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Ladinian

Coordinates:45°49′09″N10°28′16″E / 45.8193°N 10.4710°E /45.8193; 10.4710
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Age in the Middle Triassic
Ladinian
241.464 ± 0.28 – ~237Ma
Monte San Giorgio exhibits exceptionally preserved Ladinian vertebrate fossils
Chronology
−255 —
−250 —
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−240 —
−235 —
−230 —
−225 —
−220 —
−215 —
−210 —
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−200 —
 
 
 
 
Full recovery of woody trees[2]
Coals return[3]
Scleractinian
corals & calcified sponges[4]
Subdivision of the Triassic according to theICS, as of 2024.[5]
Vertical axis scale:Millions of years ago
Etymology
Name formalityFormal
Usage information
Celestial bodyEarth
Regional usageGlobal (ICS)
Time scale(s) usedICS Time Scale
Definition
Chronological unitAge
Stratigraphic unitStage
Time span formalityFormal
Lower boundary definitionFAD of theAmmoniteEoprotrachyceras curionii
Lower boundary GSSPBagolino,Lombardian pre-Alps,Italy
45°49′09″N10°28′16″E / 45.8193°N 10.4710°E /45.8193; 10.4710
Lower GSSP ratified2005[6]
Upper boundary definitionFAD of the AmmoniteDaxatina canadensis
Upper boundary GSSPPrati di Stuores,Dolomites, Italy
46°31′37″N11°55′49″E / 46.5269°N 11.9303°E /46.5269; 11.9303
Upper GSSP ratified2008[7]

TheLadinian is astage andage in theMiddle Triassicseries orepoch. It spans the time between 241.464Ma and ~237 Ma (million years ago).[8] The Ladinian was preceded by theAnisian and succeeded by theCarnian (part of theUpper or Late Triassic).[9]

The Ladinian is coeval with theFalangian regional stage used inChina.

Stratigraphic definitions

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The GSSP of the Ladinian at Bagolino in Italy

The Ladinian was established by Austrian geologistAlexander Bittner in 1892. Its name comes from theLadin people that live in theItalianAlps (in theDolomites, then part ofAustria-Hungary).

The base of the Ladinian Stage is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where theammonite speciesEoprotrachyceras curionii first appears or the first appearance of the conodontBudurovignathus praehungaricus. The global reference profile for the base (theGSSP) is at anoutcrop in theriver bed of theCaffaro river atBagolino, in theprovince of Brescia, northernItaly.[10] The top of the Ladinian (the base of the Carnian) is at the first appearance of ammonite speciesDaxatina canadensis.

The Ladinian is sometimes subdivided into two subages or substages, the Fassanian (early or lower) and the Longobardian (late or upper). The Ladinian contains four ammonite biozones, which are evenly distributed among the two substages:

Ladinian life

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Main page:Category:Ladinian life

Notable formations

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References

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Notes

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  1. ^Widmann, Philipp; Bucher, Hugo; Leu, Marc; et al. (2020)."Dynamics of the Largest Carbon Isotope Excursion During the Early Triassic Biotic Recovery".Frontiers in Earth Science.8 (196): 196.Bibcode:2020FrEaS...8..196W.doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00196.
  2. ^McElwain, J. C.; Punyasena, S. W. (2007). "Mass extinction events and the plant fossil record".Trends in Ecology & Evolution.22 (10):548–557.doi:10.1016/j.tree.2007.09.003.PMID 17919771.
  3. ^Retallack, G. J.;Veevers, J.; Morante, R. (1996)."Global coal gap between Permian–Triassic extinctions and middle Triassic recovery of peat forming plants".GSA Bulletin.108 (2):195–207.Bibcode:1996GSAB..108..195R.doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<0195:GCGBPT>2.3.CO;2. Retrieved2007-09-29.
  4. ^Payne, J. L.; Lehrmann, D. J.; Wei, J.; Orchard, M. J.; Schrag, D. P.; Knoll, A. H. (2004)."Large Perturbations of the Carbon Cycle During Recovery from the End-Permian Extinction".Science.305 (5683):506–9.Bibcode:2004Sci...305..506P.doi:10.1126/science.1097023.PMID 15273391.S2CID 35498132.
  5. ^"International Chronostratigraphic Chart"(PDF).International Commission on Stratigraphy. December 2024. RetrievedJanuary 1, 2025.
  6. ^Brack, Peter; Rieber, Hans; Nicora, Alda; Mundil, Roland (December 2005)."The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Ladinian Stage (Middle Triassic) at Bagolino (Southern Alps, Northern Italy) and its implications for the Triassic time scale".Episodes.28 (4):233–244.doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2005/v28i4/001. Retrieved23 December 2020.
  7. ^Mietto, Paolo; Manfrin, Stefano; Preto, Nereo; Rigo, Manuel; Roghi, Guido; Furin, Stefano; Gianolla, Piero; Posenato, Renato; Muttoni, Giovanni; Nicora, Alda; Buratti, Nicoletta; Cirilli, Simonetta; Spötl, Christoph; Ramezani, Jahandar; Bowring, Samuel (September 2012)."The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Carnian Stage (Late Triassic) at Prati Di Stuores/Stuores Wiesen Section (Southern Alps, NE Italy)"(PDF).Episodes.35 (3):414–430.doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2012/v35i3/003. Retrieved13 December 2020.
  8. ^"ICS - Chart/Time Scale"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2025-01-01. Retrieved2025-01-14.
  9. ^For a detailedgeologic timescale see Gradsteinet al. (2004)
  10. ^The GSSP was established by Bracket al. (2005)

Literature

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  • Brack, P.; Rieber, H.; Nicora, A. & Mundil, R.;2005:The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Ladinian Stage (Middle Triassic) at Bagolino (Southern Alps, Northern Italy) and its implications for the Triassic time scale, Episodes28(4), pp. 233–244.
  • Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G.;2004:A Geologic Time Scale 2004,Cambridge University Press.

External links

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Media related toLadinian at Wikimedia Commons

45°49′09″N10°28′16″E / 45.8193°N 10.4710°E /45.8193; 10.4710

Cenozoic Era
(present–66.0 Ma)
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Neogene(2.58–23.0 Ma)
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Cretaceous(66.0–145 Ma)
Jurassic(145–201 Ma)
Triassic(201–252 Ma)
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Permian(252–299 Ma)
Carboniferous(299–359 Ma)
Devonian(359–419 Ma)
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