Double-diffused MOSFET
LDMOS (laterally-diffused metal-oxide semiconductor )[ 1] MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor) used inamplifiers , includingmicrowave power amplifiers,RF power amplifiers andaudio power amplifiers . These transistors are often fabricated on p/p+ silicon epitaxial layers. The fabrication of LDMOS devices mostly involves various ion-implantation and subsequent annealing cycles.[ 1] power MOSFET is fabricated using up to three ion implantation sequences in order to achieve the appropriate doping profile needed to withstand high electric fields.
Thesilicon -based RF LDMOS (radio-frequency LDMOS) is the most widely used RF power amplifier inmobile networks ,[ 2] [ 3] [ 4] cellular voice anddata traffic .[ 5] breakdown voltage usually above 60volts .[ 6] GaAs FETs they show a lower maximum power gain frequency.
Manufacturers of LDMOS devices and foundries offering LDMOS technologies include,Tower Semiconductor ,TSMC ,LFoundry ,SAMSUNG ,GLOBALFOUNDRIES ,Vanguard International Semiconductor Corporation ,STMicroelectronics ,Infineon Technologies ,RFMD ,NXP Semiconductors (including formerFreescale Semiconductor ),SMIC , MK Semiconductors, Polyfet andAmpleon .
Various RF LDMOS transistors
BLF2045 silicon die. RF LDMOS 26 V 180 mA 2 GHz 10 dB 30 W SOT467C. Designed for broadband operation (1800 to 2200 MHz).
BLF861A RF LDMOS transistor. RF LDMOS transistor 860 MHz 150 W.
BLF861A silicon die. RF LDMOS transistor 860 MHz 150 W. Designed for UHF operation.
Common applications of LDMOS technology include the following.
Common applications of RF LDMOS technology include the following.
Aerospace anddefense technology [ 5] military applications [ 9] Alarm andsecurity —security alarm [ 14] Avionics [ 15] [ 10] ADS-B transponders ,identification friend or foe (IFF) transponders,secondary surveillance radar (SSR),distance measuring equipment (DME),Mode S edge-localized mode (ELM),tactical data link (TDL),[ 10] airband [ 16] Consumer electronics [ 14] Data logging [ 17] Equipmentcondition monitoring (CM)[ 17] Fire detection [ 17] Gas detection —carbon monoxide detector (CO detector),methane detection[ 17] Industrial, Scientific and Medical band (ISM band) applications[ 15] [ 4] particle accelerators ,[ 18] [ 19] welding ,[ 19] continuous wave (CW) applications,linear applications,[ 20] pulse applications[ 10] [ 9] [ 20] Laser technology — laser drivers,[ 18] carbon dioxide laser (CO2 laser)[ 21] Radio technology —commercial radio ,public safety radio,marine radio ,[ 13] amateur radio ,[ 21] portable radio ,[ 17] wideband ,[ 22] narrowband [ 23] RF energy technology[ 27] [ 5] [ 28] lighting ,medical technology ,drying ,automotive electronics [ 28] Heating —electric heating ,[ 21] RF heating ,[ 18] [ 5] microwave heating [ 28] Kitchen appliances —smart appliances ,[ 5] countertop appliances,cooking appliances ,[ 29] cooking ,[ 27] [ 18] [ 5] microwave cooking ,[ 4] defrosting ,[ 18] [ 5] [ 29] frozen food defrosting,freezers ,refrigerators ,ovens [ 29] Smart lighting — RF lighting andwireless light switch [ 4] Telecommunications [ 15] Broadband [ 14] mobile broadband [ 25] Broadcasting —ultra high frequency (UHF) broadcasting,[ 14] FM broadcasting [ 18] [ 4] [ 21] Cellular networks [ 30] [ 5] 2G ,3G ,[ 2] International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT),[ 22] Long-Term Evolution (LTE),[ 31] 4G ,[ 3] [ 5] 5G ,[ 3] [ 5] [ 31] 5G New Radio (5G NR)[ 32] [ 33] High frequency (HF) communication —very high frequency (VHF),[ 18] [ 4] ultra high frequency (UHF)[ 13] [ 4] Cellular voice anddata traffic [ 5] Television (TV)[ 18] [ 21] UHF TV ,digital TV (DTV),TV transmitter equipment[ 14] Wideband andmobile communications [ 13] base stations ,[ 13] [ 4] [ 19] emergency position-indicating radiobeacon station (EPIRB),sonar buoys ,automatic meter reading (AMR)[ 13] Wireless technology —mobile communication ,satellite communication ,[ 15] modems ,[ 13] WiMAX [ 4] Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) applications[ 34] [ 21] plasma etching andsynchrotrons [ 21] ^a b A. 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Orlando, FL. pp. 69– 72.doi :10.1109/RWS.2008.4463430 . ^a b Duncan, Ben (1996).High Performance Audio Power Amplifiers Elsevier . pp. 177-8, 406 .ISBN 9780080508047 ^ "A 600W broadband HF amplifier using affordable LDMOS devices" .QRPblog . 2019-10-27. Retrieved2022-09-28 .^a b c "L-Band Radar" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved9 December 2019 .^a b c d "Avionics" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved9 December 2019 .^a b c "RF Aerospace and Defense" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved7 December 2019 .^a b "Communications and Electronic Warfare" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved9 December 2019 .^a b c d e f g h "Mobile & Wideband Comms" .ST Microelectronics . Retrieved4 December 2019 .^a b c d e f "470–860 MHz – UHF Broadcast" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved12 December 2019 .^a b c d e f "RF LDMOS Transistors" .ST Microelectronics . Retrieved2 December 2019 .^a b "28/32V LDMOS: IDDE technology boost efficiency & robustness" (PDF) .ST Microelectronics . Retrieved23 December 2019 .^a b c d e f "AN2048: Application note – PD54008L-E: 8 W – 7 V LDMOS in PowerFLAT packages for wireless meter reading applications" (PDF) .ST Microelectronics . Retrieved23 December 2019 .^a b c d e f g h i j k "ISM & Broadcast" .ST Microelectronics . Retrieved3 December 2019 .^a b c d "700–1300 MHz – ISM" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved12 December 2019 .^a b "2450 MHz – ISM" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved12 December 2019 .^a b c d e f g h "1–600 MHz – Broadcast and ISM" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved12 December 2019 .^a b "28/32 V LDMOS: New IDCH technology boosts RF power performance up to 4 GHz" (PDF) .ST Microelectronics . Retrieved23 December 2019 .^a b "S-Band Radar" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved9 December 2019 .^ "RF Cellular Infrastructure" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved7 December 2019 .^a b c d "RF Mobile Radio" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved9 December 2019 .^ "UM0890: User manual – 2-stage RF power amplifier with LPF based on the PD85006L-E and STAP85050 RF power transistors" (PDF) .ST Microelectronics . Retrieved23 December 2019 .^a b "915 MHz RF Cooking" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved7 December 2019 .^a b c Torres, Victor (21 June 2018)."Why LDMOS is the best technology for RF energy" .Microwave Engineering Europe .Ampleon . Archived fromthe original on 10 December 2019. Retrieved10 December 2019 . ^a b c "RF Defrosting" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved12 December 2019 .^ "White Paper – 50V RF LDMOS: An ideal RF power technology for ISM, broadcast and commercial aerospace applications" (PDF) .NXP Semiconductors Freescale Semiconductor . September 2011. Retrieved4 December 2019 .^a b "RF Cellular Infrastructure" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved12 December 2019 .^ "450–1000 MHz" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved12 December 2019 .^ "3400–4100 MHz" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved12 December 2019 .^ "HF, VHF and UHF Radar" .NXP Semiconductors . Retrieved7 December 2019 .
