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| Schleswig-Holstein State Police Landespolizei Schleswig-Holstein | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | January 1, 1947 |
| Employees | 8,736[1] |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| Operations jurisdiction |  Schleswig-Holstein, Germany |
 | |
| Location of Schleswig-Holstein shown in Germany | |
| Size | 15.799,65 km² |
| Population | 2,881,926 |
| General nature | |
| Operational structure | |
| Overseen by | Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior, Municipal Affairs, Housing and Sports (Ministerium für Inneres, Kommunales, Wohnen und Sport) |
| Headquarters | Kiel |
| Agency executive |
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| Website | |
| Polizei Schleswig-Holstein | |
Schleswig-Holstein Police (German:Landespolizei Schleswig-Holstein) is a state law-enforcement agency inSchleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is subordinated to the Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior, Municipal Affairs, Housing and Sports.[2]
The Police in Schleswig-Holstein are responsible for averting dangers topublic order and safety, and to aid and notifyAuthorities tasked with Public Safety if necessary, as well as to determine andinvestigatemisdemeanors.[3] Part of averting dangers to Public Safety is responding to Emergencies.[4][3] Furthermore, the Police must investigate Crime according to § 163 StPO.[5]
The Schleswig-Holstein Police is equipped with blue Uniforms, which is used inHamburg,Bremen,Lower-Saxony,Thuringia andMecklenburg-Vorpommern as well.[6][7][8] Unlike the other States using the uniform,Schleswig-Holstein has opted to equip their Officers with whiteservice caps.[9] Officers are equipped withpepper spray,[10]batons[11] and WalterP99Q-Pistols.[12] Patrol cars are also equipped withHeckler und Koch MP5 andSigSauer MCX.[13] BothMP5 andMCX are to be replaced with theHeckler und Koch 437.[14]Tasers are currently being field-tested by Officers inNeumünster andAhrensburg.[11]
As per thePolizeiorganisationsgesetz of 2004 (Police organisation law), the Schleswig-Holstein State Police was reorganised into theLandespolizeiamt (State Office of the Police) and theLandeskriminalamt (State Office of Criminal Investigation).[15]
The Landeskriminalamt (commonly abbreviated as LKA) oversees operation of theKriminalpolizei (Criminal Investigation Police) within Schleswig-Holstein and coordinates large-scale and high-profile criminal investigations.[16] It is divided into five Departments which are tasked with administrative duties, Investigation and Analysis, State security, Forensics and tactical Units.[16]
Each year, the Landeskriminalamt Schleswig-Holstein publishescrime statistics (Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik) as well as a study on unreported criminal activity (Dunkelfeldstudie).[17]
The LKA's current head of department isThomas Bauchrowitz.[18]
The Landespolizeiamt deals with matters of human resources, administration, budget and acquisition of material. It is divided into a staff position and four sections. They are Police Management, IT-Management, Human Resource Management andWaterways Police.[19] The Landespolizeiamt is headed by theLandespolizeidirektorinDr. Marhen Freyher.[20]
The Landespolizeiamt supervises the eight Police Directorates (Polizeidirektionen) of Schleswig-Holstein.
The Police Directorate Kiel is responsible forKiel and the district ofPlön.
Within the city ofKiel it is divided into four precincts, with additional Police stations subordinated to the 1st precinct in Kiel-Friederichsort, Kiel-Suchsdorf and Kiel-Wik, to the 3rd precinct in Kiel-Hassee and in Kiel-Mettenhof, as well as to the 4th precinct in Kiel-Dietrichsdorf and Kiel-Wellsee. ThePolizeibezirksrevier (Police district precinct) and Criminal Investigation Police precinct (Bezirkskriminalinspektion) serves theKiel area as well.[2]
Thedistrict of Plön has one precinct, which is divided into the precinct itself and seven stations inPreetz,Wankendorf,Schwentinental,Schönkirchen,Heikendorf,Schönberg andLütjenburg.[2]
The Police Directorate Lübeck is responsible for the City ofLübeck and the district ofOstholstein.[21]
Within the City ofLübeck, the Directorate is divided into four precincts, with additional Police stations subordinated to the 2nd precinct in Lübeck-Buntekuh, to the 3rd precinct in Lübeck-Kücknitz, Lübeck-Travemünde, Lübeck-Schlutup and Lübeck-Eichholz, and to the 4th precinct in Lübeck-Moisling, Lübeck-Blankensee, Lübeck-St. Jürgen and Lübeck-Hüxtertor.[21]
Thedistrict of Ostholstein is served by theEutin precinct, with Police stations inMalente,Süsel and Hutzfeld, theBad Schwartau precinct with police stations inStockelsdorf,Ahrensbök,Timmendorfer Strand,Scharbeutz andRatekau, theHeiligenhafen precinct with Police stations inOldenburg,Fehmarn,Lensahn andGroßenbrode, as well as theNeustadt precinct with Police stations inGrube,Schönwalde andGrömitz.[21]
The Police Directorate also contains aAutobahnpolizei (Autobahn-Police precinct).[21]
The Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalpolizei) is based inLübeck with a Criminal Investigation Police precinct, onto which Departments of the Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalinspektionen) inBad Schwartau,Oldenburg,Neustadt andEutin are subordinated.[21]
The Police Directorate Flensburg is the northernmost Police Directorate within Schleswig-Holstein and responsible for theCity of Flensburg and the districts ofSchleswig-Flensburg andNorthern Frisia.[22]
TheCity of Flensburg is divided into two precincts, with additional Police stations subordinated to the 2nd precinct in Flensburg-Mitte, Flensburg-Mürwik, Flensburg-Engelsby, Flensburg-Nord, Flensburg-Friesischer Berg, Flensburg-Weiche,Harrislee,Handewitt,Glücksburg,Schafflund andHusby.[22]
The district of Schleswig-Flensburg is split between a precinct inSchleswig andKappeln. The precinct inSchleswig is subdivided into Police stations in Kropp,Silberstedt,Erfde,Busdorf andBöklund, while the precinct inKappeln is subdivided into Police stations inSüderbarup,Steinbergkirche,Mittelangeln and Tarp.[22]
Thedistrict of Northern Frisia is served by theSylt precinct, theNiebüll precinct along with Police stations in Leck,Bredstedt,Wyk auf Föhr andNebel, as well as theHusum precinct along with Police stations inFriederichsstadt,Viöl,Hattsdtedt,Pellworm,Tönning,Garding,St.-Peter Ording andSeeth.[22]
The criminal Investigation Police are based out ofFlensburg with a Precinct. There are additional Criminal Investigation Police Stations inHusum,Schleswig,Sylt andNiebüll.
The Police Directorate also contains aAutobahnpolizei (Autobahn-Police precinct) inSchuby andSchleswig.[22]
The Police DirectorateNeumünster is responsible for theCity of Neumünster and the district ofRendsurg-Eckernförde.[23]
Within thecity of Neumünster it is divided into two precincts, with additional Police stations subordinated to the 2nd precinct in Neumünster-Faldera, Neumünster-Einfeld, Neumünster-Tungendorf, Neumünster-Mitte, Neumünster-Wittdorf, Neumünster-Gadeland and Neumünster-West. Furthermore, there is a station at the Neumünsterrefugee accommodation (Landesunterkunft Neumünster) and a specialized traffic collision unit. Additionally, based in Neumünster is aAutobahnpolizei (Autobahn-Police) and theVerkehrsüberwachungsdienst (Traffic surveillance unit), specialized on the repression and prevention ofroad rage.[23][24]
The district ofRendsburg-Eckernförde is covered by several precincts with subordinated stations. TheRendsurg precinct with stations inÖsterrönfeld,Fockbek andOwschlag, theHohenwestedt precinct with stations inHanderau-Hademarschen andJevestedt, theNortorf precinct with a station inAukrug, as well as theBordesholm precinct with stations inMolfsee andFlintbek. Furthermore, aKronshagen precinct with a station inAchterwehr, and aEckernförde precinct with stations inGettorf,Ascheffel, Damp,Altenholz,Rieseby andSchwedeneck. Rendburg-Eckernförde is also served by aPolizeibezirksrevier (Police district precinct).[23]
The Police Directorate also contains aAutobahnpolizei (Autobahn-Police precinct) and a Department of the Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalinspektion).[23]
The Police Directorate Itzehoe is responsible for the districts ofSteinburg andDitmarsh.[25]
The Itzehoe precinct is responsible for thedistrict of Steinburg, along with its Police stations inKellinghusen,Hohenlockstedt,Schenefeld and Wellenkamp.[25]
Responsibility for theDitmarsh district rests with theBrunsbüttel precinct with its Police stations inGlückstadt, Marne,Wilster,Krempe,Burg and Horst, as well as theHeide precinct with Police stations inMeldorf,Büsum,Albersdorf,Lunden,Hennstedt,Tellingstedt andWesselbüren. APolizeibezirksrevier (Police district precinct) serves the area as well.[25]
The Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalpolizei) is based inItzehoe with a Criminal Investigation Police precinct, onto which a Department of the Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalinspektion) inHeide is subordinated.
The Police DirectorateBad Segeberg is responsible for the districts ofSegeberg andPinneberg.[26]
Thedistrict of Segeberg is covered by a precinct inBad Segeberg with subordinated Police stations in Garbek,Wahlstedt,Leezen,Rickling andTrappenkamp, a precinct inNorderstedt along with stations in Norderstedt-Mitte and Norderstedt-Ost, as well as a precinct inKaltenkirchen with Police stations inBad Bramstedt,Boostedt,Henstedt-Ulzburg,Ellerau,Tangstedt andItzstedt.[26]
Thedistrict of Pinneberg is served by thePinneberg precinct with a Police station inKummerfeld, theRellingen precinct along with Police stations inSchenefeld,Bönningstedt andQuickborn, theElmshorn precinct with Police stations inBarmstedt andBrande-Hörnerkirchen, and theWedel precinct with a Police station inUetersen.[26]
Within the Police Directorate, there are twoAutobahnpolizei (Autobahn-Police precinct), one inBad Segeberg, and one inElmshorn.[26]
The Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalpolizei) are based inBad Segeberg,Norderstedt,Pinneberg andElmshorn with Criminal Investigation Police Departments.[26]
The Police DirectorateRatzeburg is responsible for the districts ofHerzogtum Lauenburg andStormarn.[27]
Responsible for the district ofStormarn is theBad Oldesloe precinct along with its Police station inReinfeld, theReinbek precinct with Police stations inWentorf,Glinde,Barsbüttel andAumühle.[27]
Thedistrict of Herzogtum Lauenburg is served by the precinct inRatzeburg, along with Police stations inBerkenthin,Sandesneben,Mölln andNusse, by theSchwarzenbek precinct with its Police stations inLauenburg andBüchen, as well as by a precinct inAhrensburg with Police stations inGroßhansdorf,Trittau,Bargteheide andAmmersbek.[27]
The Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalpolizei) is based inBad Oldesloe with a Criminal Investigation Police precinct, onto which Departments of the Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalinspektionen) inAhrensburg,Reinbek,Ratzeburg andGeesthacht are subordinated.[27]
The Polizeidrektion für Aus- und Fortbildung und die Bereitschaftspolizei is a Police Directorate based inEutin. Its function within the Schleswig-Holstein State Police is to provide training to both aspiring and experienced Police officers. The Schleswig-Holstein riot Police (Bereitschaftspolizei) is also subordinated to the Directorate.[28]
The Maritime Police (Wasserschutzpolizei) is directly subordinated to theLandespolizeiamt and isn't part of a Police Directorate. Additionally to the Germannational waters on the Schleswig-Holstein coast, the Waterways Police also patrols theKiel Canal.[29]
Waterways Police Precincts are located inKiel,Brunsbüttel andLübeck, its subordinated stations inFlensburg,Kappeln,Husum,Heligoland andFehmarn.[29]
The Island ofHeligoland is patrolled by the Waterways Police, as opposed to otherGerman Islands.[30]
The ranking-system of the Schleswig-Holstein State Police is divided into three levels: the junior level,Laufbahngruppe 1.2, formerly known asmittlerer Dienst, the senior level,Laufbahngruppe 2.1, formerly known asgehobener Dienst, and the command level, Laufbahngruppe2.2, formerly known ashöherer Dienst. Uniformed officers, such as those of theSchutzpolizei visibly wear their rank. Officers of theCriminal Investigation Police do not wear Uniforms, thus there are no Insignias designed for them. Within the ranking system, their titles differ from those of theSchutzpolizei, as the prefixPolizei- is changed toKriminal-. For example: The equivalent to a Polizeioberkommissar would be a Kriminaloberkommissar.
Laufbahngruppe 1.2 (mittlerer Dienst)[31]
| Rank | Insignia |
|---|---|
| Polizeiobermeisteranwärter |  |
| Polizeiobermeister |  |
| Polizeihauptmeister |  |
| Polizeihauptmeister mit Zulage |  |
Laufbahngruppe 2.1 (gehobener Dienst)[31]
| Rank | Insignia |
|---|---|
| Polizeikommissaranwärter |  |
| Polizeikommissar |  |
| Polizeioberkommissar |  |
| Polizeihauptkommissar |   |
| Erster Polizeihauptkommissar |  |
Laufbahngruppe 2.2 (höherer Dienst)[31]
| Rank | Insignia |
|---|---|
| Polizeirat |  |
| Polizeioberrat |  |
| Polizeidirektor |  |
| Leitender Polizeidirektor |  |
| Leitender Polizeidirektor (als Behördenleiter) |  |
| Landespolizeidirektorin |  |
The Schleswig-Holstein State Police ranks are divided into three levels, into which applicants may enter after completing the rank-specific selection process: TheLaufbahngruppe 1.2, formerly known asmittlerer Dienst, the lowest of the three rank-levels, and theLaufbahngruppe 2.1, formerly known asgehobener Dienst. Entering theCriminal Investigation Police-Branch is only possible for applicants ofLaufbahngruppe 2.1 (gehobener Dienst).[32][33]
Aspiring Police Officers ofLaufbahngruppe 1.2 (mittlerer Dienst) bear the title ofPolizeiobermeisteranwärter during one and a half year of training at thePolizeidirektion für Aus- und Fortbildung und die Bereitschaftspolizei and a year of training on the job at a Police precinct or station inSchleswig-Holstein. After said training, they are promoted to the rank ofPolizeiobermeister.[32]
Aspiring Police Officers ofLaufbahngruppe 2.1 (gehobener Dienst) bear the title ofPolizeikommissaranwärter, orKriminalkommissaranwärter during half a year of training at thePolizeidirektion für Aus- und Fortbildung und die Bereitschaftspolizei and half a year of training on the job at a Police precinct or station inSchleswig-Holstein. The bulk of the training is however made up by two years of studying at theFachhochschule für Verwaltung und Diensleistung inAltenholz, wherePolizeikommissaranwärter receive theoretical training through university education. During training,Polizeikommissaranwärter have to obtain abachelor's degree. After three years of training, the Aspiring Police officers are promoted to the rank of Kriminal- orPolizeikommissar.[33]
In accordance withOrdinance No. 46 by theBritish Military Government, the State ofSchleswig-Holstein replaced theProvince of Schleswig-Holstein on 23 August 1946.[34]Ordinance No. 57 furthermore gavelegislative power to theLandtag of Schleswig-Holstein.[34] However, legislation referring to the Police still had to be within the framework of Ordinance No. 135, which listed requirements for legislation related to the Police.[34] On 25 January 1946 the British Military Governor of Schleswig-Holstein approved an Ordinance pertaining to the Reorganisation of the Police in Schleswig-Holstein, theLandtag passed a law subordinating theLandespolizei to theState Government, retroactive from 1 January 1947 on 4 January 1947.[34] TheLandespolizei was subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior, which appointed high-ranking Police officers, such as the Department Head, theLandespolizeidirektor.[34]
Training of new Police Officers had begun back in 1946 atEckernförde-Carlshöhe, on Premises formerly used by theKriegsmarine.[35][34] The founding of theLandespolizei in 1947 lead to the integration of the Training facility into the structure of the Police.[34] In 1948, Training was reorganized to be conducted in three detachments of 100 Trainees.[34]
ThePolizeigesetz für das Land Schleswig-Holstein vom 23. März 1949 reorganized the Schleswig-Holstein Police into five Police Groups.[36] The Police Group North was responsible for the areas of the modern day Districts ofSchleswig-Flensburg,Northern Frisia,Dithmarsh,Rendsburg-Eckernförde and the City ofFlensburg.[37] The Police Group South was responsible for the areas of the modern day Districts ofOstholstein,Segeberg,Steinburg,Duchy of Lauenburg,Stormarn,Pinneberg and the City ofNeumünster.[37] The Cities ofKiel andLübeck had their own Police Groups. Each Police Group included the Criminal Investigation Police.[37] TheWaterways Police formed a separate Police Group.[36]
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After the creation of theFederal Republic of Germany on 23 May 1949,[38] an agreement between theFederal Government and the German states led to the passing of a law pertaining to the creation of Riot Police forces (Bereitschaftspolizei).[39] On 4 July 1951, the first volunteers of theBereitschaftspolizei moved into premises inEckernförde-Carlshöhe.[40]Schleswig-Holstein was therefore the first State to fulfill the agreement with theFederal Government.[40]
In July 1950, theLandespolizeischule (State Police Training School) moved from Eckernförde to Kiel.[34]
The Police was reformed again on 22 December 1952 through thePolizeiorganisationsgesetz of 1952 (Police organisation law).[41] However this time, legislation was not bound to the Ordinances of theBritish Military Government.[34] The Police was now organized into theSchutzpolizei,Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalpolizei), theBereitschaftspolizei, and theWaterways Police.[41] TheCriminal Investigation Police was subordinated to theLandeskriminalamt, while theSchutzpolizei was subordinated to theLandespolizeiamt.[41]
Since 1 September 1957 theLandespolizei's Training facilities are located in Eutin.[34]
Legislation passed on 18 April 1967 further clarified the responsibilities of the Police in Schleswig-Holstein: According to § 168 LVwG (Version passed on 18 April 1967[42]) those responsibilities are to detect and to avert dangers toPublic Order and Safety, and to aid and notifyAuthorities tasked with Public Safety if necessary, as well as to determine andinvestigatemisdemeanors.[42] (Grounds for the investigation of crimes stem from § 163 StPO[5])
ThePolizeiorganisationsgesetz of 1968 (Police organisation law) reformed the Police in Schleswig-Holstein once again.[43] It created four Police Directorates (Polizeidrektionen);Polizeidirektion Mitte, with Headquarters inKiel,Polizeidirektion Nord, with Headquarters inFlensburg,Polizeidirektion West, with Headquarters inItzehoe, andPolizeidirektion South, with Headquarters inLübeck.[34] The Waterways Police formed a separate Police Directorate.
In 1973, the Schleswig-Holstein Police introduced a green-beige Uniform by DesignerHeinz Oestergaard, which was in useNationwide.[44]
Due to increasedterrorist activities, such as the attacks of theRote Armee Fraktion (RAF), on 1 October 1974 thenSchleswig-Holstein Minister of the InteriorRudolf Titzck[45] created Special Forces, such as theSEK andMEK.[34]
A Reform of thePolizeiorganisationsgesetz of 1968 in 1994 created an additional independent Traffic Policing Directorate (Verkehrspolizeidirektionen) and thePolizeidirektion für Aus- und Fortbildung und die Bereitschaftspolizei.[46] It also reorganized the Police Directorates into eight Directorates. A Directorate inKiel, responsible forKiel and theDistrict of Plön, a Directorate inFlensburg, responsible forFlensburg and the District ofSchleswig-Flensburg, a Directorate inHusum, responsible for the District ofNorthern Frisia, a Directorate inItzehoe, responsible for the Districts ofSteinburg andDitmarsh, a Directorate inBad Segeberg, responsible for the Districts ofSegeberg andPinneberg, a Directorate inLübeck, responsible forLübeck and the District ofOstholstein, and a Directorate inRatzeburg, responsible for the Districts ofDuchy of Lauenburg andStormarn.[46] The Directorate of theWaterways Police was dissolved, with theWaterways Police being directly subordinated to theLandespolizeiamt.[46]
ThePolizeiorganisationsgesetz of 2004 created the current structure of the Schleswig-Holstein Police.[15](See also:Organisation) The latest changes to thePolizeiorganisationsgesetz have been made in 2013, which merged the Police Directorate inHusum into the Police Directorate inFlensburg.[47]
In 2006, the Schleswig-Holstein Police introduced a blue Police Uniform, which is used inHamburg,Lower Saxony,Bremen,Mecklenburg-Vorpommern andThuringia as well.[44]
In 2021, the Schleswig-Holstein Police hired aTranssexual Person for the first time in its History.[48]Schleswig-Holstein is one of fourstates inGermany to allowTranssexual Persons to becomePolice officers.[48]
On 16 January 2024, theSchleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior, Municipal Affairs, Housing and Sports announced that theLandespolizeidirektor (Director of State Police)Michael Wilksen would retire 1 June 2024 and be replaced byDr. Maren Freyher.[49] Freyher was inaugurated on 27. June 2024.[20]
