| Kurdish wheatear | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Muscicapidae |
| Genus: | Oenanthe |
| Species: | O. xanthoprymna |
| Binomial name | |
| Oenanthe xanthoprymna | |
TheKurdish wheatear[2] (Oenanthe xanthoprymna), also known as theKurdistan wheatear, thechestnut-rumped wheatear or thered-rumped wheatear, is a species ofbird in the familyMuscicapidae. Thered-tailed wheatear (O. chrysopygia) was formerly considered asubspecies of this bird but is now often regarded as a separate species. The two mayintergrade in Iran ("O. x. cummingi") but it is also possible that the rather differently colouredcummingi is in fact a one-year-oldO. xanthoprymna with intermediate plumage.[3]
The Kurdish wheatear is about 14 centimetres (5.5 in) in length. The top of the head and the nape of the male are pale grey, separated by a white eye stripe from the black face and throat. The back is brownish grey and the underparts white or buff. The wings are charcoal with no white streak, the flight feathers being edged with brown. The flanks and under-tail coverts are orange and the tail white at the base with a dark terminal band. The female has similar markings but the colours are more muted and the dark face and throat replaced by a grey eye patch. The orange rump and tail coverts are particularly noticeable in the winter when the male is in flight.[4]
The call note is a harshchack-chack-chack. The song is similar to that of thenorthern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) and is a rather squeaky warble.
The Kurdish wheatear mainly eats ants and other small insects.
The nest is built among rocks, in a crevice, in scree or under a boulder. It is basin-shaped and lined with wool, hair and dead grasses. Four or five eggs are laid. They are bluish-white with a few chestnut brown speckles.
The breeding range of the Kurdish wheatear covers theMiddle East, south-eastTurkey, northernIraq, westernIran, and parts of the former USSR. It moves southwards in winter to southern Iran, theArabian Peninsula, Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea and north-eastSomalia[3] and occasionally to north westIndia.[5] It is unclear whether all populations migrate or whether some birds just move down to lower altitudes for the winter. Its preferred habitat is heathland, open hillsides and scrubby, semi-desert regions.[4] It is listed as being of "least concern" in theIUCN Red List of Threatened Species because of its very large range.[1]
