Le Sserafim debuted on May 2, 2022, with the extended playFearless. It was followed in October with their second extended play,Antifragile, which became the group's first release to sell over a million copies and made them the fastest K-pop girl group to debut on the USBillboard 200 at the time. Both EPs' title tracks reached the top ten of South Korea'sCircle Digital Chart and were certified platinum for streaming in South Korea and Japan.
Le Sserafim's first studio album,Unforgiven (2023), marked their first number-one album on theCircle Album Chart and their first top-ten album on theBillboard 200. The album's singles "Unforgiven" and "Eve, Psyche & the Bluebeard's Wife" peaked at number two in South Korea and were certified gold for streaming in Japan. The group's first English single "Perfect Night" (2023) became their first number-one song on the Circle Digital Chart, topping the chart for six weeks. In 2024, Le Sserafim earned their second number-one album in South Korea and top-ten album on theBillboard 200 with their third extended playEasy. The EP'stitle track was their first entry on the USBillboard Hot 100.
From left to right: Sakura, Chaewon, and Yunjin duringProduce 48 in 2018
Sakura made her acting debut in the movieAno Hito Ano Hi in 2011.[7] That year, she joined the Japanese idol groupHKT48 as a first generation trainee. She was promoted to a full member of HKT48 Team H in 2012 and transferred to HKT48 Team KIV in 2014. After being with the group for 10 years, Sakura officially graduated on June 27, 2021.[8][9]
Sakura,Kim Chaewon andHuh Yunjin participated in the reality competition seriesProduce 48 in 2018.[10][11][12] Yunjin representedPledis Entertainment, which at the time was not owned byHybe Corporation, Source Music's parent company, while Chaewon representedWoollim Entertainment, her former label.[13][14] After finishing in second and tenth place, respectively, Sakura and Chaewon were named to the final lineup of the show's project girl groupIz*One,[15] promoting as members until its disbandment on April 29, 2021.[16][17] Yunjin finished in 26th place and was eliminated in episode 11.[18]
Hong Eunchae was a student at Def Dance School for two years. She previously auditioned forJYP Entertainment and Pledis Entertainment before joiningSource Music in 2021.[21]
2022:Fearless, Kim Garam's departure, andAntifragile
On March 14,Source Music announced that they would launch a new girl group, with Miyawaki Sakura and Kim Chaewon set to be the first members.[22][23] On March 21, Hybe confirmed the group would officially debut in May.[24] The members were revealed in "The First Moment of Le Sserafim" teasers from April 4 to April 9 (in order: Sakura,[25] Kim Garam,[26] Hong Eunchae,[27] Kim Chaewon,[28] Kazuha,[29] and Huh Yunjin).[30] On April 13, Source Music announced that Le Sserafim would release their debut extended play (EP),Fearless, on May 2.[31] Pre-orders for the EP surpassed 270,000 copies in seven days and 380,000 copies in sixteen days.[32] On May 10, eight days after their debut, the group earned their firstmusic show win onSBS MTV'sThe Show.[33]
Le Sserafim's official logo
Prior to the group's debut, Kim Garam became a subject of controversy. She was accused of bullying other students at her middle school and engaging in underage smoking and drinking. Hybe Corporation denied the allegations, claiming that Kim was the victim, not the perpetrator of bullying. They expressed that they would take legal action against those who spread false rumors, and Kim was not removed from the debut lineup.[34] On May 20, Hybe Corporation and Source Music issued a joint statement regarding Kim Garam's bullying allegations, announcing that she would take a hiatus due to the pending investigations and that Le Sserafim would temporarily promote as a five-member group.[35] On July 20, the companies announced that Kim Garam would depart from the group and that her contract had been terminated, with Le Sserafim to continue as a five-member group.[36][34]
Le Sserafim released their second EP,Antifragile, on October 17. It marked their first release as five members, following Kim Garam's departure.[37] The album reached number 14 on theBillboard 200, making Le Sserafim the fastest K-pop girl group to debut on the chart.[38] On November 24, Hybe released awebtoon, titledCrimson Heart, based on the group's message to "advance without fear" through the platformWebtoon.[39]
On January 25, 2023, Le Sserafim made their debut in Japan with the release of the Japanese single "Fearless".[40] It contained Japanese versions of "Fearless" and "Blue Flame", along with an original Japanese song, "Choices".[41] "Choices" served as the theme song for the Japanese drama3000 Yen: How to Enrich Life.[42] On March 16, 2023, Source Music reported that Le Sserafim would be making a comeback in early May.[43] On April 3, they announced their first studio album,Unforgiven,[44] which was released on May 1.[45] In June, it was announced the group would embark on their first concert tour, theFlame Rises Tour, beginning in August.[46] On July 25, the group released their second original Japanese song "Jewelry" from their second Japanese single, "Unforgiven".[47] The single, released on August 23, also featured Japanese versions of "Unforgiven" and "Antifragile".[48]
On October 12, Source Music announced that the group would be releasing their first English-language digital single, "Perfect Night" on October 27 in collaboration withBlizzard Entertainment to promoteOverwatch 2.[49][50] An in-game event featuring cosmetics and game modes themed after the group ran from November 1 to November 20. The group performed atBlizzCon on November 4.[51] On November 19, the group released "Dresscode", which serves as the theme song for the Japanese live-action television series adaptation of the manga seriesSexy Tanaka-san.[52]
On January 22, 2024, it was confirmed that Le Sserafim would release their third EP,Easy, on February 19.[53] It debuted at number 8 on theBillboard 200 simultaneously withTwice's EPWith You-th at number 1, which marked the first week where two all-female K-pop acts were featured in the top 10. The lead single of thesame name debuted at number 99 on theBillboard Hot 100, marking the group's first entry on the list.[54] The English versions for the lead single and "Smart" were released on February 23 and March 22, respectively.[55][56] In April 2024, the group performed atCoachella withNile Rodgers, where they debuted a new song titled "1-800-Hot-N-Fun".[57] The group confirmed in late June 2024 that a comeback was scheduled in August 2024.[58] On July 10, the music-themedGrammy Museum inLos Angeles,California announced that a special K-pop exhibit will take place in August 2024, displaying the accessories and performance gear worn by artists under Hybe, includingIllit, Le Sserafim,Fromis 9, andBTS.[59]
On August 5, it was announced that Le Sserafim would be releasing their fourth EP,Crazy, on August 30.[60] The English version and various remixes for the lead single of thesame name, including a collaboration with American performerDashaun Wesley, were released on September 2.[61] On September 4, a lead single remix featuring English singerPinkPantheress was released, followed by another lead single remix with French producerDavid Guetta on September 9.[62][63] On September 11, Le Sserafim performed "Crazy" and "1-800-Hot-N-Fun" at their first-everMTV Video Music Awards and won the PUSH Performance of the Year award for "Easy".[64][65]
In October, Le Sserafim announced that their third Japanese single "Crazy" would be released on December 11.[66] On November 10, the group made their first appearance at theMTV Europe Music Awards with a performance of "Chasing Lightning" and "Crazy". They were also nominated for three awards: Best Push, Best New, and Best K-pop; they won Best Push.[67] On November 12, the group released the song "Star Signs" which doubles as a pre-release for the upcoming Japanese single "Crazy" and a campaign song for the Japanese brand, Lumine.[68]
Le Sserafim during their Easy Crazy Hot Tour inManila in August 2025
On February 17, 2025, it was announced that Le Sserafim's fifth extended play,Hot, would be released on March 14.[69] The English version and various remixes for the lead single of thesame name were released on March 17.[70] On February 28, the group announced that they would be embarking on their first world tour, theEasy Crazy Hot Tour, which began inIncheon on April 19.[71] In April, it was announced that Le Sserafim would be releasing their fourth Japanese single "Different" on June 24.[72] On September 5, 2025, they were confirmed as guest performers on the fourth quarterfinal results show of thetwentieth season ofAmerica's Got Talent.[73] That same month, they collaborated with Japanese duoYoasobi for the song "The Noise", containing a sample of the duo's single "Yoru ni Kakeru", to commemorate the 20th anniversary of fashion e-commerce website Zozotown,[74] and also announced their plan to release new music in October.[75] On October 24, Le Sserafim released their first single albumSpaghetti.[76] On December 31, the group performed inTimes Square as part of theDick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve television special.[77]
In March 2023, Le Sserafim was revealed to be Vita 500 Zero models.[78] In May, the group joined as models for Goobne.[79] On October 13, French luxury fashion house Louis Vuitton announced that Le Sserafim is joining the maison as house ambassadors.[80] Their debut act places Le Sserafim in a campaign for a bag capsule exclusive to the South Korean market, against a visual backdrop of Jamsugyo Bridge.[81] In April 2024, the five members were dressed in custom-made outfits designed by Louis Vuitton's Nicolas Ghesquière for their Coachella debut.[82]
On June 3, 2024,Jim Beam launched a global campaign called "Enjoy it, our way!" with Le Sserafim.[83] In August, the group was selected as the new advertising models for fast food chainMom's Touch.[84] In September,Sony selected Le Sserafim as their global ambassador,[85] and the group also became the global ambassador for Gelato Pique.[86] That same month, after the release ofCrazy, Le Sserafim collaborated with theMake-A-Wish Foundation and theEmpire State Building to light up the building up in "fearless blue".[87][88] Starting in November, the Japanese brand Lumine scheduled a 2024 Christmas campaign with Le Sserafim. The campaign includes the song "Star Signs", which was released on November 12, as well as a merchandise raffle, apop-up shop in Lumine'sShinjuku location, original visuals directed by Yuni Yoshida, and more.[89] In late November, Le Sserafim became the new official advertising models forIndeed in Japan, and a series of TV commercials featuring the group have been broadcast in Japan.[90] In March 2025,Blizzard Entertainment announced that they were going to collaborate with Le Sserafim for the 2nd time to promoteOverwatch 2, adding new in-game cosmetics based on the group.[91] In January 2026, a collaboration with the rhythm gameFriday Night Funkin' was released, featuring the single "Spaghetti" as a playable track alongside animated avatars of the group singing the song.[92]
In March 2025, Le Sserafim donated 50 millionKRW to the Hope Bridge National Disaster Relief Association for wildfire relief efforts fromwildfires in Ulsan, Gyeongbuk, and Gyeongnam regions.[93]
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^宮脇咲良らLE SSERAFIM、5人目はカズハ オランダでバレエを学んだ異色経歴 [Miyawaki Sakura and her team LE SSERAFIM, the fifth being Kazuha, who studied ballet in the Netherlands, a unique career path].Oricon (in Japanese). April 8, 2022.Archived from the original on April 16, 2022. RetrievedApril 25, 2022.
^미야와키 사쿠라·김채원 하이브 합류 "쏘스뮤직 걸그룹 데뷔 [Miyawaki Sakura and Kim Chae-won join Hybe "Source Music girl group debut"].Star News (in Korean). March 14, 2021.Archived from the original on March 21, 2022. RetrievedMarch 27, 2022.
^Jeong, Ji-won (March 21, 2022).하이브 측 "사쿠라·김채원 걸그룹, 5월 데뷔 목표"(공식) [Hybe side "Sakura and Kim Chae-won girl group aim to debut in May" (official)].Joynews24 (in Korean).Archived from the original on March 25, 2022. RetrievedMarch 28, 2022.
^Moon, Wan-shik (April 4, 2022).=르세라핌 사쿠라, 청순·도도·우아..Beautiful [Le Sserafim Sakura, innocence, dodo, elegance..Beautiful].Star News (in Korean).Archived from the original on April 4, 2022. RetrievedApril 6, 2022.
^Kim, Joo-hee (April 5, 2022).=르세라핌, 사쿠라 이어 김가람 공개...내일은 누구? [Le Sserafim, Sakura and Kim Garam revealed... who tomorrow?].Newsis (in Korean).Archived from the original on April 8, 2022. RetrievedApril 6, 2022.
^Ahn, Byung-gil (April 6, 2022).르세라핌 홍은채 공개 '2006년생 입니다'.Sports Trend (in Korean).Archived from the original on April 8, 2022. RetrievedApril 6, 2022.
^abOh, Yoon-ju (April 7, 2022).르세라핌, 리더 김채원 공개...시크+도도 '똑단발' 변신 [Le Sserafim, leader Kim Chae-won revealed... Chic + Dodo 'short hair' transformation] (in Korean). Star News.Archived from the original on April 8, 2022. RetrievedApril 7, 2022 – viaNaver.
^Yoon, Sang-geun (April 8, 2022).르세라핌 5번째 멤버는 카즈하..네덜란드 발레 전공 '우아한 비주얼' [The 5th member of Le Sserafim is Kazuha..Dutch ballet major 'Elegant Visual'].Star News (in Korean).Archived from the original on April 7, 2022. RetrievedApril 8, 2022.
^Ahn, Hana (April 9, 2022).르세라핌, 마지막 멤버 허윤진 공개...일렉 기타 메고 '당당+열정' [Le Sserafim, last member Huh Yun-jin revealed... Electric guitar carrying 'Dangdang + Passion'].MBN Star (in Korean).Archived from the original on April 9, 2022. RetrievedApril 9, 2022.
^르세라핌, 5월 2일 데뷔...하이브 '월클' 제작진 총출동 [Le Sserafim to debut on 2 May... Hybe's 'Waltz' crew in full force].X Sports News (in Korean). April 13, 2022.Archived from the original on April 13, 2022. RetrievedApril 13, 2022.
^Jung, Ga-young (April 30, 2022).르세라핌, 데뷔앨범 '피어리스' 선주문량 38만 장 돌파 [Le Sserafim, debut album 'Fearless' exceeds 380,000 pre-Orders].Sports World (in Korean).Archived from the original on May 1, 2022. RetrievedMay 1, 2022.
^Park, Soo-min (May 10, 2022).'더쇼' 르세라핌, 데뷔와 동시에 1위 "첫 앨범부터 많은♥ 받아 감사"[종합] ['The Show' Le Sserafim wins 1st place at the same time as their debut "Thanks for giving us a lot of ♥ for our first album"] (in Korean). MT Star News.Archived from the original on May 11, 2022. RetrievedMay 11, 2022 – viaNaver.
^하이브, '학폭 논란' 르세라핌 김가람 전속계약 해지 [공식] [Hybe cancels exclusive contract with Le Sserafim's Kim Garam over 'school violence controversy' [Official]].The Korea Economic Daily News (in Korean). July 20, 2022.Archived from the original on July 20, 2022. RetrievedJuly 20, 2022.
^Lee, Jeongyeon (November 25, 2022).르세라핌 연계 웹툰 '크림슨 하트' 네이버서 연재 [연예뉴스 HOT] [Le Sserafim-linked webtoon 'Crimson Heart' serialized on Naver [Entertainment News HOT]] (in Korean).Sports Donga.Archived from the original on November 25, 2022. RetrievedNovember 25, 2022.
^"LE SSERAFIMが来年1月に日本デビュー" [LE SSERAFIM to debut in Japan next January]. November 25, 2022.Archived from the original on November 25, 2022. RetrievedJuly 19, 2023.
^"LE SSERAFIMが初ドラマ主題歌 初の日本オリジナル曲「Choices」" [LE SSERAFIM's first drama theme song is 'Choices', their first original Japanese song.].Oricon (in Japanese). January 6, 2023.Archived from the original on January 13, 2023. RetrievedJuly 19, 2023.
^Moon, Wan-suk (March 16, 2023).[단독]르세라핌, 5월 컴백 확정 [[Exclusive] Le Sserafim confirms comeback in May] (in Korean). MT Star News.Archived from the original on April 13, 2023. RetrievedApril 14, 2023 – viaNaver.
^Yoon, Ji-hyun (April 3, 2023).르세라핌, 정규 1집 'Unforgiven' 발매...5월 1일 컴백 [공식입장] [Le Sserafim Releases 1st Full-length Album 'Unforgiven'...Come back on May 1st. [Official entrance]] (in Korean). Xports News.Archived from the original on April 14, 2023. RetrievedApril 14, 2023 – viaNaver.
^르세라핌, 첫 단독 투어 개최...8월 서울서 시작 [공식] [Le Sserafim, first solo tour... Starting in Seoul in August [Official]] (in Korean). June 28, 2023.Archived from the original on July 1, 2023. RetrievedJuly 1, 2023.
^Mun, Wan-sik (October 12, 2023).르세라핌, 첫 영어 디지털 싱글 'Perfect Night' 27일 발표 [Le Sserafim will release their first English digital single "Perfect Night" on the 27th] (in Korean). Star News.Archived from the original on October 12, 2023. RetrievedOctober 12, 2023 – viaNaver.
^Ahn, Ha-na (January 22, 2024).르세라핌 컴백, 2월 19일 돌아온다...당당한 모습+이면의 불안과 고민 표현 [Le Sserafim comeback, returns on February 19... confident appearance + expression of anxiety and worry that cannot be seen in front] (in Korean).Maeil Broadcasting Network.Archived from the original on January 25, 2024. RetrievedJanuary 22, 2024 – viaNaver.
^Lee, Kyung-ho (February 23, 2024).르세라핌, 'EASY' 영어 버전 팔표..글로벌 인기 가속도 [Le Sserafim's 'EASY' English version announced..Global popularity accelerates] (in Korean). Star News.Archived from the original on February 23, 2024. RetrievedFebruary 23, 2024 – viaNaver.
^Lee, Kyung-ho (March 22, 2024).르세라핌, 영어 버전 포함 'Smart' 리믹스 음원 9종 깜짝 공개 [Le Sserafim surprisingly releases 9 remixes of 'Smart' including English version] (in Korean). Star News.Archived from the original on March 22, 2024. RetrievedMarch 22, 2024 – viaNaver.
^Choi, Yi-jung (August 5, 2024)."그냥 미쳐보자" 르세라핌, 8월 30일 컴백 확정..미니 4집 'CRAZY' [공식] ["Let's just go crazy" Le Sserafim, comeback confirmed on August 30th..4th mini album 'CRAZY' [Official]] (in Korean). Osen.Archived from the original on August 5, 2024. RetrievedAugust 5, 2024 – viaNaver.
^Seon, Mi-gyeong (September 2, 2024).르세라핌, 오늘(2일) 'CRAZY' 영어 버전으로 만난다 [Le Sserafim, today (2nd) we meet the English version of 'CRAZY'] (in Korean). Osen.Archived from the original on September 2, 2024. RetrievedSeptember 5, 2024 – viaNaver.
^Kim, Myeong-mi (October 18, 2024).르세라핌, 12월11일 세 번째 일본 싱글 'CRAZY' 발매[공식] [Le Sserafim to release third Japanese single 'CRAZY' on December 11 [Official]] (in Korean). Newsen.Archived from the original on November 10, 2024. RetrievedOctober 19, 2024 – viaNaver.
^Lee, Min-ji (February 17, 2025).르세라핌, 3월 14일 미니 5집 'HOT' 발매...핫하게 돌아온다 [Le Sserafim, 5th mini album 'HOT' to be released on March 14th... Hot return] (in Korean). Newsen.Archived from the original on February 17, 2025. RetrievedFebruary 17, 2025 – viaNaver.
^Mun, Wan-sik (March 17, 2025).르세라핌, 'HOT' 영어 버전 리믹스 발매→퍼포먼스 필름 공개 [Le Sserafim releases English version and remix of 'HOT' → Performance film released] (in Korean). Star News.Archived from the original on March 18, 2025. RetrievedMarch 18, 2025 – viaNaver.
^Ji, Min-kyung (February 28, 2025).르세라핌, 첫 월드투어 'EASY CRAZY HOT' 개최..4월 인천서 포문 [Le Sserafim holds first world tour 'EASY CRAZY HOT'.. April in Incheon] (in Korean). Osen.Archived from the original on February 28, 2025. RetrievedFebruary 28, 2025 – viaNaver.
^An, Tae-hyun (September 29, 2025).르세라핌, 10월 24일 새 싱글 '스파게티' 발매...7개월만의 컴백 [Le Sserafim to release new single 'Spaghetti' on October 24th, making a comeback after seven months] (in Korean). News1.Archived from the original on September 29, 2025. RetrievedSeptember 29, 2025 – viaNaver.
^Kim, So-hyung (March 22, 2023).르세라핌, 광동제약 '비타500 제로' 모델 발탁 [Le Sserafim, selected as model for Kwangdong Pharmaceutical's 'Vita 500 Zero'].Naver (in Korean).Archived from the original on March 22, 2023. RetrievedOctober 1, 2024.
^Kim, Hyun-sik (October 13, 2023).르세라핌, 루이비통 하우스 앰버서더 발탁 [Le Sserafim selected as Louis Vuitton House Ambassador].Naver (in Korean).Archived from the original on March 28, 2025. RetrievedSeptember 27, 2024.
^Lee, Hyeong-jin (June 3, 2024).하이볼 대표 브랜드 짐빔, '즐겨봐, 우리대로!' 글로벌 캠페인 전개 [Jim Beam, the representative highball brand, launches a global campaign called 'Enjoy it, our way!'].News1 (in Korean).Archived from the original on June 3, 2024. RetrievedSeptember 27, 2024 – viaNaver.
^Moon, Wan-sik (August 22, 2024).르세라핌, 맘스터치 새 뮤즈 발탁.Star News (in Korean). RetrievedDecember 2, 2024 – viaNaver.
^Kim, Moon-ki (September 23, 2024).[뉴템] 소니, 르세라핌 글로벌 앰배서더 발탁...1000XM5 스모키 핑크 에디션 출시 [[New Item] Sony Selects Le Sserafim Global Ambassador... 1000XM5 Smoky Pink Edition Released].Digital Daily (in Korean).Archived from the original on September 23, 2024. RetrievedSeptember 27, 2024 – viaNaver.
^ジェラピケ、韓国に初のフラッグシップストアをオープン！LE SSERAFIMをグローバルビジュアルに起用 [Gelato Pique opens its first flagship store in Korea! Le Sserafim is featured as the global visual].Kstyle (in Japanese). August 20, 2024.Archived from the original on October 8, 2024. RetrievedSeptember 27, 2024.
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^Choi, Yoon-jeong (September 22, 2022).르세라핌 홍은채, 언니들을 '언니'라 부르지 못한 사연?...'르니버스' [Le Sserafim's Hong Eun-chae, the story of not being able to call the sisters 'sisters'?...'Leniverse'] (in Korean).Newsis.Archived from the original on September 25, 2022. RetrievedSeptember 25, 2022 – viaNaver.
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^Moon, Wan-sik (August 17, 2023).'자체 콘텐츠 최강자' 르세라핌, 'DAY OFF 시즌 3' 공개 ['Strongest in self-content' Le Sserafim, 'DAY OFF Season 3' released] (in Korean). Star News.Archived from the original on August 22, 2023. RetrievedAugust 22, 2023 – viaNaver.
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Primary sources
In the text, these references are preceded by a double dagger (‡):
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