Length overall (LOA,o/a,o.a. oroa) is the maximum length of a vessel'shull measured parallel to the waterline. This length is important while docking the ship. It is the most commonly used way of expressing the size of a ship, and is also used for calculating the cost of amarinaberth[1] (for example, £2.50 per metre LOA).
LOA is usually measured on the hull alone.[2] Forsailing ships, this mayexclude thebowsprit and other fittings added to the hull. This is how some racing boats andtall ships use the term LOA.[3] However, other sources may include bowsprits in LOA.[4] Confusingly, LOA has different meanings.[5][6] "Sparred length", "Total length including bowsprit", "Mooring length" and "LOA including bowsprit" are other expressions that might indicate the full length of a sailing ship.
Often used to distinguish between the length of a vessel including projections (e.g. bow sprits, etc.) from the length of the hull itself, theLength on Deck orLOD is often reported. This is especially useful for smaller sailing vessels, as their LOA can be significantly different from their LOD.[7][8]
InISO 8666 for small boats, there is a definition ofLOH, orlength of hull.[9] This may be shorter than a vessel's LOA, because it excludes other parts attached to the hull, such asbowsprits.
Another measure of length is LWL (loaded waterline length) which is more useful in assessing a vessel's performance. In some cases (particularly oldyachts or vessels withbowsprits) LWL can be considerably shorter than LOA.