 A Bion spacecraft | |
| Names | Bion 10 Bion '92 Biocosmos 10 Biokosmos 10 |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Bioscience |
| Operator | Institute for Medical and Biological Problems (IMBP) |
| COSPAR ID | 1992-095A[1] |
| SATCATno. | 22300 |
| Mission duration | 12 days |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Bion 10 |
| Spacecraft type | Bion |
| Bus | Zenit |
| Manufacturer | TsSKB |
| Launch mass | 6,000 kg (13,000 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 29 December 1992, 13:30:00UTC |
| Rocket | Soyuz-U 11A511U (s/n U15000-033) |
| Launch site | Plesetsk,Site 43/3 |
| Contractor | TsSKB |
| End of mission | |
| Recovered by | Russian Space Forces |
| Landing date | 10 January 1993, 04:19 UTC |
| Landing site | 50°46′N73°08′E / 50.767°N 73.133°E /50.767; 73.133 (Bion 10 spashdown), Karaganda Region,Kazakhstan[2] |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit[3] |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
| Perigee altitude | 225 km (140 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 393 km (244 mi) |
| Inclination | 62.80° |
| Period | 90.40 minutes |
Kosmos 2229, orBion 10 (inRussian:Бион 10,Космос 2229) was abiomedical research mission involving in ten countries plusEuropean Space Agency (ESA). A Russian spacecraft, was launched by aSoyuz-Ulaunch vehicle from thePlesetsk Cosmodrome. It was part of theBion programme.
Several of the hardware elements on the biosatellite were improved for Kosmos 2229. The in-flight data recording system was enhanced, making high-quality brain and neuromuscular recordings possible. The monkey feeder system was improved, and a backup juice dispenser was available. The monkey restraint system was modified to allow more arm movement. The neurovestibular data acquisition system was updated through a joint American-Russian development effort, allowing more parameters to be recorded in flight.
Bion 10 carried twomonkeys and severalinsects,amphibians,plants, andcell cultures.[1] Participating scientists were from ten countries (Canada, France, Germany,Lithuania, Netherlands, China, Russia,Ukraine, United States, andUzbekistan), plusEuropean Space Agency (ASE). In the planning stages this mission was namedBion '92.
The Kosmos 2229 spacecraft orbited theEarth for almost 12 days. The payload, also designated Bion 10, contained thirteen American life sciences experiments. Studies focused onbone, neuromuscular and vestibular physiology,circadian rhythms, andmetabolism. Tworhesus monkeys served as experimental subjects on the mission. As on previous Kosmos biosatellite missions, the monkeys were trained to activate food and juice dispensers. In addition, they were trained to operate a foot pedal so that muscle responses could be studied in flight. For in-flight neurovestibular testing, the monkeys were trained to make hand and head movements in response to visual stimuli.
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