King Shaka International Airport Koning Shaka Internasionale Lughawe (Afrikaans) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||||||
| Summary | |||||||||||
| Airport type | Public | ||||||||||
| Owner/Operator | Dube Tradeport Corporation (cargo terminal) Airports Company South Africa (passenger terminal) | ||||||||||
| Serves | Durban, South Africa | ||||||||||
| Location | La Mercy,KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa | ||||||||||
| Opened | 1 May 2010; 15 years ago (2010-05-01) | ||||||||||
| Hub for | |||||||||||
| Focus city for | FlySafair | ||||||||||
| Elevation AMSL | 93 m / 304 ft | ||||||||||
| Coordinates | 29°37.0′S031°6.5′E / 29.6167°S 31.1083°E /-29.6167; 31.1083 | ||||||||||
| Website | King Shaka International Airport | ||||||||||
| Map | |||||||||||
  DUR Location in the Durban metropolitan area Show map of Durban DUR DUR (KwaZulu-Natal) Show map of KwaZulu-Natal DUR DUR (South Africa) Show map of South Africa DUR DUR (Africa) Show map of Africa | |||||||||||
| Runways | |||||||||||
| |||||||||||
| Statistics (April 2024-March 2025) | |||||||||||
| |||||||||||
| Source:Airports Company South Africa[2][3] | |||||||||||
King Shaka International Airport (IATA:DUR,ICAO:FALE), abbreviatedKSIA, is the primaryinternational airport servingDurban,South Africa. It is located inLa Mercy,KwaZulu-Natal, approximately 35 km (22 mi) north of the city centre ofDurban. The airport opened its doors to passengers on May 1, 2010, 41 days before the start of the2010 FIFA World Cup.[4] It replacedDurban International Airport (ICAO:FADN) and uses the sameIATA airport code.[5][6] The airport was designed by Osmond Lange Architects and Planners and costR 6,800,000,000[7][8] (aboutUS$900 million[9]).
Although the larger airport was built to grow the area's international services, it is also a key airport for domestic services throughout South Africa, serving the "Golden Triangle" betweenCape Town International Airport,O. R. Tambo International Airport inJohannesburg, and KSIA itself with seven passenger and two cargo airlines offering domestic air services.
The airport forms part of theDube TradePort, which will additionally consist of atrade zone linked to the airport's cargo terminal, facilities to support the airport such as nearby offices and transit accommodations for tourists, an integrated agricultural export zone, and an IT platform.[10]
The largest aircraft KSIA currently has scheduled services for is theBoeing 777-300ER, withEmirates operatingDubai–Durban, although KSIA's runway length and terminal can handle the world's largest passenger aircraft, theAirbus A380, and smallerBoeing 747. In September 2015, during the World Routes Conference, which was held in Durban (the first time on African soil),Turkish Airlines announced a new international service to Istanbul[11] andQatar Airways announced the commencement of service to Doha in December of that year.[12]
On 27 January 2014, an Airbus A380-841 of British Airways landed at KSIA becoming the first A380 to do so. The aircraft was being used for training and operated many flights in and out of the airport until February 4, 2014. The aircraft also returned for further pilot training between 29 August and 1 September of the same year.[13]
King Shaka International Airport was conceptualized when the limitations of Durban International Airport became apparent.[7] The airport's 2,400 m (7,874 ft) runway was too short to allow large aircraft such as theBoeing 747 to operate intercontinental routes out of Durban, and the resulting decrease in international air traffic caused Durban to become marginalized compared to Johannesburg and Cape Town.[14] Upgrading Durban International Airport was considered, but a study published in 2007 found that the existing airport would still have serious constraints and would reach its maximum potential by 2025, after which there would be no choice but to develop KSIA.[15] It was also found that it would be 95% more expensive to operate Durban International Airport to its full potential and only then develop KSIA, than it would be to develop KSIA immediately.[15] However, disputes betweenAirports Company South Africa (ACSA) and the Dube Trade port firm (which is backed by the KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) provincial government) stalled the project until national transport ministerJeff Radebe intervened to jump-start the project in 2004.[16]
The project was then hit by a tender war between the Illembe consortium (led by Group Five and Wilson Bayly Holmes-Ovcon) and the Indiza consortium (led by Grinaker-LTA). Both consortiums pre-qualified for the tender in April 2006; however, the tender was awarded to the Illembe consortium, with the Indiza consortium not being considered for failing to meet certain tender requirements.[17] The Indiza group appealed the decision, claiming that the correct tender process had not been followed and that their bid had been unfairly excluded;[17][18] However, their legal challenge was dismissed by thePietermaritzburg High Court in February 2007.[19]
The final obstacle was a delay in the approval of the project'senvironmental impact assessment (EIA) by theSouth African Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism.[7] The EIA was eventually approved in August 2007; conditions attached were the appointment of an environmental control officer, issues of access from the nearbyN2 motorway, and fauna and flora issues; in particular, the impact of construction and airport operations on a nearby colony of barn swallows.[20]
Construction of the airport commenced on 24 August 2007, immediately after the approval of the EIA.[21] Construction progressed steadily throughout the next two years, with operational testing of the airport beginning in December 2009.[22] The airport handled its first commercial flights on 1 May 2010.[23] Despite the high construction costs, the airport was designed without a viewing deck or travellators.[24]
It was unclear what the fate of the existingDurban International Airport would be now that the KSIA was complete. It was originally expected that the airport would be decommissioned and the site (in a prime industrial area) would be redeveloped, possibly as a dug-out port serving nearby automotive assembly and component factories; however, such plans have been put on hold.[25] The Durban International Airport eventually became defunct.
British Airways inaugurated a direct link to London's Heathrow Airport in October 2018.[26] It said in December 2020 that it had suspended the service because of theCOVID-19 pandemic.[27]
Despite wide expectations that the airport would be named "King Shaka International Airport" (Shaka was the leader of theZulu nation in the early 19th century), it emerged in October 2009 that the airport needed to undergo a formal naming process.[28] The former premier of KZN,S'bu Ndebele, described the naming process as urgent, stating that "pilots cannot fly to a place with no name".[28] Public hearings on the naming of the airport began at the beginning of November 2009, with most attendees favoring "King Shaka International Airport" as the new airport's name.[29]
On 8 December 2009, it was reported that "King Shaka International Airport" was indeed the most popular name for the new airport.[30] The airport name was approved by theSouth African Geographical Names Council on 14 January 2010,[31] and became official on 2 February 2010 when theMinister of Arts and Culture gave final approval to the name.[29]
KSIA is currently building two new heavy-class remote gates, which will be named Foxtrot Aprons. Taxiway Bravo is also being extended and will connect to the runway north of the Taxiway Hotel.[32]
As of March 2010, information on future development at KSIA is scarce and conflicting. Long-term master plans published on the Dube Trade Port website show projected phases of development in the future.[33] However, images of future development posted on an internet forum indicate five phases of development, with each phase to be developed based on annual passenger volumes reaching certain levels.[citation needed] Both sources of information agree that the airport would have two parallel runways, with the passenger terminal building having an estimated capacity of 45 million passengers per year in the future.
The airport is located inLa Mercy,KwaZulu-Natal, approximately 35 km (22 mi) north of Durban. The airport precinct is bordered by theM43 road to the north, theMdloti River to the south, theR102 road to the west, and theN2 freeway to the east.
Neighboring communities are Cotton lands and the LIV village at Hazelmere Dam Wall to the west,oThongathi to the northwest,Verulam to the southwest, andeMdloti to the southeast. Notable communities further away areuMhlanga to the south andBallito to the north. These communities are generally opposed to the airport because of noise concerns,[34] recommendations for mitigation of which were made in the project's Environmental Impact Report.[35]
Mount Moreland, a small community located 2.6 km (1.6 mi) south of the airport, is an important roosting site for theEuropean barn swallow.[36] The roughly 250 m2 (299 sq yd) reed bed where the birds roost is directly underneath the approach path to runway 06. When the construction of the airport was announced, there were fears that the reed bed would have to be destroyed due to the perceived threat ofbird strikes, creating concern amongst environmentalists.[36]
As a result, a study into the risks ofbird strikes at KSIA was commissioned, with special attention being paid to thebarn swallows atMount Moreland. The study showed that the early morning dispersals of swallows generally happen before any scheduled arrivals or departures (earlier than 06:00), and the late afternoon swarms take place below the airport approach path, with only 5% of the birds protruding up into the path for a very short time (around 10 minutes).[37] It was also noted that larger bird species, flying at higher altitudes, would pose more of a risk to aircraft than swallows, such species already being a risk atDurban International Airport.[37] The study concluded that it would be possible for the airport and swallows to coexist. Proposed risk mitigation measures included curtailing flight movements during the afternoon swarm, setting theglide slope approach to Runway 06 to 3.2 or 3.5 degrees rather than the standard 3 degrees (to stay above the birds), and the installation of aradar system that would monitor bird movements and be integrated into the operational plan of the airport.[37]
In response to the study,ACSA contracted De-Tect Inc. to install aradar system that would monitor all bird activity around KSIA, notifyingair traffic controllers of any dangers to aircraft. The radar system arrived in January 2009 and started collecting data to be used when the airport became operational.[38][39]
The passenger terminal is located at the southern end of the airport and is split into two levels: arrivals are handled on the lower floor and departures on the upper floor. With a total floor area of 102,000 m2 (1,100,000 sq ft), the terminal is capable of handling 7.5 million passengers per year.[40]
The check-in concourse, located on the upper floor, contains 72 check-in counters and 18 self-service kiosks, as well as ticket offices for the various airlines operating out of the airport. Passengers pass through separate domestic and international security checkpoints before proceeding to the departure lounges and boarding gates. The airport has 34 aircraft parking bays and 16jet bridges. Four of the jet bridges (gates A20-A23) can be combined into groups of two to handle Code F aircraft (e.g., anAirbus A380) or can be used separately to handle four Code C aircraft (e.g., anAirbus A320 orBoeing 737). The remainder are capable of handling one Code C aircraft each.[40][41]
The arrivals area is located on the lower floor, with a baggage reclaim hall containing five conveyors that can be allocated for domestic and international use. Most of the airport's retail shops are also located on the lower floor, as is apiazza area immediately outside the terminal building. Including shops in the departure lounges, the airport has 52 retail outlets and 6,500 m2 (70,000 sq ft) of retail space.[40]
The terminal does not have a public viewing deck, which has attracted public criticism.[42] There are, however, vantage points on the elevated departures drop-off-road, as well as elsewhere in the airport precinct.[43] The International Terminal is located to the left of the airport and has two A380-800 docking bays in which four A330s can be parked.
The cargo terminal is located to the north of the passenger terminal and is in the approximate centre of the airport precinct. The cargo terminal has an initial size of 15,000 m2 (160,000 sq ft) and an initial capacity of 150,000metric tons (165,000short tons) of cargo per year. A long-term expansion could see the cargo terminal expand to a size of 100,000 m2 (1,100,000 sq ft) and a capacity of 1,000,000 metric tons (1,100,000 short tons) of cargo per year.[44] In August 2009, Worldwide Flight Services was given a five-year contract to operate the cargo terminal.[45][46]
The cargo terminal forms one component of the Dube Trade Port's Trade Zone Precinct, which is, additionally, home to trade and logistics warehousing as well as cargo and light industry activities that require quick access to air cargo services, and covers an area of 36 hectares (89 acres).[47] In February 2013, Shree Property Holdings agreed to build a 60,000 m2 (650,000 sq ft) facility in the Dube Trade Zone and an additional 15,000 m2 (160,000 sq ft) facility.[48]Samsung is to build a TV Production Plant at The Dube Trade Port by the end of 2014; the estimated cost over three years will be $20 million, thus increasing the production from 500 000 flat screens to 1 million.
One of the objectives of the cargo terminal is to recapture local air freight traffic from JNB.[47] It is estimated that KwaZulu-Natal produces approximately 25,000 metric tons (27,600 short tons) of air cargo a year, which is currently transported by road to Johannesburg.[49] The airport also has the advantage of sea level operation as opposed to Johannesburg's high altitude and is also near thePort of Durban, the busiest seaport in the Southern Hemisphere.[50] The cargo terminal will initially have two Code F stands (capable of accommodating large aircraft, like the freighter variants of theBoeing 747-8), which can be expanded to ten stands in the long term.[15]
| Airlines | Destinations |
|---|---|
| BidAir Cargo[64] | Johannesburg-Lanseria,Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo |
King Shaka International Airport handled 5.04 million passengers in the 2024–2025 financial year, with the majority (4.7 million) being domestic passengers, 324,919 being international, and a small percentage of traffic being classified as "unscheduled". 40,935 aircraft traffic movements were recorded; the majority again being domestic services. Theimpact of the COVID-19 pandemic on travel resulted in passenger numbers plummeting: only 1,5 million passengers were recorded during the 2020-2021 financial year; a decrease of 75.4%. International travel was hardest hit, with a decrease in international passenger numbers of 94.4% recorded.
The statistics place King Shaka International Airport as thethird busiest airport in South Africa, behind bothOR Tambo International Airport inJohannesburg andCape Town International Airport.[65]
The following tables list passenger and air traffic statistics for King Shaka International Airport as published byAirports Company South Africa. Statistics run between April and March the following year.
| Year | International | Domestic | Unscheduled | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passenger movements | % Change | Passenger movements | % Change | Passenger movements | % Change | Passenger movements | % Change | |
| 2010–20111 | 179,744 |  81.8% | 4,672,960 | 8.7% | 20,867 | 215.6% | 4,873,571 | 10.7% |
| 2011–2012 | 201,037 | 11.8% | 4,828,631 | 3.3% | 10,426 |  50.0% | 5,040,094 | 3.4% |
| 2012–2013 | 226,764 | 12.8% | 4,430,677 | 8.2% | 11,026 | 5.8% | 4,668,467 | 7.0% |
| 2013–2014 | 277,866 | 22.5% | 4,179,121 | 5.7% | 8,101 | 26.5% | 4,465,088 | 4.4% |
| 2014–2015 | 294,852 | 6.1% | 4,222,226 | 1.0% | 7,816 | 3.5% | 4,524,894 | 1.3% |
| 2015–2016 | 288,188 | 2.3% | 4,632,085 | 9.7% | 9,882 | 26.4% | 4,930,155 | 9.0% |
| 2016–2017 | 356,234 | 23.6% | 4,854,489 | 4.8% | 9,279 | 6.1% | 5,220,002 | 5.9% |
| 2017–2018 | 363,483 | 2.0% | 5,252,153 | 8.2% | 8,534 | 8.0% | 5,624,170 | 7.7% |
| 2018–2019 | 383,380 | 5.5% | 5,601,676 | 6.7% | 8,105 | 5.0% | 5,993,161 | 6.6% |
| 2019–2020 | 393,309 | 2.6% | 5,699,080 | 1.7% | 7,239 | 10.7% | 6,099,628 | 1.8% |
| 2020–2021 | 21,829 | 94.5% | 1,475,230 | 74.1% | 5,227 | 27.8% | 1,502,286 | 75.4% |
| 2021-2022 | 60,273 | 176.1% | 3,147,204 | 113.3% | 8,448 | 61.6% | 3,215,925 | 114.1% |
| 2022–2023 | 232,077 | 285.0% | 4,066,174 | 29.2% | 9,168 | 8.5% | 4,307,419 | 33.9% |
| 2023–2024 | 277,396 | 19.5% | 4,706,511 | 15.8% | 10,271 | 12.0% | 4,994,178 | 15.9% |
| 2024–2025 | 324,919 | 17.1% | 4,710,158 | 0.0% | 7,845 | 23.6% | 5,042,922 | 1.0% |
| Year | International | Domestic | Unscheduled | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aircraft movements | % Change | Aircraft movements | % Change | Aircraft movements | % Change | Aircraft movements | % Change | |
| 2010–20111 | 1,460 | 0.1% | 49,623 | 1.5% | 3,635 | 59.4% | 54,718 | 3.6% |
| 2011–2012 | 1,404 | 3.8% | 50,491 | 1.7% | 3,299 | 9.2% | 55,194 | 0.9% |
| 2012–2013 | 1,739 | 23.9% | 43,875 | 13.1% | 4,059 | 23.0% | 49,673 | 10.0% |
| 2013–2014 | 2,134 | 22.7% | 42,928 | 2.2% | 4,497 | 10.9% | 49,559 | 0.2% |
| 2014–2015 | 2,216 | 3.8% | 42,325 | 1.4% | 4,814 | 7.1% | 49,355 | 0.4% |
| 2015–2016 | 2,132 | 3.8% | 44,544 | 5.3% | 5,630 | 17.0% | 52,316 | 6.0% |
| 2016–2017 | 2,780 | 30.4% | 46,466 | 4.3% | 5,789 | 2.3% | 55,030 | 5.2% |
| 2017–2018 | 2,217 | 25.4% | 46,480 | 0.0% | 5,369 | 7.3% | 54,066 | 1.8% |
| 2018–2019 | 2,870 | 29.5% | 43,667 | 6.4% | 4,594 | 14.4% | 51,131 | 5.7% |
| 2019–2020 | 3,145 | 9.6% | 43,466 | 0.5% | 4,142 | 9.8% | 50,753 | 0.7% |
| 2020–2021 | 233 | 92.6% | 11,505 | 73.5% | 2,912 | 29.7% | 14,650 | 71.1% |
| 2021–2022 | 663 | 184.6% | 25,406 | 120.8% | 3,787 | 30.0% | 29,856 | 103.8% |
| 2022–2023 | 1,580 | 138.3% | 32,673 | 28.6% | 3,096 | 18.3% | 37,349 | 25.1% |
| 2023–2024 | 2,390 | 51.3% | 35,921 | 9.9% | 2,805 | 9.4% | 41,116 | 10.1% |
| 2024–2025 | 2,821 | 18.0% | 35,874 | 0.0% | 2,240 | 20.1% | 40,935 | 0.0% |
The airport is accessible from both theN2 freeway and the alternativeR102 road, with theM65 linking the N2 at exit 195 and the R102 betweenVerulam andoThongathi (Tongaat) with the airport. The M65 does not continue from the N2 interchange to the coastalM4 highway, necessitating M4 traffic to divert to the N2 using either theM27 if approaching from the south, or theM43 (Ushukela Drive) if approaching from the north; however, the airport's Environmental Impact Assessment recommended that the M65 should be extended to the M4 in the future should traffic volumes rise to the point where this would become necessary.[35] Another notable road in the vicinity of the airport is theR614 from theAlbert Falls andWartburg areas, which terminates at the R102 in the northern outskirts ofoThongathi; users of the R614 access the airport via the R102.
The majority of routes to and from the airport via theN2 involve payment of a toll: traffic leaving the airport to the south (the direction of Durban) must pass through the La Mercy Ramp Plaza located at the interchange of the N2 andM65,[66][67] while traffic arriving at and leaving the airport from the north (the direction of Ballito/KwaDukuza) must pass through the mainline of oThongathi Toll Plaza located at the interchange of the N2 and M43. Motorists arriving from the south along the N2 are not tolled, and theR102 acts as an untolled alternative route. The N2S from the airport can lead to the M4S in uMhlanga, which leads directly into the city.
The airport contains 6,500 public parking bays, both in a short-term parkade and in a shaded medium-term parking area.[68] Public road transport is provided by airport shuttle buses and metered taxis, which have been allocated their own pick-up and drop-off area adjacent to the terminal entrance to the international arrivals area.
The main railway line heading north fromDurban along theNorth Coast runs close to theR102. Direct rail access was provided for in the master plans, and is expected to be constructed after 2010 as part of the second phase of construction.[69] In 2014, talks of a new high-speed monorail between the city and the airport were put forward, with an expected start to construction set for 2017.[70]
In late 2024, it was announced that theeThekwini Metropolitan Municipality was planning a feasibility study for atram-light rail system between the Durban city centre and the airport, while an exclusive rail link was still under consideration.[71][72][73] The tram-light rail system feasibility study was cancelled in June 2025 by the municipality due to no acceptable tenders being received.[74]
 | This articlecontainspromotional content. Please helpimprove it by removingpromotional language and inappropriateexternal links, and by adding encyclopedic text written from aneutral point of view.(October 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Media related toKing Shaka International Airport at Wikimedia Commons
