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Theleaders of the Central Powers of World War Iwere the political or military figures who commanded or supported theCentral Powers .

• Franz Joseph I^[1] −Emperor of Austria andApostolic King of Hungary (1848–1916)
• Karl I^[2]− Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary (1916–1918), Previously commandedArmy Group Archduke Karl in 1916, Supreme Commander of the Austro-Hungarian Army (1917–1918)
• Karl von Stürgkh −Minister-President of Austria (1911–1916)
• Ernest von Koerber − Minister-President of Austria (1916)
• Heinrich Clam-Martinic − Minister-President of Austria (1916–1917)
• Ernst Seidler von Feuchtenegg − Minister-President of Austria (1917–1918)
• Max Hussarek von Heinlein − Minister-President of Austria (1918)
• István Tisza^[3]−Prime Minister of Hungary (1913–1917)
• Sándor Wekerle − Prime Minister of Hungary (1917–1918)
• Count Leopold Berchtold^[4]−Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister (1912–1915)
• Stephan Burián von Rajecz - Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister (1915–1916, 1918)
• Ottokar Czernin - Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister (1916–1918)
• Alexander von Krobatin -Austro-Hungarian Minister of War (1912–1917), Commander of theSouth Tyrolean Army Group (1918)
• Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten - Austro-Hungarian Minister of War (1917–1918)
• Archduke Friedrich^[5] − Supreme Commander of the Austro-Hungarian Army (1914–1917)
• Conrad von Hötzendorf^[6] − Chief of theAustro-Hungarian General Staff (1912–1917) and leader of several Army Groups throughout the war.
• Arthur Arz von Straußenburg^[2] − Chief of the Austro-Hungarian General Staff (1917–1918)
• Svetozar Boroević^[7] − Austro-Hungarian Field Marshal and commander of the3rd Army (1914–1915) and then the5th Army (1915–1918) which was later upgraded to Army Group Boroevic in 1917 which contained 2 armies.
• Oskar Potiorek - Governor ofBosnia and Herzegovina and Commander of all Austro-Hungarian forces during theSerbian Campaign in 1914
• Liborius Ritter von Frank - Commanded the 5th Army in the Serbian Campaign (1914)
• Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli − Commanded the2nd Army in the Serbian Campaign (1914) and the Eastern Front (1915–1918) andArmy Group Böhm-Ermolli (1915–1916 & (1916–1918)
• Hermann Kövess von Kövessháza - Commander of the3rd Army in the Serbian Campaign, particularly in theKosovo Offensive, later the7th Army and finally (ceremonially) Commander-in-chief (1918)
• Archduke Eugen of Austria - Commander of Army Group Archduke Eugen, in many battles on theItalian Front.
• Archduke Joseph August of Austria - Involved in theGalician campaign and later served on the Italian Front and went to command the South Tyrolean Army Group in 1918
• Viktor Dankl von Krasnik - Commander of the1st Army in Galicia and during theGorlice–Tarnów Offensive. Later made commander of the defense ofTyrol followed by command of the11th Army
• Franz Rohr von Denta − Commander of the10th (1916), 11th (1916–1917) and 1st Army (1917) on the Italian and Eastern front.
• Archduke Joseph Ferdinand of Austria − Commanded the 4th army (1914–1916) during theBrusilov Offensive, later became Inspector-General of the Imperial Air Force (1917–1918)
• Karl von Pflanzer-Baltin − Supreme Commander of Austro-Hungarian infantry in Albania (1917–1918), previously commanded the 7th Army (1915–1916)
• Viktor Graf von Scheuchenstuel − Corps Commander in serving in many different fronts, 11th Army (1917–1918)
• Józef Piłsudski − Commander of thePolish Legions
• Anton Haus^[8] −Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy (1913–1917)
• Maximilian Njegovan^[9]− Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy (1917–1918)
• Miklós Horthy^[10] − Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy (1918)
• Milan Emil Uzelac − Commander of theAustro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops

• Wilhelm II^[11]−German Emperor andKing of Prussia
• Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg^[12]−Chancellor of the German Empire (1909–1917)
• Georg Michaelis - Chancellor of the German Empire (1917)
• Georg von Hertling − Chancellor of the German Empire (1917–1918)
• Max von Baden − Chancellor of the German Empire (1918)
• Gottlieb von Jagow −German Foreign Minister (1913–1916)
• Arthur Zimmermann^[13] − German Foreign Minister (1916–1917)
• Richard von Kühlmann - German Foreign Minister (1917–1918)
• Paul von Hintze - German Foreign Minister (1918)
• Helmuth von Moltke^[14] −Chief of the German General Staff (1906–1914)
• Erich von Falkenhayn^[15] − Chief of the German General Staff (1914–1916) and commander in theFirst Battle of the Marne
• Paul von Hindenburg^[16] − Chief of the German General Staff (1916–1918), previouslySupreme Commander East (1914–1916) and commandedArmy Group Hindenburg
• Erich Ludendorff^[16] −Quartermaster General (Chief of Operations) of the German Army, previously Chief of Staff in the East (1914–1916)
• Leopold of Bavaria^[17] − CommandedArmy Group Prince Leopold of Bavaria before becoming Supreme Commander East (1916–1918)
• Max Hoffmann^[18] − Chief of Staff in the East (1916–1918)
• Crown Prince Wilhelm - Commander of the5th Army (1914–1916) andArmy Group German Crown Prince (1915–1918)
• Ruprecht of Bavaria - Commander of the6th Army (1914–1916) andArmy Group Rupprecht of Bavaria (1916–1918)
• Albrecht von Württemberg - Commander of the4th Army (1914–1916) andArmy Group Duke Albrecht (1917–1918)
• August von Mackensen − Commanded the9th Army (1914) before leading several Army Groups:Army Group Mackensen in Poland and the11th Army (1915),Serbia (1915–1916) andRomania (1916–1918)
• Max von Gallwitz - Commanded the12th and later 11th Army in the East, followed by the2nd Army and Army Group Gallwitz-Somme in the West. FinallyArmy Group Gallwitz and the 5th Army (1918)
• Remus von Woyrsch - Commanded theLandwehr Corps (1914), followed byArmee-Abteilung Woyrsch (1914–1917) while also holding command ofArmy Group Woyrsch (1916–1917)
• Hermann von Eichhorn - Commander of the10th Army (1915–1918) as well asArmy Group Eichhorn (1916–1918). In 1918 he commandedArmy Group Eichhorn-Kiev and became Military Governor ofUkraine
• Alexander von Linsingen - Commanded theSouth Army (1915) followed byArmy of the Bug (1915–1918) while simultaneously in command ofArmy Group Linsingen (1916–1918)
• Otto von Below - Commanded the8th Army (1914–1915) andArmy of the Niemen (which was renamed the 8th Army) (1915–1916). LaterArmy Group Below inSalonika (1916–1917) followed by the14th Army on theItalian Front
• Friedrich von Scholtz - Commander of the 8th Army (1915) and then led the mostly BulgarianArmy Group Scholtz (1917–1918)
• Max von Boehn - Commanded the 7th Army (1917–1918) andArmy Group Boehn (1918)
• Karl von Einem − Commander of the3rd Army (1914–1919)
• Alexander von Kluck - Commander of the1st Army (1914–1915) and fought at theBattle of Mons,Le Cateau andMarne
• Karl von Bülow - Commander of the2nd Army at theBattle of Liège andSiege of Namur and was blamed for the failure of capturing Paris in 1914
• Georg von der Marwitz^[19] − Cavalry general who commanded the 2nd Army on the Western Front (1916–1918), followed by commanding the 5th Army at the end of the war in 1918
• Friedrich Sixt von Armin - Commanded the 4th Army (1917–1918) and commander-in-chief in theFlanders region, notably during theBattle of Passchendaele and theGerman spring offensive
• Ludwig von Falkenhausen - Commander ofArmee-Abteilung Falkenhausen (1914–1916) andHigh Command of Coastal Defence (1916). Commanded the 6th Army (1916–1917) during theBattle of Arras and served asGovernor of Belgium until the end of war
• Oskar von Hutier - Commanded the 8th Army in 1917, notably inOperation Albion. He led the newly created18th Army in the Spring Offensive
• Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck − German Commander in theEast Africa Campaign
• Victor Franke − German Commander in theSouth West Africa campaign
• Carl Heinrich Zimmermann − German Commander in theKamerun campaign
• Alfred von Tirpitz^[20] − Grand Admiral and State Secretary of theGerman Imperial Naval Office (1897–1916)
• Friedrich von Ingenohl − Commander of the ImperialHigh Seas Fleet (1913–1915)
• Hugo von Pohl − Commander of the ImperialHigh Seas Fleet (1915–1916), previously Chief of the Admiralty Staff (1913–1915)
• Reinhard Scheer^[21] − Commander of the ImperialHigh Seas Fleet (1916–1918), notably at theBattle of Jutland. LaterChief of the Admiralty Staff (1918)
• Franz von Hipper − Commander ofI Scouting Group and conducted several raids along the English coast, he became commander of the Imperial High Seas Fleet in 1918
• Henning von Holtzendorff − Chief of the Admiralty Staff (1915–1918) and a strong advocate ofunrestricted submarine warfare
• Prince Henry of Prussia − Commander of the German Baltic Fleet (1914–1917)
• Alfred Meyer-Waldeck − Naval Commander in theSiege of Tsingtao
• Ernst von Hoeppner − Commanding General of theImperial German Air Service

• Mehmed V^[22] −Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1909–1918)
• Mehmed VI - Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1918–1922)
• Said Halim Pasha^[23] −Ottoman Grand Vizier (Prime Minister) (1913–1917)
• Talaat Pasha − Ottoman Grand Vizier (1917–1918),Minister of Finance,Minister of Interior
• Enver Pasha^[24] − Commander-in-Chief of theOttoman Army,Minister of War
• Fritz Bronsart von Schellendorf^[25] − Chief of the Ottoman General Staff and part of the German military mission to the Ottoman Empire
• Djemal Pasha^[26] − Commander of theFourth Army in Syria (1914–1917),Minister of the Navy
• Ahmed Izzet Pasha − Commander of theSecond Army (1916–1917), theCaucasus Army Group (1917) and finally Grand Vizier and Minister of War (1918)
• Otto Liman von Sanders - German Commander of theFifth Army (1915–1918), notably during theGallipoli Campaign. Later commander of theYildirim Army Group in theSinai and Palestine Campaign (1918)
• Mustafa Kemal Pasha^[27] − Notable for his contribution to the Gallipoli Campaign, later commanded theXVI Corps (1915–1916) followed by command of theSecond Army (1917) andSeventh Army (1917 & 1918)
• Fevzi Pasha^[28] − Commander of several Army Corps and the Second Army. Finally commanded the Seventh Army in Palestine (1917–1918)
• Friedrich Kress von Kressenstein - German commander notably for his actions in theFirst,Second andThird Battle of Gaza. Later participated in theCaucasus Campaign (1918)
• Mehmet Esat Pasha − Commander of theIII Corps who organized the defenses at Gallipoli. Later became commander of theFirst Army (1915–1918)
• Vehib Pasha − Commander of the Second Army (1914–1916),Third Army (1916–1918) and finally theEastern Army Group (1918) in the Caucasus Campaign
• Erich von Falkenhayn - Previously the German Chief of Staff, first commander of theYildirim Army Group (1917–1918)
• Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz - German Commander of theSixth Army in theMesopotamian campaign (1915–1916)
• Hafiz Hakki Pasha − Commander of theThird Army, notably at theBattle of Sarikamish (1915)
• Abdul Kerim Pasha − Commander of the Third Army, notably in theBattle of Kara Killisse and theErzurum Offensive (1915–1916). Later commander of theXX Corps on theSalonika front
• Halil Pasha - Commander of the Sixth Army in theMesopotamian andPersian Campaign (1916–1918). Later commanded the Eastern Army Group (1918)
• Nuri Pasha - Commander of the Africa Groups Command and later the Ottoman-AzerbaijaniIslamic Army of the Caucasus, notably in theBattle of Baku (1918)
• Yakup Şevki Pasha − Commander of theXV Corps on theEastern Front in Galicia (1916)
• Mustafa Hilmi Pasha − Commander of theVI Corps in theRomanian Campaign (1916–1918)
• Ja'far Pasha - Commander during theSenussi Campaign
• Cevat Pasha − Commander of theDardanelles Fortified Area Command (1914–1915). Later commander of the XV Corps in Galicia (1916–1917)
• Nureddin Pasha − Commander of theIraq Area Command
• Osman Fuad − Commander of the Africa Groups Command
• Fakhri Pasha − Commander of theHejaz Expeditionary Force (1916–1919)
• Wilhelm Souchon^[29] − German Naval Commander in the Ottoman Empire in the Black Sea, notable for launching theBlack Sea Raid in 1914

• Ferdinand I^[30] −Tsar of Bulgaria
• Vasil Radoslavov^[31] −Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1913–1918)
• Aleksandar Malinov − Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1918)
• Kalin Naidenov −Minister of War (1915–1918)
• Sava Savov − Minister of War (1918)
• Nikola Zhekov^[32] − Commander-in-Chief of the Bulgarian Army (1915–1918)
• Georgi Todorov − Commander of theSecond Army (1915–1917),Third Army in theRomanian Campaign and Deputy Commander-in-Chief after the illness of Nikola Zhekov, 1918
• Konstantin Zhostov −Chief of the Bulgarian General Staff (1915–1916)
• Ivan Lukov − Chief of the Bulgarian General Staff (1916–1917) and Commander of the Second Army (1917–1918)
• Hristo Burmov − Chief of the Bulgarian General Staff (1918)
• Kliment Boyadzhiev − Commander of theFirst Army during theSerbian Campaign (1915–1916)
• Dimitar Geshov − Commander of the First Army in several battles on theSalonika front (1916–1918)
• Stefan Toshev − Commander of the Third Army during the Romanian Campaign (1916) and later became Governor of Macedonia
• Stefan Nerezov − Commander of the Third Army (1916–1917), Morava Army Region in occupied Serbia (1917) and First Army (1918)
• Vladimir Vazov − Bulgarian Lieutenant General notable for his defenses against the British in theSecond andThird Battles of Doiran
• Panteley Kiselov − Bulgarian General notable for his role in the decisiveBattle of Turtucaia in the Romanian Campaign
• Ivan Kolev − Bulgarian Lieutenant General notable for his very effective cavalry tactics used in the Romanian Campaign

• Ali Dinar −Sultan of Darfur
• Ramadan Ali − Commander-in-Chief of the Fur Army

• Manie Maritz − Boer General and leader of theMaritz Rebellion

• Diiriye Guure − sultan of theDervish State
• Mohammed Abdullah Hassan − emir of theDervish State

• Ahmed Sharif as-Senussi − Leader of theSenussi from 1902-1933

• Saud bin Abdulaziz^[33] −Emir of Jabal Shammar

• Fatali Khan Khoyski −Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (1918–1919)
• Khosrov bey Sultanov −Minister of Defense
• Ali-Agha Shikhlinski − Azerbaijani General during theBattle of Baku

• Heydar Latifiyan − Iranian commander during theBattle of Robatkarim

• Pavlo Skoropadskyi −Hetman of Ukraine (1918)

• Allied leaders of World War I

• Hart, Peter (2013).The Great War. Oxford: Oxford University Press.ISBN 9780199976270.

• Military leaders of World War I

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