_chloride.jpg) Anhydrous | |||
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| Names | |||
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| Other names Lanthanum trichloride | |||
| Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol) | |||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.202 | ||
| EC Number |
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| Properties | |||
| LaCl3 | |||
| Molar mass | 245.264 g/mol (anhydrous) 353.36 g/mol (hexahydrate) 371.37 g/mol (heptahydrate) | ||
| Appearance | white odorless powder hygroscopic | ||
| Density | 3.84 g/cm3[1] | ||
| Melting point | 858 °C (1,576 °F; 1,131 K) (anhydrous)[1] | ||
| Boiling point | 1,000 °C (1,830 °F; 1,270 K) (anhydrous) | ||
| 957 g/L (25 °C)[1] | |||
| Solubility | soluble inethanol (heptahydrate) | ||
| Structure[2] | |||
| hexagonal (UCl3 type),hP8 | |||
| P63/m, No. 176 | |||
a = 0.74779 nm,b = 0.74779 nm,c = 0.43745 nm | |||
Formula units (Z) | 2 | ||
| Tricapped trigonal prismatic,(nine-coordinate) | |||
| Related compounds | |||
Otheranions | Lanthanum oxide | ||
Othercations | Cerium(III) chloride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
Lanthanum chloride is theinorganic compound with theformulaLaCl3. It is a common salt oflanthanum which is mainly used in research. It is a white solid that is highly soluble in water and alcohols.
Anhydrous lanthanum(III) chloride can be produced by theammonium chloride route.[3][4][5] In the first step,lanthanum oxide is heated withammonium chloride to produce the ammonium salt of thepentachloride:
In the second step, the ammonium chloride salt is converted to the trichlorides by heating in a vacuum at 350-400 °C:
Lanthanum chloride is also used in biochemical research to block the activity of divalentcation channels, mainlycalcium channels. Doped withcerium, it is used as ascintillator material.[6]
Inorganic synthesis, lanthanum trichloride functions as a mildLewis acid for convertingaldehydes toacetals.[7]
The compound has been identified as acatalyst for the high pressure oxidative chlorination ofmethane tochloromethane withhydrochloric acid andoxygen.[8] InFluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC), lanthanum chloride enhances catalysts to convert heavy crude into valuable fuels like gasoline and diesel.[9]
Also used in the field of geology as a very dilute solution, which when combined with the proper acids can help identify small >1% Strontium content in powdered rock samples.
Lanthanum chloride also contributes to environmental remediation by promoting- the catalytic transformation of pollutants, such asnitrogen oxides (NOx),volatile organic compounds (VOCs),sulfur dioxide (SO₂), andphosphate ions, into less harmful products.[10] It can also be commercially viable and significantly outperform conventional materials such as ion exchange resins, activated carbons, andiron oxides in water andwastewater treatment, especially for the removal of anionic pollutants.[11]
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