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Landing Zones 1 and 2

Coordinates:28°29′09″N80°32′40″W / 28.48583°N 80.54444°W /28.48583; -80.54444
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromLanding Zone 1)
SpaceX's landing facility at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
This article is about the Florida landing zones. For LZ-4, the California landing zone, seeSpaceX Landing Zone 4.
Landing Zone 1 and 2
Thefirst-stage booster coreB1019 ofFalcon 9 flight 20 approaching Landing Zone 1 in December 2015
Map
Launch siteCape Canaveral Space Force Station
Coordinates28°29′09″N80°32′40″W / 28.48583°N 80.54444°W /28.48583; -80.54444
Short nameLZ-1, LZ-2
OperatorSpaceX
LZ-1 landing history
StatusActive
Landings51 (50 successful, 1 failure)
First landing21 December 2015 (Falcon 9 flight 20)
Last landing24 March 2025 (NROL-69)
Associated
rockets		Falcon 9 Full Thrust,Falcon Heavy,Falcon 9 Block 5
LZ-2 landing history
StatusActive
Landings11 (all successful)
First landing6 February 2018 (Falcon Heavy test flight)
Last landing25 June 2024 (GOES-U)
Associated
rockets		Falcon Heavy,Falcon 9 Block 5

Landing Zone 1 and Landing Zone 2, also known asLZ-1 and LZ-2 respectively, are landing facilities atCape Canaveral Space Force Station used bySpaceX. They allow the company to land the first stage of itsFalcon 9 rocket or the two side boosters of itsFalcon Heavy rocket.

The facilities were built on land leased in February 2015 on the site of the formerLaunch Complex 13.[1][2] Landing Zone 1 saw its first use on 21 December 2015 whenB1019 touched down duringFalcon 9 flight 20. Landing Zone 2 was added ahead of the firstFalcon Heavy test flight on 6 February 2018. During a Falcon Heavy launch, both LZs are used, allowing the two side boosters to land simultaneously.

Site

[edit]

Landing Zones 1 and 2 are located at the former location of Launch Complex 13, which has been demolished and replaced by two circular landing pads 282 feet (86 m) in diameter and marked with a stylizedX from the SpaceX company logo.[3][4] Four more 150 feet (46 m) diameter pads were initially planned to be built to support the simultaneous recovery of additional boosters used by theFalcon Heavy, although only one extra pad has been built. Planned infrastructure additions to support operations includes improved roadways for crane movement, a rocket pedestal area, remote-controlled fire suppression systems in case of a landing failure, and a large concrete foundation, away from the future three landing pads, for attaching the booster stage when taking the rocket from vertical to horizontal orientation.[4]

Operations at the facility began after seven earlierlanding tests by SpaceX, five of which involved intentional descents into the open ocean, followed by two failed landing tests on an ocean-going platform.[5][6]As of March 2, 2015, the Air Force's sign for LC-13 was briefly replaced with a sign identifying it asLanding Complex.[7] The site was renamedLanding Zone prior to its first use as a landing site.[8][9]Elon Musk indicated in January 2016 that he thought the likelihood of successful landings for all of the attempted landings in 2016 would be approximately 70 percent, hopefully rising to 90 percent in 2017, and cautioned that the company expects a few more failures.[10]

In July 2016, SpaceX applied for permission to build two additional landing pads at Landing Zone 1 for landing the boosters from Falcon Heavy flights.[11]

In May 2017, construction on a second, smaller pad began, called Landing Zone 2. This pad is located about 1,017 feet (310 m) to the northwest of the first pad and is used for landing Falcon Heavy side boosters.[12] By June 2017, the landing pad was modified with a radar reflective paint, to aid with landing precision.[13]

Falcon 9 boosters mostly land on LZ-1 pad and rarely land on LZ-2, except in cases when a Cape Canaveral launched booster cannot land on LZ-1, as a previous booster is still sitting on that pad, as in case ofHakuto-R Mission 1's booster B1073.5 on 11 December 2022. The LZ-1 was already occupied byOneweb Flight#15's booster B1069.4 launched on 8 December 2022, so LZ-2 was used by a Falcon 9 for the first time.

Landing history

[edit]

LZ-1

[edit]
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
2015
'16
'17
'18
'19
'20
'21
'22
'23
'24
'25
  •   Falcon 9 Success
  •   Falcon Heavy Success
  •   Falcon 9 Failure
  •   Falcon Heavy Failure

LZ-2

[edit]
1
2
3
4
2015
'16
'17
'18
'19
'20
'21
'22
'23
'24
'25
  •   Falcon 9 Success
  •   Falcon Heavy Success
  •   Falcon 9 Failure
  •   Falcon Heavy Failure

Booster landings

[edit]
25
50
75
100
125
150
'10
'11
'12
'13
'14
'15
'16
'17
'18
'19
'20
'21
'22
'23
'24
'25
  •   Ground-pad failure
  •   Drone-ship failure
  •   Ocean test failure[a]
  •   Parachute test failure[b]
  •   Ground-pad success
  •   Drone-ship success
  •   Ocean test success[c]
  •   No attempt

Detailed history

[edit]

For landings at sea, seeAutonomous spaceport drone ship

After approval from theFAA, SpaceX accomplished its first successful landing at the complex withFalcon 9 flight 20 on December 22, 2015UTC;[14] this was the 8thcontrolled-descent test of a Falcon 9 first stage.[9][15] A second successful landing at LZ-1 took place shortly after midnight, local time (EDT) on July 18, 2016, as part of theCRS-9 mission, which was the Falcon 9's 27th flight.[16] The third successful landing was by theCRS-10 mission's first stage on February 19, 2017, which was the Falcon 9's 30th flight.[17] Landing Zone 2 was first used by the maiden launch ofFalcon Heavy on February 6, 2018, when the rocket's two side boosters touched down on LZ-1 and LZ-2.[18]

  • A person standing in the middle of the main landing pad demonstrates its size.
    A person standing in the middle of the main landing pad demonstrates its size.
  • Sign at entrance to Landing Zone 1 site
    Sign at entrance to Landing Zone 1 site
  • Launch and landing traces of Falcon 9 Flight 20, from launch pad SLC-40 to landing pad LZ-1
    Launch and landing traces of Falcon 9 Flight 20, from launch padSLC-40 to landing pad LZ-1
  • First stage of Falcon 9 Flight 20 on the pad shortly after landing
    First stage of Falcon 9 Flight 20 on the pad shortly after landing
  • Recovery operations after Falcon 9 Flight 20 landing
    Recovery operations after Falcon 9 Flight 20 landing
  • Double return of Falcon Heavy test flight boosters
    Double return of Falcon Heavy test flight boosters
Date (UTC)MissionLaunch vehicle
Booster ID		Flight №Landing ZoneLandingResult
December 22, 2015 01:39OG2-F2Falcon 9 Full Thrust
B1019.1		20LZ-1
Success
July 18, 2016 04:53SpaceX CRS-9Falcon 9 Full Thrust
B1025.1		27LZ-1
Success
February 19, 2017 14:47SpaceX CRS-10Falcon 9 Full Thrust
B1031.1		30LZ-1Success
May 1, 2017 11:24NROL-76Falcon 9 Full Thrust
B1032.1		33LZ-1Success
June 3, 2017 21:15SpaceX CRS-11Falcon 9 Full Thrust
B1035.1		35LZ-1Success
August 14, 2017 16:39SpaceX CRS-12Falcon 9 Block 4
B1039.1		39LZ-1Success
September 7, 2017OTV-5 (X-37B)Falcon 9 Block 4
B1040.1		41LZ-1Success
December 15, 2017SpaceX CRS-13Falcon 9 Full Thrust
B1035.2		45LZ-1Success
January 8, 2018ZumaFalcon 9 Block 4
B1043.1		47LZ-1Success
February 6, 2018Elon Musk's Tesla RoadsterFalcon Heavy
B1023.2, B1025.2		FH #1LZ-1
B1023.2		LZ-2
B1025.2		Success
B1023.2		Success
B1025.2
December 5, 2018SpaceX CRS-16Falcon 9 Block 5
B1050.1		65LZ-1Failure
(Landed in ocean)
April 11, 2019Arabsat-6AFalcon Heavy
B1052.1, B1053.1		FH #2LZ-1
B1052.1		LZ-2
B1053.1		Success
B1052.1		Success
B1053.1
June 25, 2019STP-2Falcon Heavy
B1052.2, B1053.2		FH #3LZ-1
B1052.2		LZ-2
B1053.2		Success
B1052.2		Success
B1053.2
July 25, 2019SpaceX CRS-18Falcon 9 Block 5

B1056.2

73LZ-1Success
March 7, 2020SpaceX CRS-20Falcon 9 Block 5

B1059.2

82LZ-1Success
August 30, 2020SAOCOM 1BFalcon 9 Block 5

B1059.4

92LZ-1Success
December 19, 2020NROL-108Falcon 9 Block 5

B1059.5

103LZ-1Success
June 25, 2021Transporter-2Falcon 9 Block 5

B1060.8

123LZ-1Success
January 13, 2022Transporter-3Falcon 9 Block 5

B1058.10

136LZ-1Success
January 31, 2022CSG-2Falcon 9 Block 5

B1052.3

138LZ-1Success
May 25, 2022Transporter-5Falcon 9 Block 5

B1061.8

156LZ-1Success
November 1, 2022USSF-44Falcon Heavy
B1064.1, B1065.1		FH #4LZ-1
B1064.1		LZ-2
B1065.1		Success
B1064.1		Success
B1065.1
December 8, 2022OneWeb #15Falcon 9 Block 5

B1069.4

188LZ-1Success
December 11, 2022Hakuto-R Mission 1[19]
(including Transformable Lunar Robot andEmirates Lunar Mission)[20][21]
Lunar Flashlight[22]		Falcon 9 Block 5

B1073.5

189LZ-2Success
January 3, 2023Transporter-6Falcon 9 Block 5

B1060.15

195LZ-1Success
January 10, 2023OneWeb #16Falcon 9 Block 5

B1076.2

196LZ-1Success
January 15, 2023USSF-67Falcon Heavy
B1065.2, B1064.2		FH #5LZ-1
B1065.2		LZ-2
B1064.2		Success
B1065.2		Success
B1064.2
March 9, 2023OneWeb #17Falcon 9 Block 5

B1062.13

209LZ-1Success
May 21, 2023Axiom Mission 2Falcon 9 Block 5

B1080.1

226LZ-1Success
July 29, 2023EchoStar 24 (Jupiter 3)Falcon Heavy

B1064.3, B1065.3

FH #7LZ-1

B1064.3

LZ-2

B1065.3

Success
B1064.3		Success
B1065.3
August 26, 2023SpaceX Crew-7Falcon 9 Block 5

B1081.1

249LZ-1Success
October 13, 2023PsycheFalcon Heavy

B1064.4, B1065.4

FH #8LZ-1

B1064.4

LZ-2

B1065.4

Success
B1064.4		Success
B1065.4
November 10, 2023SpaceX CRS-29Falcon 9 Block 5

B1081.2

271LZ-1Success
December 29, 2023USSF-52 (Boeing X-37B)Falcon Heavy

B1064.5, B1065.5

FH #9LZ-1

B1064.5

LZ-2

B1065.5

Success
B1064.5		Success
B1065.5
January 3, 2024Ovzon-3Falcon 9 Block 5

B1076.10

287LZ-1Success
January 18, 2024Axiom Mission 3Falcon 9 Block 5

B1080.5

291LZ-1Success
January 30, 2024Cygnus NG-20Falcon 9 Block 5

B1077.10

295LZ-1Success
February 8, 2024PACEFalcon 9 Block 5

B1081.4

296LZ-1Success
February 14, 2024USSF-124Falcon 9 Block 5

B1078.7

298LZ-2Success
February 15, 2024IM-1Nova-C Odysseus lunar landerFalcon 9 Block 5

B1060.18

299LZ-1Success
March 4, 2024SpaceX Crew-8Falcon 9 Block 5

B1083.1

305LZ-1Success
March 21, 2024SpaceX CRS-30Falcon 9 Block 5

B1080.6

312LZ-1Success
April 7, 2024Bandwagon-1, SmallSat RideshareFalcon 9 Block 5

B1073.14

320LZ-1Success
June 25, 2024GOES-UFalcon Heavy

B1072.1, B1086.1

FH #10LZ-1

B1072.1

LZ-2

B1086.1

Success
B1072.1		Success
B1086.1
August 4, 2024Cygnus NG-21Falcon 9 Block 5

B1080.10

360LZ-1Success
August 15, 2024WorldView Legion 3 & 4 (2 Sats)Falcon 9 Block 5

B1076.16

364LZ-1Success
September 12, 2024BlueBird Block 1 #1-5Falcon 9 Block 5

B1078.13

373LZ-1Success
September 28, 2024SpaceX Crew-9Falcon 9 Block 5

B1085.2

378LZ-1Success
November 5, 2024SpaceX CRS-31Falcon 9 Block 5

B1083.5

389LZ-1Success
November 11, 2024Koreasat 6AFalcon 9 Block 5

B1067.23

392LZ-1Success
February 4, 2025WorldView Legion 5 & 6 (2 Sats)Falcon 9 Block 5

B1086.4

433LZ-1Success
March 14, 2025SpaceX Crew-10Falcon 9 Block 5

B1090.2

446LZ-1Success
March 24, 2025NROL-69Falcon 9 Block 5

B1092.2

451LZ-1Success

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toLanding Zone 1.
Wikimedia Commons has media related toLanding Zone 2.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Controlled descent; ocean touchdown control failed; no recovery
  2. ^Passive reentry failed before parachute deployment
  3. ^Controlled descent; soft vertical ocean touchdown; no recovery

References

[edit]
  1. ^"45th Space Wing, SpaceX sign first-ever landing pad agreement at the Cape" (Press release). 45th Space Wing Public Affairs. 10 February 2015. Retrieved10 February 2015.
  2. ^Gruss, Mike (10 February 2015)."SpaceX Leases Florida Launch Pad for Rocket Landings".Space.com. Retrieved12 February 2015.
  3. ^Davenport, Christian (21 December 2015)."Elon Musk's SpaceX returns to flight and pulls off dramatic, historic landing".The Washington Post.
  4. ^ab"Draft Environmental Assessment for the Space Exploration Technologies Vertical Landing of the Falcon Vehicle and Construction at Launch Complex 13 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Florida"(PDF).USAF. October 2014. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2015-01-08. Retrieved2015-12-23.
  5. ^James Dean (6 January 2015)."SpaceX to try landing booster on a sea platform".Florida Today. Retrieved8 February 2015.
  6. ^Graham, William (8 February 2015)."SpaceX Falcon 9 ready for DSCOVR mission".NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved8 February 2015.
  7. ^"SpaceX - SpaceX's Photos - Facebook".facebook.com.
  8. ^Bergin, Chris (2015-12-18)."SpaceX Falcon 9 Static Fires ahead of OG2 RTF mission". NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved2015-12-19.All that is currently known for this mission is SpaceX's ambition to conduct a historic landing on its new Cape Canaveral landing pad, officially known as LZ-1 (Landing Zone -1), but also tagged "X.
  9. ^ab"Rocket landing at Cape Canaveral planned after SpaceX launch".SpaceflightNow. 2015-12-19. Retrieved2015-12-21.
  10. ^Elon Musk [@elonmusk] (19 January 2016)."My best guess for 2016: ~70% landing success rate (so still a few more RUDs to go), then hopefully improving to ~90% in 2017" (Tweet) – viaTwitter.
  11. ^Santana, Marco (18 July 2016)."SpaceX seeks approval for two additional landing pads on Space Coast".Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved20 July 2016.
  12. ^"LZ-1 to LZ-2 distance estimate".imgur. JerWah. Retrieved12 September 2018.
  13. ^Elon Musk [@elonmusk] (4 June 2017)."@Pandora659 Yeah, pretty much dead center. We painted the target area with radio reflective paint, which helps the radar be more precise" (Tweet) – viaTwitter.
  14. ^Graham, William (2015-12-21)."SpaceX returns to flight with OG2, nails historic core return". NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved2015-12-21.During Monday's launch, the first stage made its historic return to LZ-1 and successfully landed in a milestone event for SpaceX.
  15. ^Dean, James (2015-12-01)."SpaceX wants to land next booster at Cape Canaveral".Florida Today. Retrieved2 December 2015.
  16. ^SpaceX launches space station docking port for NASA, The Associated Press, July 18, 2016
  17. ^Clark, Stephen (19 February 2017)."Historic launch pad back in service with thundering blastoff by SpaceX".Spaceflight Now. Retrieved5 March 2017.
  18. ^Gebhardt, Chris (6 February 2018)."SpaceX successfully debuts Falcon Heavy in demonstration launch from KSC – NASASpaceFlight.com".NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved7 February 2018.
  19. ^"Ispace".
  20. ^Elizabeth Howell (2021-05-27)."Japan will send a transforming robot ball to the moon to test lunar rover tech".Space.com. Retrieved2022-10-17.
  21. ^"Data Acquisition on the Lunar Surface with a Transformable Lunar Robot, Assisting Development of the Crewed Pressurized Rover".JAXA (Press release). 27 May 2021. Retrieved14 October 2022.
  22. ^"Rocket Launch Viewing Guide For Cape Canaveral".www.launchphotography.com. Retrieved2022-10-17.

External links

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