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Law enforcement inSri Lanka falls under the jurisdiction of theSri Lanka Police, the nationallaw enforcement agency, along with localcommunity police andGrama Niladhari.
Additionally, the Sri Lanka Police encompasses several specialized agencies. TheCriminal Investigation Department (CID) is a national unit responsible for investigating serious crimes. TheSpecial Task Force handlesCounter-Terrorist andCounter-Insurgency operations. Other divisions include the Traffic Police, Police Narcotic Bureau, Security Council under DIG Valentine S. Vamadevan, and the Children & Women Bureau created in 1979.
Limited law enforcement authority is also given to other departments of the government for specific reasons. TheSri Lanka Customs and Department of Excise have certain police powers within ports, airports, and othercustoms andexcise related matters. TheCommission to Investigate Allegation of Bribery or Corruption (CIABOC), commonly referred to as theBribery Commission, has powers to arrest persons suspected of bribery or corruption. TheDepartment of Coast Guard exercises law enforcement powers in the territorial waters of Sri Lanka. The military police has police powers limited to military personnel, primarily for internal investigation and guarding military facilities.
Since ancient times, judicial and law enforcement duties were carried out in local kingdoms in the Sri Lanka by officials appointed to administrate provinces or districts. These officers include officers such asDissavas and continued until the closure of theNative Department in the 1930s.
Modern policing was introduced to the island by the British in 1797 with the appointment of aFiscal for the town of Colombo. Being a garrison town and a military fort, aTown Major oversaw policing and patrolling in and out of the town.
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The Sri Lankan Coast Guard was established in 2010 and is under the purview of the Ministry of Defence. Coast Guard officers are considered aspeace officers under the Code of Criminal Procedure Act of 1979.[1]
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