Lafourche Parish | |
|---|---|
| Parish of Lafourche Paroisse de la Fourche (French) | |
 Lafourche Parish Courthouse | |
 Seal  Logo | |
 Location within the U.S. state ofLouisiana | |
| Coordinates:29°29′N90°24′W / 29.49°N 90.4°W /29.49; -90.4 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Louisiana |
| Founded | 1807 |
| Named after | la fourche, French forthe fork |
| Seat | Thibodaux |
| Largest city | Thibodaux |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,474 sq mi (3,820 km2) |
| • Land | 1,068 sq mi (2,770 km2) |
| • Water | 406 sq mi (1,050 km2) 28% |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 97,557 |
| • Density | 91.35/sq mi (35.27/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| Congressional districts | 1st,6th |
| Website | www |
Lafourche Parish (French:Paroisse de la Fourche) is aparish located in the south of theU.S. state ofLouisiana. Theparish seat isThibodaux.[1] The parish was formed in 1807.[2] It was originally the northern part of Lafourche Interior Parish, which consisted of the present parishes of Lafourche andTerrebonne. Lafourche Parish was named after theBayou Lafourche.[3] City buildings have been featured in television and movies, such as inFletch Lives, due to its architecture and rich history. At the2020 census, its population was 97,557.[4]
Long a center of sugar cane plantations and sugar production, in November 1887 the parish was the site of theThibodaux Massacre. After state militia were used to suppress a massiveKnights of Labor strike involving 10,000 workers in four parishes, many African Americans retreated to Thibodaux. Local paramilitary forces attacked the men and their families, killing an estimated 50 persons. Hundreds more were missing, wounded, and presumed dead in one of the deadliest incidents of labor suppression and racial terrorism.
Lafourche Parish is part of theHouma-Thibodauxmetropolitan statistical area. People of the state-recognized Native AmericanHouma Tribe live in both Lafourche and Terrebonne parishes.
South Louisiana became known as “Sugarland”, and Lafourche one of the sugar parishes, where sugar cane plantations were established before and after the Civil War. They required the labor of large numbers of enslaved African Americans. In the postbellum era, they constituted from 50 to 80 percent of the population in most of the sugar parishes.[5]
Particularly after Reconstruction, whites in the parish used violence and intimidation against the large population offreedmen to suppress Republican voting and re-establishwhite supremacy, but were less successful than in North Louisiana until after disenfranchisement of blacks at the turn of the century.[5] From 1877 through the early 20th century, there were 52lynchings of African Americans in Lafourche Parish. Most of the deaths were due to white suppression of labor unrest in 1887; blacks were skilled sugar workers and had begun to organize for better wages and conditions.[5] Some 10,000 workers had struck in Lafourche and three other parishes during the critical harvest period. At the request of the planters, the state sent in militia against the workers to break the strike.
In what was called theThibodaux Massacre of November 22, 1887, local whites organized by leaders of the town killed up to 50 blacks who had taken refuge in the African-American quarters after a majorKnights of Labor strike was called on sugar plantations. Hundreds more were wounded or missing, and presumed dead.[6]
The total deaths in this parish due to this racial terrorism were the highest of any parish in the state and nearly twice as high as some others among the six parishes with the highest totals.[7] In general, most of the lynching and racial terrorism took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
On August 29, 2021,Hurricane Ida made landfall inPort Fourchon at 16:55 UTC as a category 4 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 150 mph. Additional reports surveyed by ships in Port Fourchon reported wind gusts up to 194 knots.[8] InGolden Meadow, LA, theNational Weather Service recorded storm surge measurements of 10.1 ft.[8] It was the strongest storm on record to make landfall in Lafourche Parish and at the time the 5th costliest hurricane in United States history.[9]
According to theU.S. Census Bureau, the parish has a total area of 1,474 square miles (3,820 km2), of which 1,068 square miles (2,770 km2) is land and 406 square miles (1,050 km2) (28%) is water.[10] To the south of the parish is theGulf of Mexico.
Lafourche, like most of the Gulf Coast, is experiencing land loss due to man-made changes to the path of theMississippi River and development in the swamplands.[11] The southern part of the parish was inundated duringHurricane Juan in 1985.[11] After that, the South Lafourche levee district converted its disconnected patchwork of lowhurricane levees into a continuous wall that is 48 miles (77 km) long.[11] The levee, largely funded by a local tax and occasional money from theLouisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority, was built higher but narrower than recommended by theUnited States Army Corps of Engineers, which decertified them.[11] The additional height proved its value whenHurricane Ida struck the area in 2021, and the floodwaters rose four feet (1.2 m) higher than the recommended height – but one foot (30 cm) lower than the levee was built.[11] In the northern part of the parish, the shorter, federally approved levees were overtopped and the communities were flooded.[11]
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Interstate 49(future)
U.S. Highway 90.svg)
Louisiana Highway 1.svg)
Louisiana Highway 20.svg)
Louisiana Highway 24.svg)
Louisiana Highway 182.svg)
Louisiana Highway 304.svg)
Louisiana Highway 308
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1810 | 1,995 | — | |
| 1820 | 3,755 | 88.2% | |
| 1830 | 5,503 | 46.6% | |
| 1840 | 7,303 | 32.7% | |
| 1850 | 9,532 | 30.5% | |
| 1860 | 14,044 | 47.3% | |
| 1870 | 14,719 | 4.8% | |
| 1880 | 19,113 | 29.9% | |
| 1890 | 22,095 | 15.6% | |
| 1900 | 28,882 | 30.7% | |
| 1910 | 33,111 | 14.6% | |
| 1920 | 30,344 | −8.4% | |
| 1930 | 32,419 | 6.8% | |
| 1940 | 38,615 | 19.1% | |
| 1950 | 42,209 | 9.3% | |
| 1960 | 55,381 | 31.2% | |
| 1970 | 68,941 | 24.5% | |
| 1980 | 82,483 | 19.6% | |
| 1990 | 85,860 | 4.1% | |
| 2000 | 89,974 | 4.8% | |
| 2010 | 96,318 | 7.1% | |
| 2020 | 97,557 | 1.3% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[12] 1790-1960[13] 1900-1990[14] 1990-2000[15] 2010-2013[16] | |||
| Race / Ethnicity(NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 1980[17] | Pop 1990[18] | Pop 2000[19] | Pop 2010[20] | Pop 2020[21] | % 1980 | % 1990 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 70,642 | 71,402 | 73,937 | 75,080 | 70,722 | 85.64% | 83.16% | 82.18% | 77.95% | 72.49% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 9,005 | 10,667 | 11,287 | 12,679 | 14,532 | 10.92% | 12.42% | 12.54% | 13.16% | 14.90% |
| Native American orAlaska Native alone (NH) | 831 | 1,866 | 2,020 | 2,623 | 2,427 | 1.01% | 2.17% | 2.25% | 2.72% | 2.49% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 319 | 642 | 596 | 707 | 759 | 0.39% | 0.75% | 0.66% | 0.73% | 0.78% |
| Native Hawaiian orPacific Islander alone (NH) | x[22] | x[23] | 16 | 26 | 31 | x | x | 0.02% | 0.03% | 0.03% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 42 | 34 | 44 | 62 | 160 | 0.05% | 0.04% | 0.05% | 0.06% | 0.16% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | x[24] | x[25] | 790 | 1,494 | 3,254 | x | x | 0.88% | 1.55% | 3.34% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 1,644 | 1,249 | 1,284 | 3,647 | 5,672 | 1.99% | 1.45% | 1.43% | 3.79% | 5.81% |
| Total | 82,483 | 85,860 | 89,974 | 96,318 | 97,557 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the2020 United States census, there were 97,557 people, 36,759 households, and 25,224 families residing in the parish. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.04.
In 2000, there were 89,794 people living in the parish. The racial makeup of Lafourche was 82.85%White, 12.61% Black or African American, 2.30%American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.67%Asian, 0.02%Pacific Islander, 0.58% from other races, and 0.97% fromtwo or more races; 1.43% of the population wereHispanic or Latino American of any race. Among the population, 19.12% reported speakingFrench orCajun French at home, while 1.51% spokeSpanish.[26]
Up from $34,910 in 2000, the median income of a household in the parish was $51,339 according to the 2019 American Community Survey. In 2000, males had a median income of $34,600 versus $19,484 for females. Theper capita income for the parish was $15,809. About 13.20% of families and 16.50% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 21.90% of those under age 18 and 18.30% of those age 65 or over.
The parish is zoned toLafourche Parish Public Schools.[27]
Residents of select portions of Lafourche Parish (particularly in parts of Grand Bois and Bourg) may attend schools in theTerrebonne Parish School District.[28]
The parish is in the service area ofFletcher Technical Community College.[29] Additionally, aDelgado Community College document stated that Lafourche Parish was in the college's service area.[30]
D Company 2-156 Infantry Battalion of the256TH Infantry Brigade Combat Team resides inThibodaux, Louisiana
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 1912 | 315 | 26.90% | 667 | 56.96% | 189 | 16.14% |
| 1916 | 157 | 8.11% | 629 | 32.51% | 1,149 | 59.38% |
| 1920 | 1,044 | 75.60% | 337 | 24.40% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1924 | 611 | 47.40% | 678 | 52.60% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1928 | 243 | 10.86% | 1,994 | 89.14% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1932 | 364 | 12.18% | 2,623 | 87.78% | 1 | 0.03% |
| 1936 | 1,630 | 42.59% | 2,195 | 57.36% | 2 | 0.05% |
| 1940 | 1,065 | 23.17% | 3,531 | 76.83% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1944 | 875 | 14.94% | 4,980 | 85.06% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1948 | 1,247 | 21.09% | 1,586 | 26.82% | 3,080 | 52.09% |
| 1952 | 3,739 | 40.93% | 5,396 | 59.07% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 5,741 | 60.25% | 3,466 | 36.38% | 321 | 3.37% |
| 1960 | 2,930 | 18.25% | 12,244 | 76.26% | 881 | 5.49% |
| 1964 | 6,164 | 33.85% | 12,045 | 66.15% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1968 | 4,797 | 22.60% | 5,516 | 25.99% | 10,910 | 51.41% |
| 1972 | 13,936 | 67.20% | 5,713 | 27.55% | 1,088 | 5.25% |
| 1976 | 11,434 | 43.53% | 14,131 | 53.80% | 701 | 2.67% |
| 1980 | 14,951 | 48.51% | 14,222 | 46.15% | 1,645 | 5.34% |
| 1984 | 20,930 | 65.40% | 10,186 | 31.83% | 889 | 2.78% |
| 1988 | 16,152 | 50.19% | 15,013 | 46.65% | 1,014 | 3.15% |
| 1992 | 12,744 | 35.75% | 16,182 | 45.40% | 6,719 | 18.85% |
| 1996 | 12,105 | 34.99% | 18,810 | 54.37% | 3,681 | 10.64% |
| 2000 | 18,575 | 53.92% | 14,627 | 42.46% | 1,247 | 3.62% |
| 2004 | 22,734 | 60.04% | 14,417 | 38.08% | 713 | 1.88% |
| 2008 | 27,089 | 71.49% | 9,662 | 25.50% | 1,142 | 3.01% |
| 2012 | 28,592 | 73.17% | 9,623 | 24.63% | 860 | 2.20% |
| 2016 | 31,959 | 76.74% | 8,423 | 20.23% | 1,263 | 3.03% |
| 2020 | 36,024 | 79.37% | 8,672 | 19.11% | 692 | 1.52% |
| 2024 | 34,461 | 80.43% | 7,864 | 18.35% | 520 | 1.21% |
For the purposes of this analysis, the Delgado Service Area is comprised of [...]Lafourche,[...]
Places adjacent to Lafourche Parish, Louisiana | |
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Municipalities and communities ofLafourche Parish, Louisiana,United States | ||
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| Other communities | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent parish or parishes | |
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