 The originalDragonlance logo | |
| Designers | Margaret Weis andLaura andTracy Hickman |
|---|---|
| Publishers | TSR, Inc.Wizards of the CoastSovereign Press |
| Publication | March 1984; 41 years ago (1984-03) |
| Years active | 1984–2011, 2022–present |
| Genres | Fantasy |
| Languages | English |
| Systems | AD&D 1st/2nd EditionSAGA SystemD&D 3.5 EditionD&D 5th Edition |
| Chance | Dice rolling |
| Media type | Novels, game accessories, film, audiobooks |
Dragonlance is ashared universe created by the Americanfantasy writersLaura andTracy Hickman, and expanded by Tracy Hickman andMargaret Weis under the direction ofTSR, Inc. into a series of fantasy novels. The Hickmans conceivedDragonlance while driving in their car on the way to TSR for a job interview. Tracy Hickman met his future writing partner Margaret Weis at TSR, and they gathered a group of associates to play theDungeons & Dragonsrole-playing game. The adventures during that game inspired aseries of gaming modules, aseries of novels, licensed products such as board games, and lead miniature figures.
In 1984, TSR published the firstDragonlance game module,Dragons of Despair, and the first novel,Dragons of Autumn Twilight. The novel began theChronicles trilogy, a core element of theDragonlance world. While the authoring team of Tracy Hickman and Margaret Weis wrote the setting's central books, numerous other authors contributed novels, short stories and game supplements to the setting. Over 190 novels have used theDragonlance setting; theDragonlancecampaign setting has also been used for multiple editions ofDungeons & Dragons and for theSAGA System. FollowingWizards of the Coast's acquisition of TSR in 1997, Wizards licensedDragonlance to Margaret Weis's companySovereign Press to produce game materials; this licensing agreement ran from 2001 to 2007.Dragonlance returned in 2022 with a new adventure module and the start of a new novel trilogy.
The fictionalDragonlance world ofKrynn contains numerouscharacters, an extensive timeline, and a detailed geography. The history of Krynn consists of five ages. The novels and related game products are primarily set in the fourth age, The Age of Despair. Since the publication ofDragonlance: Fifth Age in 1996, the fifth age, the Age of Mortals, has been used.[1] TheHeroes of the Lance, created by Weis and Hickman, are the popular protagonists of theChronicles trilogy. Along withD&D's world of theForgotten Realms,Dragonlance is one of the most popular shared worlds in fiction.
Hickman developed his world creation technique by writing and self-publishing with his wife Laura theadventure modulesRahasia (1979) andPharaoh (1980), and writing TSR'sRavenloft module (1983). He was unemployed in 1982, and TSR offered him a job based on his submission of several modules.[2] That year, while driving from Utah to Wisconsin to start a job with TSR, Hickman and his wife created theDragonlance universe concept. During the trip, Hickman and his wife discussed two ideas they had had for several years: an entire world used to support a storyline, and a world dominated by dragons.[3]
Their ideas were well received by TSR, whose marketing department felt they had enough dungeons, but not enoughdragons. Hickman suggested a series of twelve modules, each featuring a different dragon. TSR employeeHarold Johnson suggested that Hickman should try to get additional support from other TSR staff members and, after a period of months, Hickman had the support ofJeff Grubb,Larry Elmore,Roger Moore,Doug Niles,Michael Williams, and others with whom they discussed ideas for the project. Meanwhile, Weis was editing and writing variousEndless Quest books for TSR. TheDragonlance group decided that novels should accompany the game modules; TSR reluctantly agreed and hired a writer.[3] Hickman became the design coordinator forProject Overlord, the cover name for what would later be known as the Dragonlance saga.[4]
TSR decided to create a franchise, including modules, board games, lead figures, and - for the first time - novels. Weis had been hired as an editor; with Hickman, she began working with the author hired to write the novels. They weren't satisfied with the author, and decided they should be the ones to write the books.[2] They collaborated over a weekend, writing the prologue for the first five chapters of the first novel,[2]Dragons of Autumn Twilight, based on the moduleDragons of Despair.[5] TSR liked their treatment and gave them the assignment, firing the author. After two years of development, TSR released the moduleDragons of Despair and the novelDragons of Autumn Twilight in March and November 1984, respectively.[6][7] TSR had doubts about the finished novel's sales potential, and attempted to order thirty thousand copies, ultimately ordering the minimum print run of fifty thousand. The success of the novel prompted TSR to publish more copies to meet demand.[2] The novel was written after the completion of the firstDragonlance game modules. Weis and Hickman felt this was constraining and made the novel feel too episodic, so they reversed the process for the next books and completed the novels before the related modules were written.[8]Dragonlance received support products such as novels, calendars, computer games, and books of artwork.[9]
In the mid to late 1980s, a rift developed between TSR and the authors. Weis and Hickman were feeling under-appreciated and, when TSR turned down theirDarksword series of novels, they went toBantam Books. Bantam made them an offer, which they accepted, and they stopped writingDragonlance novels for TSR.[2] They returned to writeDragons of Summer Flame for TSR in 1995, thinking it would be their finalDragonlance novel. At the time,Dragonlance gaming had been converted to theSAGA System, with limited success, and that, combined with TSR's general financial troubles, put the setting's future in doubt. Wizards of the Coast bought the troubled TSR in 1997, and Weis and Hickman then proposed theWar of Souls trilogy, which was published in 2000-2002. All three novels made theNew York Times bestseller list, and the setting was commercially revitalized.[3] By 1998, the originalDragonlance trilogy had sold well over three million copies worldwide and spawned dozens of sequels.[10] The central books of theDragonlance series were written by the authoring team of Weis and Hickman, but many other writers have made contributions, includingRichard A. Knaak,Douglas Niles,Roger E. Moore,Don Perrin,Jean Rabe,Paul B. Thompson,Tonya C. Cook,Michael Williams,[11]Nancy Varian Berberick,[12] andChris Pierson.[13]
In 2001, Wizards of the Coast licensedSovereign Press to publish furtherDragonlance game materials. This began with the newly revisedDragonlance Campaign Setting in 2003, which used the newDungeons & Dragons 3rd Edition rules.[3] In April 2007, Wizards of the Coast had not renewed Sovereign's license, andDragonlance RPG game supplements and accessories were only released through the end of the year.[14]
In October 2020, Weis and Hickman filed suit against Wizards of the Coast for breaching a licensing deal with Weis and Hickman for a newDragonlance novel trilogy.[15][16]Boing Boing reported that "according to the lawsuit, Weis and Hickman agreed with Wizards of the Coast to produce the new novels in 2017, capping off the series and giving fans a final sendoff, but the company pulled the plug in August 2020".[17] In December, Weis and Hickman filed to voluntarilydismiss without prejudice their lawsuit,[18] and "the filing noted that Wizards of the Coast had not formally answered their lawsuit, nor had they filed for a summary judgement".[19] Weis and Hickman's publishing agent affirmed a few weeks following this that a new trilogy ofDragonlance novels was in the works;[20] the first of the new trilogy was released in August 2022.[21][22]
In December 2022, the first Dragonlance adventure module, titledDragonlance: Shadow of the Dragon Queen, for5th Edition was released. The module is set during the War of the Lance; Wizards of the Coast has stated that the module does not require prior knowledge of the setting or the novels to play the module.[23][24] An integrated board game, titledDragonlance: Warriors of Krynn, was released in 2023, designed by Stephen Baker andRob Daviau.[24][25]Dragonlance: Warriors of Krynn is awargame that focuses on military battles during the War of the Lance. Both games can be played independently, but the adventure module includes rules for using the board game to resolve the military battles that occur in the narrative.[25]
TSR createdDragonlance as a campaign setting for theAdvanced Dungeons & Dragons (AD&D)roleplaying game in 1982, publishing the first of a series ofmodules,Dragons of Despair, in March 1984. They published the first world-spanning sourcebook,Dragonlance Adventures, in 1987. WhenAD&D was updated to the 2nd edition in 1989, theDragonlance campaign setting was updated as well. However, in 1996,Dragonlance was converted to use the newSAGA System, which uses cards to determine the effects of actions, with the publication of theDragonlance: Fifth Age roleplaying game.[7]
When the 3rd edition ofDungeons & Dragons was released in 2000,Dragonlance was not initially updated for the new edition. In 2002, Margaret Weis's companySovereign Press acquired the license to publish 3rd EditionDragonlance material. The official update,Dragonlance Campaign Setting, was published in 2003 for the 3.5 Edition.Wizards of the Coast turned over all responsibility for maintaining theDragonlance setting to Sovereign Press until 2007.[26][3][14] The campaign setting was not supported during the4th Edition era (2008-2013) ofDungeons & Dragons.[27]
In March 2022, Wizards released the PDFHeroes of Krynn which is part of the "Unearthed Arcana" public playtest series for the5th Edition ofDungeons & Dragons.[28]Polygon commented that this "all but confirmed" the return of the Dragonlance setting.[29] The setting was revisited in December 2022 with a new adventure module for the 5th Edition.[23] On December 6, Wizards released the adventure bookDragonlance: Shadow of the Dragon Queen.[30]
The main storyline of the originalDragonlance series has been predominantly written by Margaret Weis and Tracy Hickman.
| 1988 | Heroes of the Lance (Silver Box) |
|---|---|
| 1989 | Dragons of Flame (Silver Box) |
| War of the Lance | |
| 1990 | DragonStrike |
| Champions of Krynn (Gold Box) | |
| 1991 | Shadow Sorcerer (Silver Box) |
| Death Knights of Krynn (Gold Box) | |
| 1992 | DragonStrike (NES) |
| The Dark Queen of Krynn (Gold Box) |
Eightvideo games are set in the Dragonlance world. They belong in six differentgenres and were released within five years, from 1988 to 1992.[31][32]
DL01 - Dragons of Despair andDL02 - Dragons of Flame (corresponding to the events in the first novel,Dragons of Autumn Twilight) were adapted into the video gamesHeroes of the Lance andDragons of Flame, respectively. Instead of being role-playing video games, they areplatform games using the Silver Boxgame engine.[31]DL03 - Dragons of Hope andDL04 - Dragons of Desolation (corresponding to the events between the first and the second novel) were adapted into the video gameShadow Sorcerer. Released in 1991, this earlyreal-time strategy game is a direct sequel to the first two games and a prequel toWar of the Lance (1989).[32]DL11 - Dragons of Glory is a self-contained tabletop strategy game (corresponding to the events in the background of the third novel,Dragons of Spring Dawning) that was adapted into theturn-based strategy gameWar of the Lance.[31]
DragonStrike is a 1990combat flight simulation game whose plot begins halfway through the previous video game.[31] The 1992 NES remake is ascrolling shooter that features an ending different from the one in the novels, but following and fixing a "bad ending" fromDL14 - Dragons of Triumph. Neither game is based directly on any tabletop module. The Gold Box trilogy (Champions of Krynn,Death Knights of Krynn, andThe Dark Queen of Krynn) are the onlyrole-playing video games based on Dragonlance.[31][32] They tell an original story that begins shortly after the events in the 14 tabletop modules.[33]
Apart from those, theMUSH gameDragonLance is based on Krynn during the final stage of theWar of the Lance.[34]
The series has inspired mention in music as well, including "Wishmaster", a song byNightwish based partially on the master and apprentice relationship betweenRaistlin Majere andDalamar.[35] The Swedishmetal bandLake of Tears also recorded a song called "Raistlin and the Rose" on their 1997 albumCrimson Cosmos, while the German groupBlind Guardian wrote "The Soulforged", another song inspired by Raistlin's story, which appeared on the band's 2002 albumA Night at the Opera.[36] Also Danish/American band Pyramaze recorded in their 2008 albumImmortal song "Caramon's Poem".[37] A Russian concept album (2009-2010) and musical (premiered 2014) based on Raitslin's story,The Last Trial, was created by Anton Kruglov and Yelena Khanpira.[38]
In 2008,Dragonlance: Dragons of Autumn Twilight, an animated film based on the firstDragonlance book of the same name, was releaseddirect-to-video. The animation was produced byToonz Animation, and featured the voices ofLucy Lawless,Kiefer Sutherland,Michael Rosenbaum, andMichelle Trachtenberg.[39] In late 2011, Holysoft Studios Ltd. released the first part of a German audio adaption of the Chronicles Trilogy, with subsequent releases of the later trilogies being announced.[40]
Incomics, Krynn has been represented on the 1988Dragonlance series byDC Comics andTSR.[41] More recently,Devil's Due Publishing andWizards of the Coast have also produced a number of comic book series:The Legend of Huma (2003),[42]Chronicles (2005) andLegends (2008).[43]
TheDragonlance world is described in dozens of books and novels. The setting contains numerouscharacters, an extensive timeline, and a detailed geography.
Dragonlance is set on the world of Krynn. Most of the novels take place in the regions ofAnsalon, a small continent, though some have taken place on the continent of Taladas, located northeast of Ansalon. The world's major gods are the High God and his children: good Paladine, neutral Gilean, and evilTakhisis. The gods are opposed by Chaos, who seeks to destroy Krynn. Depending on the period, the evilchromatic and the goodmetallic dragons are rare or plentiful. Humans are Krynn's most common humanoid race, butelves,dwarves,kender,gnomes, andminotaurs occupy the world as well. Clerics derive magical powers from their gods, and wizards derive power from the three moon gods, good Solinari, neutral Lunitari, and evil Nuitari. Hickman had previously served as aMormon missionary inJava for two years and usedIndonesian inDragonlance spells.[2] During Krynn's various wars, armies ofdraconians are used as troops. Draconians are created by corrupting a dragon egg, creating a reptilian humanoid. Any dragon egg can be used to make a draconian, although the ones most commonly used are good dragon eggs because the evil kings want more evil dragons to hatch.[44]
Other gods of the setting include the gods of good Branchala, Habbakuk, Kiri-Jolith, Majere, and Mishakal;[45] the gods of neutrality Chislev, Reorx, Shinare, Sirrion, and Zivilyn;[46] and the gods of evil, Chemosh, Hiddukel, Morgion, Sargonnas, and Zeboim.[47]
The history of the world of Krynn, and thus the settings for both the novels and gaming supplements, is roughly split into five separate ages. The first age is the time of creation, when the gods are born and Krynn is formed. The Age of Dreams, the second age, is marked by the rapid growth of the world's first great civilizations and the appearance of myriad new races. This era is also marked by three great wars between dragons and their minions. Following the Third Dragon War, in the Age of Might, the Cataclysm obliterates the great empire ofIstar and changes almost the entire surface of Krynn. A 300-year depression follows this event, in what is called the Age of Despair. This period also marks theWar of the Lance. When Dragonlance was first introduced toDungeons & Dragons, events such as the Lost Wars happened during The Age of Despair.[48] LaterAge of Mortals novels and game supplements took Krynn into the Fifth Age (the Age of Mortals).[1][49]
Dragonlances are rare and not commonly traded. There are lesser dragonlances, which are made when only one of the artifacts is used to create them, and greater dragonlances, which are made when both artifacts are used to make them. Greater dragonlances are blessed with the power of Good, unlike lesser dragonlances.[50]
There are two sizes of dragonlance. The smaller footman's dragonlance is around eight feet long and functions as apolearm, while the larger mounted dragonlance is around sixteen feet long and most commonly used when mounted on a dragon.[51][52]
The Heroes of the Lance are the protagonists of theChronicles trilogy, the first series ofDragonlance books. They were created by Weis and Hickman, then fleshed out asplayer characters in gaming sessions ofDungeons & Dragons at Hickman's apartment. One player at this initial gaming session was game designer Terry Phillips, who was playing asRaistlin. According to Hickman in the foreword toThe Soulforge, "[we] were just settling in to the game when I turned to my good friend Terry Phillips and asked what his character was doing. Terry spoke...and the world of Krynn was forever changed. His rasping voice, his sarcasm and bitterness all masking an arrogance and power that never needed to be stated suddenly were real. Everyone in the room was both transfixed and terrified. To this day Margaret [Weis] swears that Terry wore the black robes to the party that night."[54]
In a "Traveling Road Show" put on to publicize the novels, the Heroes of the Lance were played by various people. Authors Gary and Janet Pack played the half-elfTanis Half-Elven and thekenderTasslehoff Burrfoot, respectively. AuthorDouglas Niles played the dwarfFlint Fireforge. TSR employee Harold Johnson played theSolamnic knightSturm Brightblade. The rest of the Heroes are the barbariansGoldmoon andRiverwind, elfLaurana Kanan, and humansCaramon Majere (Raistlin's brother) andTika Waylan. Weis played Fizban the Fabulous.[3]
In the beginning, Margaret Weis had problems depictingTanis Half-Elven in the novels. Tracy Hickman finally told her that "he'sJames T. Kirk of theStarshipEnterprise". After that explanation, Margaret had no more difficulty writing about Tanis.[55] Other noteworthy antagonists, and sometimes protagonists, are the Death KnightLord Soth andKitiara Uth Matar, the half-sister of Raistlin and Caramon, and leader of one of theDragonarmies of Ansalon. According to Hickman, Lord Soth is the most unpredictable character to write about: "Every time that character made an appearance in one of our books he would try to run off with the story".[56]
The world of Dragonlance is set on the planet of Krynn, with most of the action taking place on the continent of Ansalon. Some of the key countries and areas on Ansalon are the Plains of Dust, Solamnia with its great metropolis, Palanthas,[57] the Blood Sea Isles, the Empire of Ergoth, Istar, and Sancrist, the elven kingdom of Silvanesti,[58] as well as the dwarven realm of Thorbardin. Important cities and towns and other locations include Solace (location of the Inn of the Last Home, and Sad Town), the High Clerist's Tower, Palanthas, Kendermore, Port Balifor (location of the Pig and Whistle Tavern), and the various Towers of High Sorcery.[59]
Like in manyDungeons & Dragons campaign settings, the fictional world of theDragonlance campaign is shaped by the division by race, with white humans as the central focus, but also including elves, goblins, and many others.[60][61] With the species in many cases clearly assigned to "good" and "evil",[62] some critics have suggested that the setting had thepotential to raise racist expectations.[61] The authors take an active stance against racist ideology and ensure that a "fascistic genocidal campaign to wipe-out species that are considered 'impure'" would have catastrophic consequences.[61] In contrast, the authors emphasize the need for tolerance and cooperation between the races.[61]
Dragonlance is one of the most popularshared worlds, worlds in which writers other than those that created them place adventures.[63] The firstDragonlance trilogy,Chronicles, launched theDungeons & Dragons line of novels, with many of its characters spun off into other novels.[64] Along withForgotten Realms,Dragonlance is TSR's most popular series of novels. According toThe 1990s by Marc Oxoby, what is most notable about the series is that "what may at one time been considered disposable, escapist literature" found "unprecedented popularity" in the 1990s.[65] All of theDragonlance novels remained in print during the decade, turning Weis and Hickman into literary stars and boosting sales of their non-Dragonlance novels. Although the series was initially published in paperback, its success led to hardcover printings. The hardcover version ofDragons of Summer Flame had an "impressive" first printing of 200,000 books.[65] EveryDragonlance novel by Weis and Hickman since 1995 has been released in hardcover, and some previous novels have been re-released in hardcover collector's editions.[66]Dragonlance made TSR one of the most successful publishers of science fiction and fantasy in the 1990s.[67]
By 2008, there were more than 190 novels in theDragonlance franchise.[5] Weis and Hickman'sDragonlance novels have made over twenty bestseller lists, with sales in excess of 22 million.[67] The pair's novels have been translated intoGerman,Japanese,Danish,Dutch,Finnish,Spanish,French,Italian,Hebrew,Portuguese,Greek andTurkish and have sold well in the United States, Britain, and Australia.[2]
Not all critics have praisedDragonlance and its creators. According to authorStephen Hunt, Wendy Bradley ofInterzone magazine does not think highly of their work. Hunt feels that it is unusual for authors to receive such loathing among "fantasy's literary mafia", saying that "behind every critic's scorn laden insult, there lays [sic] that unsaid thought at the end: 'But I could have written that!'"[2]Visions of Wonder, edited byDavid G. Hartwell andMilton T. Wolf, and published by theScience Fiction Research Association, argues thatDragonlance is published under the "omnivore theory" of publishing. In this theory, the readership is made up of teenagers, and completely replaces itself every three to five years. This allows publishers to release subpar novels and still reach a small yet profitable audience.[68]
dragonlance.
