Klosters | |
|---|---|
 Klosters Dorf | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of Klosters | |
  Klosters  Klosters | |
| Coordinates:46°53′N9°53′E / 46.883°N 9.883°E /46.883; 9.883 | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Canton | Grisons |
| District | Prättigau/Davos |
| Area | |
• Total | 193.16 km2 (74.58 sq mi) |
| Elevation (Evang.-ref. Kirche Klosters Platz) | 1,205 m (3,953 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 3,298 m (10,820 ft) |
| Population (December 2020) | |
• Total | 4,416 |
| • Density | 22.86/km2 (59.21/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 7250 Klosters (Platz), 7252 Klosters Dorf |
| SFOS number | 3871 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH-GR |
| Localities | Platz, Dorf, Selfranga, Äuja, Monbiel |
| Surrounded by | Conters im Prättigau,Davos,Gaschurn (AT-8),Langwies,Lavin,Sankt Gallenkirch (AT-8),Susch |
| Website | www.klosters-serneus.ch |
Klosters is aSwiss village in thePrättigau, politically part of themunicipality ofKlosters-Serneus, which belongs to the political districtPrättigau/Davos in thecanton ofGrisons. In 2021, the municipality shortened its name to Klosters.[2] Klosters itself consists of the two main parts Klosters Dorf ('Village') and Kloster Platz ('Place'), and the settlements Selfranga, Äuja, Monbiel. Together with neighbouring Serneus, the two villages form the former municipality ofKlosters-Serneus. On 1 January 2016, the former municipality ofSaas im Prättigau merged into Klosters-Serneus.[3]
The village'sski resort lies 150 km (93 mi) fromZürich, the nearestinternational airport. Klosters is 10 km (6.2 mi) north fromDavos and part of its extended ski area.
Klosters is first mentioned in 1222 asecclesiam sancti Iacobi. In 1436 it was mentioned aszuo dem Closter.[4] It was part of one of theThree Leagues in theLeague of the Ten Jurisdictions. A part of the league's coat of arms is visible on Klosters' coat of arms.
TheLandquart River flows northwesterly through the village of Klosters and, along with various side streams, defines the geography of this region.
Klosters-Serneus has an area, (as of 2016) of 219.8 km2 (84.87 sq mi).[5] Of this area, about 24.7% is used foragricultural purposes, while 19.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and 54.2% is unproductive land. In the 2004/09 survey a total of 179 ha (440 acres) or about 0.8% of the total area was covered with buildings, an increase of 33 ha (82 acres) over the 1985 amount. Over the same time period, the amount of recreational space in the municipality increased by 14 ha (35 acres) and is now about 0.08% of the total area. Of the agricultural land, 4 ha (9.9 acres) is used fororchards and vineyards, 954 ha (2,360 acres) is fields and grasslands and 4,797 ha (11,850 acres) consists of alpine grazing areas. Since 1985 the amount of agricultural land has decreased by 575 ha (1,420 acres). Over the same time period the amount of forested land has increased by 315 ha (780 acres). Rivers and lakes cover 289 ha (710 acres) in the municipality.[6][7]
Before 2017, the municipality was located in and is the only municipality in Klosters sub-district of the Prättigau/Davos district, after 2017 it was part of the Prättigau/Davos Region.[8] It was created in 1865 through the merger of the formerly independent municipalities of Serneus and Klosters. Until 1973 Klosters-Serneus was known as Klosters.[9] It is the largest and uppermost village in thePrättigau valley. It consists of the villages of Klosters and Serneus and is made up of the sections of Platz, Dorf, Selfranga, Äuja and Monbiel.
TheJöriseen, a group of Alpinelakes located west of theJörifless Pass and north of theFlüela Wisshorn, are within the village.
Klosters-Serneus has a population (as of December 2020[update]) of 4,416.[10] As of 2015[update], 19.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. In 2015 a small minority (226 or 5.9% of the population) was born in Germany and a small minority (286 or 7.5% of the population) was born in Portugal.[11] Thebirth rate in the municipality, in 2015, was 7.0, while thedeath rate was 9.2 per thousand residents.[7] Most of the population (as of 2000[update]) speaks German (88.7%), with Portuguese being second most common (2.9%) and Serbo-Croatian being third (2.6%).[12]
As of 2015[update], children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 17.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) are 57.0% of the population and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 25.3%.[7] In 2015 there were 1,508 single residents, 1,768 people who were married or in a civil partnership, 231 widows or widowers and 301 divorced residents.[13]
In 2015, there were 2,113 private households in Klosters-Serneus with an average household size of 2.13 persons. In 2015, about 33.5% of all buildings in themunicipality were single family homes, which is much less than the percentage in the canton (49.4%) and much less than the percentage nationally (57.4%).[14] Of the 1,376 inhabited buildings in the municipality, in 2000, about 34.8% were single family homes and 43.9% were multiple family buildings. Additionally, about 20.3% of the buildings were built before 1919, while 9.0% were built between 1991 and 2000.[15] In 2014 the rate of construction of new housing units per 1000 residents was 10.24. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2016[update], was 0.89%.[7]
The historical population is given in the following chart:[16]
Klosters is well known as a favorite ski resort forCharles III and subsequently one cable car to the top ofGotschnagrat is recently renamed the "King Charles cablecar".
TheReformierte Kirche am Platz is listed as a Swissheritage site of national significance.[17]
In the2015 federal election the most popular party was theSVP with 41.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were theFDP (18.7%), the BDP (17.6%) and theSP (10.8%). In the federal election, a total of 1,341 votes were cast, and thevoter turnout was 51.4%.[18]
In the2007 federal election the most popular party was theSVP which received 46.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were theFDP (28.7%), theSP (17.2%) and theCVP (4.7%).[12]
In Klosters-Serneus about 76.4% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatoryupper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or aFachhochschule).[12]
Klosters-Serneus is classed as a tourist community.[19] In 2015 local hotels had a total of 128,053 overnight stays, of which 54.4% were international visitors.[20]
As of 2014[update], there were a total of 2,190 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 144 people worked in 62 businesses in theprimary economic sector. Thesecondary sector employed 554 workers in 83 separate businesses. There were 10 small businesses with a total of 219 employees and one mid sized business with a total of 97 employees. Finally, thetertiary sector provided 1,492 jobs in 313 businesses. There were 25 small businesses with a total of 645 employees.[21] In 2015 a total of 10.2% of the population received social assistance.[7]
In 2011 the unemployment rate in the municipality was 1.2%.[22]
In 2015 the average cantonal, municipal and church tax rate in the municipality for a couple with two children makingSFr 80,000 was 3.5% while the rate for a single person making SFr 150,000 was 15%, both of which are close to the average for the canton and nationally. In 2013 the average income in the municipality per tax payer was SFr 70,989 and the per person average was SFr 40,079, which is greater than the cantonal averages of SFr 69,964 and SFr 33,075 respectively In contrast, the national tax payer average is SFr 82,682, while the national per person average is SFr 35,825.[23]
From the 2000 census[update], 895 or 23.0% areRoman Catholic, while 2,587 or 66.5% belonged to theSwiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there are 106 individuals (or about 2.72% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 13 individuals (or about 0.33% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There are 32 (or about 0.82% of the population) who areMuslim. There are 14 individuals (or about 0.36% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 221 (or about 5.68% of the population) belong to no church, areagnostic oratheist, and 27 individuals (or about 0.69% of the population) did not answer the question.[24]
Kloster Platz has cable car lift service to the top ofGotschnagrat at 2,281 m (7,484 ft). In winter it is part of the large ski area betweenDavos and Klosters.
Klosters lies 150 km (93 mi) southeast from Zürich, the nearest international airport. National train service is available from Zürich to Landquart, with regular regional train service to Klosters.
The municipality has four railway stations:Klosters Platz,Klosters Dorf,Cavadürli, andSaas. There is also a variety of regional and local bus services. The local Rhaetian line is theLandquart-Davos Platz line, which connects atLandquart railway station with national rail to Zürich. The portion from Landquart to Klosters was first opened in 1889. Near Serneus this local line passes the 525 m long award-winningSunniberg Bridge, which was completed 1998 as the centerpiece of the Klosters bypass and the Lanquart valley that lies south of the railway. In 2005 the Klosters bypass, which includes both the Sunniberg Bridge and the Gotschna Tunnel, was opened for traffic in a ceremony withPrince Charles, a frequent visitor to Klosters.[25]
The Klostersski resort has been the winter destination for theBritish royal family, notablyPrince Charles, for over three decades.[25] Klosters takes pride in whatTom Robbins refers to as "Discreet luxury yes, pomposity just for show, no", it warns; here "understatement is written in capital letters".[26]Prince William andPrince Harry learned to ski in the village and were often spotted at their usual haunt: Casa Antica.[27] Other notables includePaul Newman,Gregory Peck,Yul Brynner,Lauren Bacall,Juliette Gréco,Irwin Shaw,Charles Korvin,Robert Capa,Greta Garbo andGene Kelly, who famously danced on the tables in the hotel bar of the legendaryHotel Chesa Grischuna whereRex Harrison discussed his musical notes for "My Fair Lady" with the hotel pianist.Peter Viertel described Klosters as "Hollywood on the Rocks" in his acclaimed autobiography "Dangerous Friends" and in 1960 marriedDeborah Kerr in Klosters.[28][29] In more recent history other regulars includePeter Mandelson, billionairesNathaniel Rothschild,[30]Thomas Schmidheiny,[31]Friede Springer,Guy Spier[32] andPeter Munk.[33] Other notables includeTara Palmer-Tomkinson,Rupert Everett and Swiss movie producerMarc Forster.[34][35] Local hotel proprietor and skierRuth Guler ran the Hotel Wynegg, and socialised with several royals, though she treated them no differently to other guests.[36]Nicholas Wheeler andChrissie Rucker own the Haus Alpina chalet in Klosters.[37]
Klosters has aTundra climate (ET) under theKöppen climate classification. The average annual temperature is 2 °C (36 °F). The average coldest month is January with an average temperature of −9 °C (15 °F), while the warmest month is July with an average temperature of 13 °C (55 °F). The wettest month is August during which time Klosters received an average of 110 millimeters (4.3 in) of rain or snow. During this month it receives precipitation for 14.6 days. The month of June has the most precipitation days, 14.9 but only has 86 millimeters (3.4 in) of precipitation. The driest month is February during which time Klosters receives an average of 36 millimeters (1.4 in) of rain or snow. During this month it receives precipitation for 10.6 days.[38]
| Climate data for Klosters | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3 (27) | −1 (31) | 4 (39) | 8 (47) | 14 (57) | 18 (65) | 21 (69) | 19 (67) | 16 (60) | 10 (50) | 3 (37) | −3 (27) | 9 (48) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −9 (15) | −8 (18) | −3 (27) | 2 (36) | 7 (45) | 11 (51) | 13 (55) | 12 (53) | 9 (48) | 4 (39) | −3 (27) | −8 (17) | 2 (36) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16 (4) | −14 (6) | −9 (15) | −4 (25) | 1 (33) | 3 (38) | 5 (41) | 4 (40) | 2 (36) | −2 (28) | −8 (18) | −13 (8) | −4 (24) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 38 (1.5) | 36 (1.4) | 51 (2) | 56 (2.2) | 71 (2.8) | 86 (3.4) | 100 (4.1) | 110 (4.3) | 89 (3.5) | 81 (3.2) | 66 (2.6) | 51 (2) | 840 (33) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.7 | 10.6 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 14.2 | 14.9 | 14.3 | 14.6 | 10.3 | 8.2 | 10.6 | 11 | 133.9 |
| Average rainy days(≥ 1.0mm) | 4.9 | 4.6 | 6 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 8 | 8.8 | 9 | 8 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 83.2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 78 | 74 | 72 | 69 | 66 | 64 | 65 | 69 | 72 | 74 | 77 | 79 | 72 |
| Source:[38] | |||||||||||||
Klosters' most prominent guest, Prince Charles, accompanied by Federal Councillor Moritz Leuenberger and the government of the Grisons officially opened the new bypass road and therewith Menn's bridge.
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