One of gravestones in Kings of Tallo Burial Site carved in Arabic script.
TheKingdom of Talloʼ was one of the two kingdoms ofMakassar inSouth Sulawesi from the 15th century to 1856. The state stood in a close political relation to theSultanate of Gowa. After theIslamization of the Gowa and Tallo kingdoms in the early 17th century, they were usually collectively known as the Makassar Kingdom.
The Kingdom of Tallo dates from the mid-15th century. When the 6th King of Gowa, Tunatangka'lopi, died, he was succeeded as the 7th King of Gowa by his eldest son Batara Gowa Tuminanga ri Paralakkenna, while his brother Karaeng Loe ri Sero ruled part of the region as the first King of Tallo. The Kingdom of Tallo region included Saumata, Pannampu, Moncong Loe, and Parang Loe.
The two kingdoms of Tallo and Gowa subsequently engaged each other in combat and competition, until Tallo was defeated. During the reign of the 10th King of Gowa, Tunipalangga Ulaweng, and the 4th King of Tallo, Daeng Padulu (c. 1540-1576), an agreement was reached. This was known asRua karaeng se're ata (twokings but one people). The agreement regulated the fellowship so that the King of Gowa becameSombaya (highest king) while the King of Tallo became the 'blind Speaker' of the fellowship of the two kingdoms. Since then, the Kingdom of Tallo was always involved in and supported the expansion of theSultanate of Gowa inSouth Sulawesi and beyond. The elite of the kingdom accepted Islam in 1605, and strove to disseminate the creed in different directions in theIndonesian Archipelago.[1]
Among the prominent Tallo rulers was Karaeng Matoaya (1593-1623) and his son Karaeng Pattingalloang (1641-1654), who were educated individuals and reliableprime ministers, and brought theMakassar Kingdom to its peak of power. During this period Makassarese power encompassed most of Sulawesi,East Kalimantan,Lombok,Sumbawa, and some parts ofMaluku andTimor. However, the expansion inevitably led to conflicts with theDutch East India Company based onJava. At the time when Harunarrasyid was King of Tallo (1654-1673) andHasanuddin ruled Gowa, a major war broke out. The Dutch force was supported byArung Palakka, a prince from Bone. Makassar was defeated in 1667 and 1669 and formally lost its far-flung empire. The ensuingTreaty of Bongaya regulated political affairs in the region,and ensured the presence of the Dutch in South Sulawesi.[2] The frustrated Harunarrasyid went over with a fleet to Sumbawa and died there in 1673. In the following decades several Tallo princes led restless lives as overseas sea migrants, often turning to piracy and raiding. The Tallo homeland existed as a separate state under Dutch suzerainty until 1856 when the 23rd and last king, La Makkarumpa Daeng Parani, had to step down.[3]
Although Tallo was now placed directly under the colonial government, the territory kept a sense of own identity, even after the winning ofIndonesian Independence in 1949. In the present time, Karaeng H Andi Abdul Rauf Maro Daeng Marewa, also known as Karaeng Rewa, is the traditional societyleader.
KaraengLoe ri Sero’, Tuniawanga ri Sero mid-15th century
KaraengTunilabu ri Suriwa (son) c. 1500
I Mangayoangberang Karaeng Pasi’, posthumously titled KaraengTunipasuru’ ri Tallo’ (son) ?-c. 1540/43
I Mappatakakatana Daeng Padulu’ KaraengPattingalloang, posthumously titled Tumenanga ri Makkoayang (son) 1540/43-1576
I Sambo Daeng Niasseng Karaeng Pattingalloang KaraengBainea (daughter) 1576-90
I Tepukaraeng Daeng Parabbung, posthumously titled KaraengTunipasulu’ (son) 1590-1593
I Mallingkang Daeng Manyonri Karaeng Kanjilo Karaeng Sigeri Karaeng ri Tallo Karaeng Matoaya SultanAbdullah Awwalul Islam, posthumously titled Tumamenang ri Agamana (uncle) 1593-1623
I Manginyarrang Daeng Makkio Karaeng Kanjilo SultanAbdul Jafar Muzaffar Tumammalinga ri Timoro, posthumously titled Tumenanga ri Tallo’ (son) 1623-1641
I Mangadacinna I Daeng Ba’le Karaeng Pattingalloang SultanMahmud, posthumously titled Tumenanga ri Bontobiraeng (brother) 1641-1654
I Mappaiyo Daeng Mannyauru’ SultanHarun Al Rasyid, posthumously titled Tumenanga ri Lampana (son of Abdul Jafar Muzaffar) 1654-1673
I Mappincara Daeng Mattinri Karaeng Kanjilo SultanAbdul Kadir, posthumously titled Tumenanga ri Pasi’ (son) 1673-1709
I Mappau’rangi Daeng Mannuntungi Karaeng Boddia, SultanSirajuddin, posthumously titled Tumenanga ri Tallo’ (son) 1709-1714
I Manrabbia Daeng Ma’nassa Karaeng Kanjilo, SultanNajmuddin, posthumously titled Tumenanga ri Jawayya (son) 1714-1729
I Mappau’rangi Daeng Mannuntungi Karaeng Boddia, SultanSirajuddin, posthumously titled Tumenanga ri Tallo’ (second time) 1729-1739
Safiuddin Karaeng Limpangang (son) 1739-1760
Tu Timoka (grandson of Najmuddin) 1760-1761
Abdul Qadir Karaeng Majannang (grandson of Karaeng Patingalloang) 1761-67
Sitti Saleh I (queen, from Taeng) 1767-1777
interregnum 1777-1814
Sitti Saleh II (daughter of Safiuddin) 1814-1824
Abdul Rauf Karaeng Limbangparang (brother) 1824-1825
I Kumala Abdul Kadir (son) 1825
La Odanriu Karaeng Katangka (uncle) 1825-1845
Aisyah (sister) 1845-1850
La Makkarumpa Daeng Parani (grandson of La Odanriu) 1850-1856
