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Li Ao (Chinese:李翱;pinyin:Lǐ Áo) (772–841),courtesy nameXizhi (習之), was aChinese philosopher andprose writer of theTang dynasty.
Li was born in present-dayTianshui, Gansu, but some accounts relate that he was fromZhao, Hebei. After achieving the degree ofJinshi in 798, he joined the imperial bureaucracy and served in the history department atChangan.
In 809, he was assigned to the southern provinces and made the trip with his pregnant wife fromLuoyang toGuangzhou over nine months. The course they took included the modern provinces ofHenan, Anhui,Jiangsu, Zhejiang,Jiangxi andGuangdong. His record of the trip, theLainan Lu (來南録, "Record of Coming to the South"), contains detailed descriptions of medieval southern China and is considered one of the earliest forms of the diary.[citation needed]
At the time of his death inXiangyang, Hubei, Li held the position of Governor of East Shannan Circuit (nowHubei andHenan). There is some debate about the year of his death. TheOld Book of Tang gives the date of 841. While theQing dynasty historians, however, have argued that it should be 836.
Late imperial scholars regarded Li as the founder of one of the ten great schools of philosophy in the Tang andSong dynasties. As a philosopher, Li was heavily influenced by Buddhist philosophers likeLiang Su[1] and also the greatneo-ConfucianHan Yu. His extensive writings are preserved in theLiwengong Wenji (李文公文集). This work is presumably a later edition of the ten chapters of theLi Ao Ji (李翺集) as referenced in theNew Book of Tang. Some of the few poems he produced can also be found in theQuan Tang Shi (全唐詩).
Li's maternal grandsonsLu Xie andZheng Tian both served as chancellors underEmperor Xizong of Tang.
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