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Laddu

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromLaddoo)
Spherical sweet from the Indian subcontinent

"Ladoo" redirects here. For the Malayalam film, seeLadoo (film).
Laddu
TypeSweet
Region or stateIndian subcontinent,Caribbean
Main ingredientsFlour, sugar,ghee, dry fruits
VariationsGram flour,rava

Laddu orladdoo is a spherical sweet from theIndian subcontinent made of various ingredients andsugar syrup orjaggery. It has been described as "perhaps the most universal and ancient ofIndian sweets."[1]

Laddus are often served during celebrations and religious festivals, especially those associated with theHindu deityGanesha.[1][2][3]

History and etymology

The wordladdu is derived from aSanskrit term meaning "small ball."[4]

In the 3rd-4th centurySanskrit medical textSushruta Samhita, ladduka are described as small balls of jaggery,peanuts, andsesame seeds coated withhoney. These balls were used as anantiseptic and todeliver medication.[1]

However, the first documented mention of laddu as a sweet is in the 11th-centuryWestern Indian cookbookLokopakara. It gives a recipe for making laddus withshavige (rice vermicelli), ghee, and sugar syrup, which were formed into balls and fried in ghee. The 15th-century Indian cookbookNimatnama-i-Nasiruddin-Shahi gives several recipes for laddus made withwhite flour,dried fruits,rosewater,camphor, andmusk.[1]

Varieties

Besan laddu

Besan (chickpea flour) laddus

Besan laddu is the most common variety. To prepare it,besan (chickpea flour) is fried in hotghee (clarified butter). Sugar andcardamom powder are then mixed in. The mixture is formed into balls and allowed to cool and solidify.[1][5]

Motichoor laddu

Motichoor laddus

Motichoor ("crushed pearls" inHindi)[6] laddu is made fromboondi, tiny fried balls of chickpea batter soaked in sugar syrup.[1][7]

Thaggu ke laddu

Thaggu ke ("Cheat's") laddu is made fromkhoa (condensed milk),semolina, andwhite sugar and is a specialty ofKanpur, India. It was invented by Mattha Pandey, a follower ofMahatma Gandhi. Pandey heard Gandhi refer to white sugar, which was popularized in India by the British, as "white poison" and disease-causing. Since his laddu was made with white sugar, he named it accordingly.[1]

Shahi laddu

Shahi (royal) laddu is made from the sweetspeda andbarfi, which are ground into a paste, mixed with cardamom, dried fruits, and nuts, and formed into balls. It is decorated withvark (edible foil).[1]

Coconut laddu

Coconut laddus

Coconut laddu originated in the medievalChola Empire, when it was packed for travelers and warriors for good luck on their expeditions.[8]

Gond ke laddu

Gond ke laddus

Gond ke laddu is made from roasted and powderedgond (gum arabic), ghee, jaggery, and sometimesbattisa orkeoka powder. It is commonly served in North India as apostpartum food.[9]

Temple laddus

See also:Tirupati Laddu

SomeHindu temples have their own laddu versions, which are offered to the deities and then served to devotees asprasada (sanctified food). The besan laddu served in theVenkateswara Temple inTirupati, India, has been called "the most famous temple laddu." TheMaa Tarini Temple inGhatgaon, India serves laddus made from coconut andkhoa. The special laddu at theSubramaniya Swamy Temple inTiruchendur, India is made fromfoxtail millet.[1][10]

Others

Wheat flour laddus
Til (sesame seed) laddus
Rice flour laddus

Every region of India has its own version of laddu. InRajasthan, laddus are made fromwheat flour, inMaharashtra fromsesame seeds, inKerala fromrice flour, and inAndhra Pradesh fromrice flakes. Optional ingredients includegrated coconut, roasted chickpeas,nuts, andraisins.[1]

World record

An advertisement depicting the world record holder

According toGuinness World Records, the world's largest laddu to date was created by PVVS Mallikharjuna Rao inTapeswaram,Andhra Pradesh, India in 2016. It weighed 29,465 kilograms (64,959 pounds) and was made using a traditional boondi recipe with ghee, oil, cashews, sugar, almonds, cardamom, and water.[11]

In popular culture

In theSesame Street episode "Rakhi Road",Elmo is shown eating laddus.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^abcdefghijThe Bloomsbury Handbook of Indian Cuisine. Bloomsbury Publishing. 2023. pp. 269–270.ISBN 978-1-350-12865-1.Archived from the original on 2023-03-14. Retrieved2023-03-14.
  2. ^"Sweet shops make hay in Diwali shine".The New Indian Express. 31 October 2013. Archived fromthe original on 21 April 2016. Retrieved17 January 2019.
  3. ^Sangeetha Devi Dundoo (31 October 2013)."As good as home".The Hindu.Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved17 January 2019.
  4. ^Roufs, Timothy G. (2014).Sweet Treats Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 171.
  5. ^Collingham, Lizzie (2007).Curry : a tale of cooks and conquerors. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 105.ISBN 978-0195320015.Archived from the original on 2023-03-14. Retrieved2018-12-22.
  6. ^"Motichoor Ladoo (Laddu): A Sweet Dip in the History of India's Favourite Festive Treat".Archived from the original on 2022-09-02. Retrieved2022-08-15.
  7. ^Krondl, Michael (2011).Sweet invention a history of dessert (1st ed.). Chicago, Ill.: Chicago Review Press. p. 17.ISBN 9781569769522.Archived from the original on 2023-03-14. Retrieved2018-12-22.
  8. ^Madhulika Dash (16 October 2004)."Food Story: The journey of ladoo from a medicine to the much-loved Indian sweet".The New Indian Express.Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved26 September 2015.
  9. ^The Bloomsbury Handbook of Indian Cuisine. Bloomsbury Publishing. 2023. p. 322.ISBN 978-1-350-12865-1.
  10. ^Collingham, Lizzie (2007).Curry : a tale of cooks and conquerors. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 105.ISBN 978-0195320015.Archived from the original on 2023-03-14. Retrieved2018-12-22.
  11. ^Guinness World Records.
  12. ^"Guide to Deepavali".Time Out. October 24, 2019.'Sesame Street' even paid tribute with a Rakhi Road episode which shows Elmo chomping away at laddu.
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