Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム

Jump to content

Kingdom of Tambapanni

Edit links

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sinhalese kingdom in present-day Sri Lanka (543-437 BC)

Kingdom of Tambapaṇṇī

තම්බපණ්ණිය රාජධානිය (Sinhala)
Tambapaṇṇī Rājadhāniya

543 BC–437 BC

Kingdom of Tambapanni

Capital

Tambapaṇṇī^[1]
Upatissagāma^[2]
Vijithapura^[3]

Common languages

Government

• 543–505 BC

• 505–504 BC

• 504–474 BC

• 474–454 BC

• 454–437 BC

Historical era

Pre Anuradhapura period

• Indo-Aryan settlement

543 BC

• Consecration of Vijaya

543 BC

• Nineteen Years' War

458–439 BC

• Kingdom moved to Anuradhapura

437 BC

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	Naga people (Lanka)
	Yakkha people

Anuradhapura Kingdom

Part ofa series on the

Historicalstates ofSri Lanka

Sinhala kingdom

Kingdom of Tambapanni	543–437 BCE
Anuradhapura kingdom	437 BCE–1017 CE
Anuradhapura from Rohana	1017–1055
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa	1055–1232
Kingdom of Dambadeniya	1232–1341
Kingdom of Gampola	1341–1371
Kingdom of Kotte	1371–1597

Transitional period

Jaffna kingdom	1232–1620
Kingdom of Sitawaka	1521–1594

Kandyan period

Kingdom of Kandy	1469–1815
Portuguese Ceylon	1597–1658
Dutch Ceylon	1658–1796

British Ceylon period

British Ceylon

1815–1948

Sri Lanka since 1948

Dominion of Ceylon	1948–1972
Republic of Sri Lanka	1972–present

flag Sri Lanka portal

TheKingdom of Tambapaṇṇī (Sinhala:තම්බපණ්ණිය රාජධානිය,romanized: Tambapaṇṇī Rājadhāniya) was the firstSinhalese kingdom inSri Lanka. Its administrative centre was based atTambapaṇṇī. It existed between 543 BC and 437 BC. According to theMahavamsa, the Kingdom was founded byPrince Vijaya and his followers.

Name

[edit]

Tambapaṇṇī is a name derived fromTāmraparṇī orTāmravarṇī (inSanskrit).^[4] This has got reference to theThamirabarani river in SouthernTamil Nadu,India. This means the colour of copper or bronze because when Vijaya and his followers landed in Sri Lanka, when their hands and feet touched the ground they became red with the dust of the red-earth. Therefore, the city founded on that spot was named Tambapaṇṇī.^[5] A derivative of this name isTaprobane (Greek).

Background

[edit]

Ancient grave sites that were used before 600BC and other signs of civilisation have also been discovered in Sri Lanka, but little is known about the history of the island before this time.^[6] According to theMahāvamsa, a chronicle written inPāḷi, the inhabitants of Sri Lanka prior to the Sinhala migration were theYakkha (Sanskrit:यक्षyakṣa;Pali:yakkha) andNāga races.^[7]^[8] Sinhalese history and the historical period of Sri Lanka traditionally starts in 543 BC with the arrival ofPrince Vijaya.^{[citation needed]}

Legend has it that whenPrince Vijaya landed on the shores of the island he kissed the sand, called it 'Thambapanni' and planted a flag depicting a lion in the ground. (The famous 'Sanchi' ruins of India depict the events of Prince Vijaya'a landing).^[9] After landing in Tambapaṇṇī, Vijaya metKuveni the queen of theYakkhas, who was disguised as a beautiful woman but was really ayakkhini named Sesapathi.^[10]

History

[edit]

The Kingdom of Tambapaṇṇī was founded byPrince Vijaya, the firstSinhalese King, and 700 of his followers after landing in Sri Lanka in an area near modern-dayMannar, which is believed to be the district of Chilaw.^[11] It is recorded that Vijaya made his landing on the day of Buddha's death.^[12] Vijaya claimedTambapaṇṇī as his capital and soon the whole island became known by this name. Tambapaṇṇī was originally inhabited and governed byYakkhas, with their capital at Sirīsavatthu.^[1]

Upatissagāma was the secondcapital of the kingdom. It was seven or eight miles further north of the previous capitalTambapaṇṇī.^[3]^[13]^[14] The city was established byUpatissa, a follower and senior minister ofVijaya.

During the end of his reign Vijaya, who was having trouble choosing a successor, so sent a letter to the city of his ancestors atSinhapura, in order to invite his brotherSumitta to take over the throne.^[15] However Vijaya had died before the letter had reached its destination so the monarchy was succeeded by his chief ministerUpatissa who acted as king for a year.^[2]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]

^^a ^bpalikanon.com 2019.
^^a ^bMalalasekera 2017.
^^a ^bCodrington 1926, p. 9.
^Perera n.d.
^Chapter III. Connection With Ceylon, Generally One Of Hostility 2009.
^Blaze 1933, p. 6.
^Senaveratna 1930, p. 2.
^Senaveratna 1930, p. 4.
^Naizer 2009.
^Manathunga 2007.
^Mittal 2006, p. 405.
^King Vijaya (B.C. 543-504) and his successors 2009.
^Blaze 1933, p. 7.
^Senaveratna 1930, p. 10.
^Blaze 1933, p. 12.

Bibliography

[edit]

Blaze, L. E. (1933).History of Ceylon(PDF) (Eighth ed.). Colombo: Christian literature society for India and Africa.
Codrington, H. W. (1926).A Short History Of Ceylon. London:Macmillan & Co.
Senaveratna, John M. (1930).The Story of the Sinhalese from the Most Ancient Times Up to the End of "the Mahavansa" Or Great Dynasty: Vijaya to Maha Sena, B.C. 543 to A.D.302. Colombo: W. M. A. Wahid & Bros.ISBN 9788120612716.{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
Mittal, J.P. (2006)."Other dynasties".History of Ancient India: From 4250 BC to 637 AD. Vol. 2 of History of Ancient India: A New Version. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors.ISBN 81-269-0616-2. Retrieved6 November 2009.
"Tambapanni".www.palikanon.com. Retrieved23 February 2019.
Manathunga, Anura (4 February 2007)."The first battle for freedom".The Sunday Times. Retrieved6 November 2009.
Naizer, Nizla (4 February 2009)."Evolution of the National Flag".The Bottom Line. Archived fromthe original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved6 November 2009.
Malalasekera, G. P. (5 February 2017)."Upatissagāma".www.softerviews.org. Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names. Archived fromthe original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved23 February 2019.
Perera, D. G. A. (n.d.)."Lankan place name in historical perspective". The island. Retrieved25 August 2011.
"Chapter III. Connection With Ceylon, Generally One Of Hostility".chestofbooks.com. Retrieved6 November 2009.
"King Vijaya (B.C. 543-504) and his successors".lankalibrary.com. Retrieved6 November 2009.

v t e Sinhalese monarchy
Sinhala kingdom
Timeline	Dipavamsa Mahavamsa Culavamsa Rajavaliya
Periods	Pre Anuradhapura &Anuradhapura period Tambapanni Anuradhapura Polonnaruwa period Chola occupation Polonnaruwa Transitional period Dambadeniya Gampola Kotte Sitawaka Kandyan period Kandy
Dynasties	Vijaya Lambakanna I Moriya Lambakanna II Vijayabahu Kalinga Siri Sanga Bo Senasammata Vikramabahu Vimaladharmasuriya Nayaks
Monarchs	By reign Family tree Interregnums 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Sinhalese female monarchs Sinhalese Queens Usurpers Regnal name
Institutions	Royal court Amātya Mandalaya Rājākariya Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
Royal Residences	Tambapaṇṇī Upatissagāma Vijithapura Anuradhapura Sigiriya Rohana Polonnaruwa Dambadeniya Yapahuwa Kurunegala Gampola Dedigama Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte Rayigama Sitawaka Kandy
Related dynasties	Kalinga Vanga Shakya Vedda Pandyan Mauryan Madurai Nayak
Other	Sinhapura Sinhabahu Titles Crown Jewels Royal Standards Pretenders Abhisheka Vijayabā Kollaya

Sri Lanka topics

Overviews

History

Periods	Prehistory Pre-Anuradhapura period Anuradhapura period Polonnaruwa period Transitional period Kandyan period British Ceylon period Sri Lanka (1948–present)
Epochs	Mahāvaṃsa Vijaya Tambapanni Anuradhapura Chola conquest of Anuradhapura Polonnaruwa Jaffna Dambadeniya Gampola Kotte Crisis of the Sixteenth Century Sitawaka Kandy Portuguese Ceylon Dutch Ceylon British Ceylon Kandyan Wars Uva Rebellion Matale rebellion Independence movement Dominion of Ceylon Civil war Aragalaya
Topics	Chronicles Monarchs Demographic Economic Education Military Sexual Minorities

Government

Law	Constitution Constitutional Council
Executive	President Executive Office Ministers Cabinet / Ministries Administrative Service National Security Council Law enforcement
Judiciary	Supreme Court Court of appeal High Courts District courts Magistrate's Courts Primary Courts Labour Tribunal
Legislature	Parliament Prime Minister Office Speaker Deputy speaker and chairman of committees Deputy Chairman of Committees Leader of the House Leader of the Opposition Chief Government Whip Chief Opposition Whip Secretaries-General 15th Parliament Members
National security	Armed Forces Air Force Army Navy Coast Guard Intelligence State Intelligence Service Directorate of Military Intelligence Criminal Investigation Department Sri Lanka Police Service
Devolution	Provincial governments Local governments Municipal councils Urban councils Pradeshiya Sabha Wards

Politics

Geography

Administrative divisions

Economy

Industries

Society

Topics	Birth Demographics Women Sexual Minorities Education Health Languages Sinhala Tamil Media Mass media Public holidays Religion Social class World Heritage Sites
Culture	Architecture Art Cinema National Film Corporation Cuisine Dance Fashion Flag Folklore Literature Music National symbols Philosophy Radio Sport Traditional games Angampora Cheena di Television Theatre
Issues	Capital punishment Crime Disability Gender inequality Human rights Immigration International rankings LGBT history LGBT rights Poverty Terrorism