Khidr Beg خضر بك | |
|---|---|
| Title | KhidrBegÇelebi |
| Personal life | |
| Born | 810 A.H. = 1407 A.D. |
| Died | Some reports place his death in 860 A.H. = 1456 A.D., but 863 A.H. = 1459 A.D. is more likely Constantinople (nowadaysIstanbul) |
| Era | Islamic Golden Age |
| Region |  Ottoman Empire |
| Main interest(s) | Aqidah,Kalam (Islamic theology),Logic,Fiqh (Islamicjurisprudence),Arabic prosody,Literature,Tafsir |
| Notable work(s) | Jawahir al-'Aqa'id, better known as:al-Qasida al-Nuniyya ("Ode Rhyming in the Letter Nun [N]") |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
| Creed | Maturidi |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced | |
KhidrBey orKhidr Beg (Turkish:Hızır Çelebi (Hızır Bey);[Note 1]Arabic:خضر بك) was anOttomanSunniHanafi-Maturidi scholar andpoet of the 9th/15th century, and the firstkadi (qadi) ofIstanbul. The unique source for his biography is the Arabic original ofal-Shaqa'iq al-Nu'maniyya byTash-Kopru-Zade.[1]
He was born inSivrihisar, where his father, Jalal al-Din, was kadi — though the fact that the latter was, also. He completed his studies inBursa under the famous scholar Molla Yegan, whose daughter he married, and is then said to have returned to Sivrihisar as a teacher. He acquired such a reputation for learning that he was appointed to themadrasa ofMurad II in Bursa with an increase in stipend, and certain of his pupils here were subsequently to become scholars of great eminence. Next he taught at the madrasa ofBayezid I in Bursa, again with an increased stipend, and in addition was appointed kadi ofİnegöl. From here he moved to the newest of the two madrasas in theÜç Şerefeli Mosque inEdirne, and thence toYanbolu (in present-dayBulgaria) as kadi.
His three sons, Ya'kub Pasha, Mufti Ahmad Pasha and Sinan Pasha, were also notable scholars, the latter being the author of the famous Tadarru'dt.
After the conquest ofIstanbul in 857/1453, he was appointed its first kadi, in which post he remained until his death in 863/1458-9. He is buried in theZeyrek quarter of Istanbul, where he also built the mosque later attributed to a certain Hadjdji Kadin.
He was buried next to the tomb ofAbu Ayyub al-Ansari (Eyüp Cemetery), the companion ofMuhammad who died during theFirst Arab Siege of Constantinople (674–678 CE).
Although Khidr Beg is reputed to have introduced the versifiedchronogram intoOttoman literature, very few of his Turkish poems have survived and his reputation rests on three poems in Arabic.
The first, a didacticqasida in thebasitmetre on the creed, is known as the Nuniyya and has been the subject of several commentaries, most notably that by his pupilal-Khayali.
Another qasida, also a Nuniyya, also calledJawahir al-'Aqa'id (Arabic:جواهر العقائد), dealing with the creed, but in thewafir metre, is usually known as 'Ujalat layla aw laylatayn (Arabic:عجالة ليلة أو ليلتين), is paid special attention in Ottoman period by writing many commentaries.
Finally, there is a Mustazad, in aPersian variety of thehazadj metre, which was greatly admired and attracted imitations for over a century. Bursali Mehmed Tahir mentions a translation intoPersian of the Mafdli' which he made at the request of SultanMehmed the Conqueror, the work in question probably being theMatali' al-Anwar, onlogic, bySiraj al-Din Urmavi (d. 1283).
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