Langzhong 阆中市 | |
|---|---|
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.png) Location of Langzhong City (red) in Nanchong City (yellow) and Sichuan | |
  Langzhong Location of the city centre in Sichuan | |
| Coordinates (Langzhong government):31°33′29″N106°00′18″E / 31.558°N 106.005°E /31.558; 106.005 | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Sichuan |
| Prefecture-level city | Nanchong |
| Municipal seat | Qili Subdistrict |
| Area | |
| 1,877 km2 (725 sq mi) | |
| Highest elevation | 888 m (2,913 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 328 m (1,076 ft) |
| Population | |
| 622,667 | |
| • Density | 330/km2 (860/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 303,044 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard Time) |
| Website | www |
| Langzhong | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 閬中 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 阆中 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | Within the DryMoat | ||||||
| |||||||
| Former names | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baoning | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 保寧 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 保宁 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | Pacified-Protecting | ||||||
| |||||||
Langzhong (formerly known asPaoning) is acounty-level city in northeasternSichuan province, China, located on the middle reaches of theJialing River. It is administered as part of theprefecture-level city ofNanchong. Langzhong has a total population of 622,667, with 303,044 residing in the urban area in 2020.[1][2]
Langzhong is famous for its historic centre, home to 30,000 of its residents.[3][4][5] It is one of the best preserved historic towns of China, dating back to theTang dynasty.[6] The city was also the seat of the formerAnglican Diocese of Szechwan.
The site of present-day Langzhong served for a time as the capital ofBa, a native butsinicizedSichuan state duringChina'sWarring States period. It takes its present name from its role as the seat ofLangzhong County, established byQin two years after[7]its 316 BC conquest ofShu and Ba. Under theHan andTang, it was an important center forastronomical research. Under theYuan,Ming, andQing, it was known asBaoning.[a] Over the late imperial period, it served as Sichuan's provincial capital for a total of ten years. It was well known forits salt wells.[8] It has also long been an important military town of Sichuan.[9]
The old town of Langzhong is built according toFeng shui principles. The dedicated military, trade and residential quarters of the town are located in a location corresponding to a particular element in Feng shui. The town itself is position centrally with respect to 4 mountains around it.[10][11]
Since 1985, the PRC government has awarded Langzhong with various accolades on three separate occasions.[7] In 1986 the State Council named it a famous and historical town. In 1991, it was finally upgraded to county-level city status.
Langzhong is located in the northeast of the province and the northern part of theSichuan Basin on the middle reaches of theJialing River. Within the city's administrative area, elevations generally increase from southwest to northeast and range from 328 metres (1,076 ft) to 888 metres (2,913 ft), while rivers flow for 59.4 kilometres (36.9 mi).[7] The area is dominated by low-lying mountains and hills.
As with much of the rest of the province, Langzhong has amonsoon-influencedhumid subtropical climate (KöppenCwa), with dry, temperate winters, and long, hot, humid summers. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 6.1 °C (43.0 °F) in January to 26.7 °C (80.1 °F) in July. The frost-free period lasts 290 days per year, while annual sunshine amounts to 1,400 hours.[7] Close to two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September.
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| Climate data for Langzhong, elevation 383 m (1,257 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.8 (69.4) | 23.6 (74.5) | 31.1 (88.0) | 34.9 (94.8) | 36.4 (97.5) | 36.3 (97.3) | 39.6 (103.3) | 40.6 (105.1) | 37.9 (100.2) | 31.3 (88.3) | 27.0 (80.6) | 18.6 (65.5) | 40.6 (105.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.9 (49.8) | 12.8 (55.0) | 17.8 (64.0) | 23.5 (74.3) | 27.2 (81.0) | 29.6 (85.3) | 32.0 (89.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 26.7 (80.1) | 21.5 (70.7) | 16.5 (61.7) | 10.9 (51.6) | 21.7 (71.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.3 (43.3) | 8.8 (47.8) | 12.9 (55.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 24.9 (76.8) | 27.2 (81.0) | 26.9 (80.4) | 22.4 (72.3) | 17.5 (63.5) | 12.6 (54.7) | 7.7 (45.9) | 17.3 (63.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) | 6.0 (42.8) | 9.4 (48.9) | 13.9 (57.0) | 17.8 (64.0) | 21.2 (70.2) | 23.6 (74.5) | 23.2 (73.8) | 19.6 (67.3) | 15.1 (59.2) | 10.2 (50.4) | 5.5 (41.9) | 14.1 (57.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.1 (26.4) | −1.7 (28.9) | −0.9 (30.4) | 4.0 (39.2) | 10.0 (50.0) | 14.3 (57.7) | 17.4 (63.3) | 17.0 (62.6) | 13.3 (55.9) | 2.6 (36.7) | 0.7 (33.3) | −4.1 (24.6) | −4.1 (24.6) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 13.9 (0.55) | 15.9 (0.63) | 30.9 (1.22) | 63.6 (2.50) | 112.4 (4.43) | 161.0 (6.34) | 190.0 (7.48) | 162.1 (6.38) | 147.8 (5.82) | 66.9 (2.63) | 30.7 (1.21) | 11.2 (0.44) | 1,006.4 (39.63) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 7.5 | 7.0 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 12.3 | 13.1 | 13.3 | 11.0 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 8.2 | 6.5 | 125.6 |
| Average snowy days | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 79 | 75 | 72 | 72 | 71 | 76 | 78 | 76 | 81 | 83 | 81 | 80 | 77 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 46.4 | 50.6 | 88.9 | 120.0 | 129.3 | 117.0 | 150.2 | 165.9 | 88.5 | 68.3 | 58.7 | 43.7 | 1,127.5 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 14 | 16 | 24 | 31 | 30 | 28 | 35 | 41 | 24 | 19 | 19 | 14 | 25 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[12][13] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[14] | |||||||||||||
Langzhong comprises 5 subdistricts, 19 towns, 3 townships and 1 ethnic township:[15]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878). "China".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (9th ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.