Lamoka | |
 A portion of the Lamoka site which overlooks the channel that connects Lamoka Lake and Waneta Lake. | |
| Location | Address restricted[2] |
|---|---|
| Nearest city | Tyrone, New York |
| NRHP reference No. | 66000571[1] |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | October 15, 1966 |
| Designated NHL | January 20, 1961[3] |
TheLamoka site, or simplyLamoka, is anarchaeological site nearTyrone, inSchuyler County, New York that was named aNational Historic Landmark in 1961.[3] According to the National Park Service, "This site provided the first clear evidence of an Archaic hunting and gathering culture in the Northeastern United States (c.3500 BC)".[3][4]
More properly known as theLamoka Lake Site, after the lake of the same name located nearby, this archaeological site, occupied by Late Archaic hunter-gatherers approximately 4,500 years before present, is one of the most importantArchaic Period sites in North America due to its seminal role in the identification and naming of a hunting and gathering culture subsequent to Paleo-Indian culture and preceding pottery-using Woodland cultures. As such, the Lamoka Lake site is often considered the type site of the Archaic Period of North American prehistory.
The first professional excavations at the site were conducted between 1925 and 1928 by the Rochester Museum of Arts and Sciences, now theRochester Museum and Science Center. Additional excavations at the Lamoka Lake site were conducted by theNew York State Museum in 1958 and 1962, by theBuffalo Museum of Science in the 1980s, byUtica College in the 1990s, and byRutgers University in 2000. Part of the archaeological site is protected in the Waneta-Lamoka Wildlife Management Area. In 2006, the remaining portion of the site was purchased for preservation byThe Archaeological Conservancy.
Archaeological excavations at the Lamoka Lake site have recovered large numbers of projectile points – primarilyLamoka points; stone netsinkers, groundstone and polished stone tools – including beveled adzes, hammerstones, pestles, mullers, mortars, and metates; bone tools – including awls, knives, and fish hooks; lithic debitage; and animal bones – primarilywhite-tailed deer,tree squirrel, andpassenger pigeon; and human burials. Numerous archaeological features, including pits, postmolds, hearths, firebeds and ash layers, have also been identified. The majority of artifacts and features date to the Late Archaic Period, although later Woodland Period artifacts have also been recovered from the site.
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