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Khoirao language

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Sino-Tibetan language of India

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Khoirao
Thangal Naga
Thangal written inMeitei script
Region	Manipur,Assam
Ethnicity	Thangal people
Native speakers	24,000 (2001)^[1]
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Zemeic languages Khoirao
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`nki`
Glottolog	`than1255`
ELP	Thangal Naga

Naga people
Part ofa series on
Ethnic groups
Anāl Angami Naga Ao Chakhesang Chang Chirr Chiru Chothe Inpui Kharam Khiamniungan Konyak Lamkang Lainong Liangmai Lotha Mao Maram Maring Monsang Moyon Nocte Para Phom Pochury Poumai Rengma Rongmei Sangtam Sümi Tangkhul Tangsa Tarao Thangal Tikhir Tutsa Wancho Yimkhiung Zeme
Languages
Tenyidie Chokri Khezha Sopvoma Poula Pochuri Ntenyi Southern Rengma Sümi Ao Changki Khiamniungan Lotha Thukumi Yimkhiungrü Tikhir Chirr Para Makury Long Phuri Koki Tangkhul Somra Ngachan Kachai-Padang Huishu Tusom Maringic Zeme
v t e

Khoirao, also known asThangal, is aSino-Tibetan^[2]^[3] language spoken inManipur,India. It belongs to theZemeic branch.^[4]^[5]

The speakers of this language useMeitei language as theirsecond language (L2) according to theEthnologue.^[6]

Geographical distribution

[edit]

Khoirao is spoken in the East and West Sadar hills subdivisions,Senapati district,^[7] northernManipur,^[8] in the villages of Mapao Thangal, Thangal Surung, Makeng Thangal, Tumnoupokpi, Yaikongpao, T-Khullen, Ningthoubam, Mayangkhang, and Angkailongdi. Most villages located are east of the Barak valley.^{[citation needed]}^{[verification needed]}

References

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^Khoirao atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
^Hale, Austin (1982). "Review of research".Research on Tibeto-Burman Languages. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 1-48 [30-31 (table)].doi:10.1515/9783110825497-002.
^Ruhlen, Merritt (1987). "Genetic Classification of the World's Languages".A Guide to the World’s Languages. Vol. I: Classification. Redwood City: Stanford University Press. pp. 275-380 [331-332].doi:10.1515/9781503621336-015.
^Bashir, Elena (2016). "Contact and convergence". In Hans Henrich Hock; Elena Bashir (eds.).The Languages and Linguistics of South Asia: A Comprehensive Guide. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 241-374 [301-302].doi:10.1515/9783110423303-004.
^Driem, George van (2008). "Endangered Languages of South Asia". In Matthias Brenzinger (ed.).Language Diversity Endangered. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 303-341 [322].doi:10.1515/9783110905694-016.
^"Meitei | Ethnologue".Ethnologue. Retrieved2023-05-03.
^Chelliah, Shobhana L. (2015). "Is Manipur a linguistic area?".Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics.2 (1): 87-109 [90].doi:10.1515/jsall-2015-0004.
^Albrecht Klose, ed. (2001). ""K"".Sprachen der Welt: Ein weltweiter Index der Sprachfamilien, Einzelsprachen und Dialekte, mit Angabe der Synonyma und fremdsprachigen Äquivalente (in German). Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Saur. pp. 259-304 [281].doi:10.1515/9783110967494.259.

Northwestern	Aimol Anal Chiru Chothe Kharam Koireng Kom Lamkang Monsang Moyon Purum Tarao Ranglong Sorbung
Northeastern	Thadou Tedim Paite Gangte Simte Sizang Vaiphei Zo Ngawn Ralte
Central	Mizo Hmar Biate Hrangkhol Sakachep Hakha Falam Bawm Thor Pangkhu Saihriem Darlong
Maraic	Mara Lautu Zyphe Senthang Zotung
Khomic	Khumi Mro-Khimi Rengmitca
Southern	Shö Thaiphum Daai Kʼchò Nga La Welaung Kaang Laitu Ekai Rungtu Songlai Sumtu

Naga

Ao (Central Naga)	Ao Chungli Ao Mongsen Ao Long Phuri Para Sangtam Yimchungrü Lotha Makury Wui
Angami–Pochuri	Angami Chokri Kheza Sopvoma Poula Pochuri Ntenyi Rengma Sümi
Tangkhulic	Tangkhul Somra Akyaung Ari Kachai Huishu Champhung Tusom Suansu Challow Kongai Koki Maring Uipo
Zemeic (Western Naga)	Zeme Liangmai Rongmei Mzieme Inpui Khoirao Maram

Meitei

Meitei

Karbic

Languages ofNortheast India

Arunachal
Pradesh

Sal	Deori Nocte Singpho Tangsa Tutsa Wancho
Tani	Adi Apatani Bori Gallong Nishi Tangam Yano
Other	Assamese Hajong Karbi Milang Nefamese Puimei

Assam

Indo-Aryan

Sino-Tibetan

Kuki-Chin	Amri Karbi Bawm Biate Chiru Gangte Hmar Hrangkhol Karbi Paite Ranglong Saihriem Sakachep Vaiphei
Sal	Barman Bodo Deori Dimasa Garo Kachari Koch Kokborok Moran Nocte Rabha Singpho Tangsa Tiwa Turung Tutsa Wancho
Tani	Adi Bangni-Tagin Bokar Hill Miri Mising Na Nishi
Zeme	Inpui Khoirao Maram Rongmei Zeme
Other	Hajong Meitei

Kra-Dai

Manipur

Kuki-Chin

Northern	Anāl Biate Chiru Chothe Gangte Hrangkhol Kom Lamkang Moyon Paite Purum Ralte Simte Thadou Vaiphei Zou
Other	Hmar Mizo Monsang Sakachep Sorbung Tarao

Zeme

Other

Meghalaya

Kuki-Chin	Amri Karbi Biate Gangte Karbi Khelma Mizo Vaiphei
Khasic	Khasi Lyngngam Pnar War
Other	Atong Garo Hajong Koch

Mizoram

Nagaland

Sino-
Tibetan

Angami- Pochuri	Angami Chokri Kuzhami Moyon Ntenyi Pochuri Rengma Sümi Sopvoma
Ao	Ao Lotha Mongsen Ao Sangtam Wui Yimchungrü
Sal	Chang Dimasa Khiamniungan Konyak Nocte Phom Wancho
Zeme	Inpui Lamkang Mzieme Rongmei Zeme
Other	Chiru Chothe Khelma Makury Tangkhul