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TheKildare Street Club is a historical member's club inDublin,Ireland, at the heart of theAnglo-IrishProtestant Ascendancy.
The Club remained inKildare Street between 1782 and 1977, when it merged with theDublin University Club to become theKildare Street & University Club, moving to the University Club's 1776 premises at number 17 on the North side ofSt Stephen's Green. Its second Kildare Street clubhouse, built between 1859 and 1860, has not been disposed of but, as of 2002, wasleased to theAlliance Française.
Founded in the year of theConstitution of 1782, the club's first home was a house in Kildare Street built by Sir Henry Cavendish on land bought fromJames FitzGerald, 20th Earl of Kildare, later firstDuke of Leinster. In 1786 the club acquired an adjoining house also built by Cavendish, thus completing its original clubhouse.[1]
There is a tradition that what prompted the foundation of the club was theblackballing ofWilliam Burton Conyngham atDaly's Club inDame Street.[1] This led to an exodus of members from Daly's, who formed a new club which soon rivalled their old one as a fashionable haunt and which in the end eclipsed it. ADublin Tourism booklet from the mid-1990s maintains that the Club was founded in 1782 "as a polite alternative to the notorious Daly's Club, then the most luxurious in Dublin."[2]
Although by the later 19th century the club was closely associated with theProtestant Ascendancy andIrish Unionism, nevertheless its earliest members included men strongly opposed to the British connection, such asSir Jonah Barrington, who argued against the creation in 1801 of aUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.[3]
In a famous incident at the Kildare Street Club in 1806,Earl Landaff, a supporter ofCatholic Emancipation, denounced the "eighty-five scoundrels" who had blackballed his brotherMontague James Mathew, and stalked out of the club, never to return.[1]
By 1840, the club had some six hundred and fifty members, "a large and elegant card-room, coffee, reading, and billiard-rooms". There was a committee of fifteen members, elected annually. Admission to membership was by ballot, with an entrance fee of£26, 10s., and an annual subscription of £5.[4][5]
In 1858, it was decided to build a new clubhouse, as the original premises at 6, Kildare Street, were now too small for the club's needs. In 1859, the club was described inThe Building News as "an institution famous foraristocracy,claret andwhist..." Between 1859 and 1860, the new clubhouse was built, designed byThomas Newenham Deane andBenjamin Woodward, at a cost of some £21,000. This replaced three existing houses on Kildare Street and one on Leinster Street, which were demolished, giving an L-shaped new building, with an internal plan similar to that of theReform Club inPall Mall, London. The club committee had altered Deane and Woodward's originalItalian Gothic design, insisting on largearched windows divided by thincolumns, and the outcome was described asByzantine.[6] The new building is adorned by "whimsical beasts".[7]
The club had planned to move from the old to the new building in 1861, but on 11 November 1860, there was a disastrous fire at the old clubhouse. Three maids died, and a fourth was saved by being at the time in the bedroom of the club accountant, from which she was rescued. All of the club's pictures and furniture and a library of fifteen thousand books were destroyed, and the club moved into its new building before completion.[6]
InParnell and his Island (1887),George Moore wrote scathingly of the club:
The Kildare Street Club is one of the most important institutions in Dublin. It represents in the most complete acceptation of the word the rent party in Ireland; better still, it represents all that is respectable, that is to say, those who are gifted with an oyster-like capacity for understanding this one thing: that they should continue to get fat in the bed in which they were born. This club is a sort of oyster bed into which all the eldest sons of thelanded gentry fall as a matter of course. There they remain spending their days, drinking sherry and cursingGladstone in a sort of dialect, a dead language which the larva-like stupidity of the club has preserved. The green banners of theLeague are passing, thecries of a new Ireland awaken the dormant air, the oysters rush to their window – they stand there open-mouthed, real pantomime oysters, and from the corner of Frederick Street, a group of young girls watch them in silent admiration.[8]
OverwhelminglyProtestant andAnglo-Irish, in 1900 the club was called by a member "the only place in Ireland where one can enjoy decentcaviar".[9] It has been estimated that at about this time only between two and six per cent of the club's members were supporters ofIrish Home Rule. The most popular Dublin club for theIrish Parliamentary Party was theSt Stephen's Green Club, while the Kildare Street Club was closely associated with theIrish Conservative Party and later theIrish Unionist Alliance.[10]
After thepartition of Ireland of 1921, and again after theSecond World War, the Kildare Street Club found itself in decline. In 1976 it merged with theDublin University Club, thereafter sharing the premises of the latter at 17,St Stephen's Green, under the name "Kildare Street and University Club".[7][11] In 1967 the owner of the Kildare Street premises, Phoenix Assurance, sought permission to demolish half the building and replace it with an office block, having printed the notice in the newspapers in Irish. Dublin Corporation refused permission in June 1967. The next owners, Rampart Holdings, sought permission to redevelop the interior of the building in March 1971, and as only the exterior of the building was protected by a preservation order, this work was allowed to go ahead. The interior of the building was gutted, with the vaulted arcades, stone fireplaces, carved columns, staircase and flying buttresses removed. The work began in 1971, and was finished by 1973, having converted the interior to accommodate 15,500 square feet of office space.[12]
As of 2002, the building was leased to theState Heraldic Museum andGenealogical Office and theAlliance française.[7][11]
In thegenre ofnew Sherlock Holmes stories,Peter Tremayne's "The Affray at the Kildare Street Club" appeared inThe Mammoth Book of New Sherlock Holmes Adventures (1997). The story is set in 1873, when before going up toOxford Holmes is visitingTrinity College, Dublin. He solves the theft at the Kildare Street Club of a hair-brush from anIrish duke.[15]
The 'club' in 'Club Soda' refers to the Kildare Street Club, which commissionedCantrell & Cochrane to produce it under trademark in 1877.[16]
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