Lianzhou 连州市 | |
|---|---|
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 Lianzhou in Qingyuan | |
  Lianzhou Location in Guangdong | |
| Coordinates:24°46′52″N112°22′37″E / 24.781°N 112.377°E /24.781; 112.377 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Guangdong |
| Prefecture-level city | Qingyuan |
| Townships | 12 |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,663.33 km2 (1,028.32 sq mi) |
| Population (2010 Census) | |
• Total | 367,859 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Website | www |
Lianzhou (simplified Chinese:连州;traditional Chinese:連州;pinyin:Liánzhōu), formerly Lian County or Lianxian (postal: Linhsien;连县;連縣;Lián Xiàn), is acounty-level city in northernGuangdong Province, China, and is the northernmostcounty-level division of theprefecture-level city ofQingyuan. It is known as the host city of the Lianzhou International Photography Festival (LIPF) and as a historic and cultural landmark of Guangdong Province.[1]
Lianzhou became part of the Changsha Commandery during theQin dynasty. During theHan dynasty, which began in 206 BC, theYangxian prefecture consisted of three cities: Lianzhou,Liannan, andLianshan. Emperor Kaihuang later put Lianzhou in the Ben prefecture during theSui dynasty (581–618 AD).
On December 8, 1949, theCommunistPeople's Liberation Army took over Lianzhou, then called Lianxian, from theKuomintang. On December 20, 1949, the People's Government of Lianxian was established. On April 22, 1994, Lianxian was renamed Lianzhou City. In 1996, the government of Guangdong Province named Lianzhou as a National Famous Historic and Cultural City.[1]
Located in the northwest portion of Guangdong, Lianzhou extends from 112° 47' to 112° 7' Elongitude and from 24° 37'N to 25° 12' Nlatitude. It is situated on theLian River and the Little Bei River, southeast ofYangshan County, southwest ofLiannan County, and north ofLinwu County. The total area under the city's administration is 2,663.33 square kilometres (1,028.32 square miles).[2]
Lianzhou has asubtropical climate and is affected by themonsoon. From October through March, it experiences thenortheast monsoon, and from April through September, it experiences thesummer monsoon, mainly with a southwestwind. The city'smountain climate is good for crop growth and four-seasontillage.[3]
| Climate data for Lianzhou, elevation 132 m (433 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 27.8 (82.0) | 31.2 (88.2) | 34.5 (94.1) | 35.2 (95.4) | 36.6 (97.9) | 39.4 (102.9) | 41.6 (106.9) | 40.5 (104.9) | 39.0 (102.2) | 37.3 (99.1) | 34.0 (93.2) | 28.3 (82.9) | 41.6 (106.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 13.7 (56.7) | 16.3 (61.3) | 19.0 (66.2) | 24.9 (76.8) | 29.3 (84.7) | 31.9 (89.4) | 34.2 (93.6) | 34.0 (93.2) | 31.4 (88.5) | 27.5 (81.5) | 22.3 (72.1) | 16.5 (61.7) | 25.1 (77.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 9.3 (48.7) | 11.7 (53.1) | 14.8 (58.6) | 20.3 (68.5) | 24.4 (75.9) | 27.1 (80.8) | 28.7 (83.7) | 28.2 (82.8) | 26.0 (78.8) | 21.7 (71.1) | 16.4 (61.5) | 11.0 (51.8) | 20.0 (67.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.5 (43.7) | 8.7 (47.7) | 12.0 (53.6) | 17.1 (62.8) | 21.0 (69.8) | 23.9 (75.0) | 25.0 (77.0) | 24.6 (76.3) | 22.3 (72.1) | 17.7 (63.9) | 12.6 (54.7) | 7.5 (45.5) | 16.6 (61.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.0 (26.6) | −1.0 (30.2) | −0.2 (31.6) | 5.4 (41.7) | 11.1 (52.0) | 15.7 (60.3) | 19.1 (66.4) | 19.8 (67.6) | 14.6 (58.3) | 5.6 (42.1) | 0.7 (33.3) | −3.4 (25.9) | −3.4 (25.9) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 77.8 (3.06) | 91.3 (3.59) | 168.9 (6.65) | 200.6 (7.90) | 279.8 (11.02) | 288.8 (11.37) | 158.0 (6.22) | 154.6 (6.09) | 86.0 (3.39) | 71.3 (2.81) | 66.5 (2.62) | 52.5 (2.07) | 1,696.1 (66.79) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.0 | 12.8 | 18.6 | 17.2 | 18.0 | 19.9 | 14.7 | 14.5 | 9.8 | 6.1 | 7.6 | 8.3 | 159.5 |
| Average snowy days | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 1.2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 77 | 78 | 83 | 82 | 81 | 83 | 78 | 79 | 77 | 74 | 75 | 74 | 78 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 70.1 | 61.0 | 51.4 | 73.9 | 110.3 | 128.8 | 199.6 | 188.4 | 163.0 | 158.0 | 127.7 | 112.0 | 1,444.2 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 21 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 27 | 32 | 48 | 47 | 45 | 44 | 39 | 34 | 32 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[4][5] | |||||||||||||
Lianzhou consists of ten towns (Lianzhou, Bao'an, Xingzi, Longping, Xian, Dongbei, Fengyang, Xijiang, Jiubei, and Dalubian) and twonationality townships (Yao'an and Sanshui).[6]
From 1953 to 2000, Lianzhou participated in five nationwide censuses:[7]
| Year | Households | Males | Females | Total Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1953 | 57,622 | 124,762 | 113,886 | 238,648 |
| 1964 | 62,797 | 146,392 | 139,976 | 286,368 |
| 1982 | 83,053 | 218,370 | 207,795 | 426,165 |
| 1990 | 99,769 | 237,819 | 222,246 | 460,075 |
| 2000 | 112,692 | 212,292 | 197,068 | 409,360 |
The natural environment of Lianzhou has been noted by poets such asLiu Yuxi and intellectuals such asHan Yu, who wrote about the area's landscape inYanxiting Ji (吾州之山水名天下).
In the lateMing Dynasty,Qu Dajun explored the gorges in theLingnan area and wroteGuangdong Xinyu, in which he praised theHuangchuan Three Gorges.
Tanling Rae'era is the highest lake in Guangdong Province, 640 meters abovesea level. TheLianzhou Underground River, which runs through four mountains, is approximately 1,500 meters in length. Called "The First Underground River in Guangdong Province", it has many oddly-shapedstalactites, sea fogs, steep cliffs, old pines,thermal springs, andwaterfalls.
Lianzhou's cultural monuments includeYanxi Arbour, which was built during theTang Dynasty, andHuiguang Tower, which was constructed during theNorthern and Southern dynasties more than 1,500 years ago. It is known as the Oriental Leaning Tower for its tilt.
The Fushan Old Temple, one of theGrotto-heavens ofTaoists,[8] was also built during the Northern and Southern dynasties.
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