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Kinetics (physics)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Subfield of physics
Not to be confused withKinematics.

Part of a series on
Classical mechanics
F=dpdt{\displaystyle {\textbf {F}}={\frac {d\mathbf {p} }{dt}}}

Inphysics andengineering,kinetics is the branch ofclassical mechanics that is concerned with the relationship betweenmotion and its causes, specifically,forces andtorques.[1][2][3] Since the mid-20th century, the termdynamics (oranalytical dynamics) has largely supersededkinetics in physics textbooks,[4] though the term is still used in engineering.

Inplasma physics, kinetics refers to the study ofcontinua invelocity space. This is usually in the context of non-thermal (non-Maxwellian) velocity distributions, or processes thatperturb thermal distributions. These "kinetic plasmas" cannot be adequately described withfluid equations.

The termkinetics is also used to refer tochemical kinetics, particularly inchemical physics andphysical chemistry.[5][6][7][8][9][10] In such uses, a qualifier is often used or implied, for example: "physical kinetics", "crystal growth kinetics", and so on.

References

[edit]
  1. ^kinetics. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
  2. ^Louis Adolphe Martin (1907).Text-book of Mechanics. Wiley. p. Section X, pp. 69ff.
  3. ^Kinetics must not be confused withkinematics, the study of motion without consideration of the physical circumstances causing it (see, e.g.,Edmund Taylor Whittaker (1988).A Treatise on the Analytical Dynamics of Particles and Rigid Bodies (Reprint of the Fourth Edition of 1936 with a foreword by William McCrea ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. Chapter 1.ISBN 0-521-35883-3.), which is a separate branch of classical mechanics.
  4. ^Seethis discussion.
  5. ^Lifshitz, E. M.; Pitaevskii, L. P.; Sykes, J. B.; Franklin, R.N. (1981).Physical Kinetics. Butterworth-Heinemann.ISBN 0-7506-2635-6.
  6. ^Alexeev, Boris V.; Alexeev (2004).Generalized Boltzmann Physical Kinetics. Elsevier.ISBN 0-444-51582-8.
  7. ^Gorelik, G. E.; N. V. Pavlyukevish; V. V. Levdansky; V. G. Leitsina; G. I. Rudin (1995).Physical Kinetics and Transfer Processes in Phase Transitions. Begell House.ISBN 1-56700-044-4.
  8. ^Krainov, Vladimir P.; Kevin Hendzel (1992).Qualitative Methods in Physical Kinetics and Hydrodynamics. Springer.ISBN 0-88318-953-4.
  9. ^American Chemical Society, Division of Physical Chemistry (1976).Evolution of Kinetics: A Centennial Symposium of the Division of Physical Chemistry, American Chemical Society. American Chemical Society.
  10. ^Alvarenga HD, Van Steenberge N, Sietsma J, Terryn H (February 2017)."The Kinetics of Formation and Decomposition of Austenite in Relation to Carbide Morphology".Metall Mater Trans A.48:828–840.doi:10.1007/s11661-016-3874-z.
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