocheng is asister city of the following cities[8]:
Furthermore, there is a partnership with thedistrict Offenbach in Germany[9].
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