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Katsuhiro Otomo

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Japanese manga artist and filmmaker (born 1954)

Katsuhiro Otomo
大友 克洋
Otomo in 2016
Born (1954-04-14)April 14, 1954 (age 71)
NationalityJapanese
AreaCartoonist, Writer
Notable works
Dōmu
Akira
Metropolis
Steamboy
Awards
SpouseYoko Otomo
ChildrenShohei Otomo

Katsuhiro Otomo (大友 克洋,Ōtomo Katsuhiro; born April 14, 1954) is a Japanesemanga artist, screenwriter, animator, and film director. He first rose to prominence as a pioneer founder of theNew Wave in the 1970s. He is best known as the creator ofAkira, both theoriginal 1982 manga series and the1988 animated film adaptation. In 2005, Otomo was decorated aChevalier of the FrenchOrdre des Arts et des Lettres,[1] promoted toOfficier of the order in 2014,[2] and became the fourth manga artist ever inducted into the AmericanEisner Award Hall of Fame in 2012.[3] Celebrated in Japan, he was also awarded thePurple Medal of Honor from the national government in 2013.[4]

In addition, Otomo later received theWinsor McCay Award at the41st Annie Awards in 2014 and the 2015Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême, the first manga artist to receive the award.[5][6]

Early life

[edit]

Katsuhiro Otomo was born inTome,Miyagi Prefecture and grew up inTome District. He said that living in the very ruralTōhoku region left him with nothing to do as a child, so he read a lot ofmanga.[7] As the only boy in a family with older and younger sisters, he enjoyed reading and drawing manga on his own and thought about becoming a manga artist. Limited by his parents to buying one manga book a month, Otomo typically choseKobunsha'sShōnen magazine, which includedAstro Boy byOsamu Tezuka andTetsujin 28-go byMitsuteru Yokoyama, series which he would copy drawing in elementary school. However, he said it was after readingShotaro Ishinomori'sHow to Draw Manga that he understood how to draw manga properly and started doing so more seriously.[7]

In high school, Otomo developed an interest in movies, that led to his ambition to become an illustrator or film director. At this time, one of his friends introduced him to an editor atFutabasha, who, after seeing Otomo's manga, told the high school student to contact him if he moved to Tokyo after graduating. Otomo did exactly that, and began his career in Tokyo as a 19-year old professional manga artist.[7]

Career

[edit]

Manga

[edit]

On October 4, 1973, Otomo published his first work, a manga adaptation ofProsper Mérimée's short storyMateo Falcone, titledA Gun Report.[8]

In 1979, after writing multiple short-stories for the magazineWeekly Manga Action, Otomo created his first science-fiction work, titledFireball. Although the manga was never completed, it is regarded as a milestone in Otomo's career as it contained many of the same themes he would explore in his later, more successful manga such asDōmu.Dōmu began serialization in January 1980 and ran until July 1981. It was not published in book form until 1983, when it won theNihon SF Taisho Award.[9] It also won the 1984Seiun Award for Best Comic.[10]

In a collaboration with writer Toshihiko Yahagi, Otomo illustratedKibun wa mō Sensō about a fictional war that erupts in the border between China and the Soviet Union. It was published inWeekly Manga Action from 1980 to 1981 and collected into one volume in 1982. It won the 1982 Seiun Award for Best Comic.[10] 38 years later, the two created the one-shot sequelKibun wa mō Sensō 3 (Datta Kamo Shirenai) for the April 16, 2019 issue of the magazine.[11]

Also in 1981, Otomo drewA Farewell to Weapons for the November 16 issue ofKodansha'sYoung Magazine. It was later included in the 1990 short story collectionKanojo no Omoide...[12]

Otomo posing on a replica of a futuristic motorcycle seen in his seriesAkira (2016)

In 1982, Otomo began what would become his most acclaimed and famous work:Akira. Kodansha had been asking him to write a series for their newYoung Magazine for some time, but he had been busy with other work. From the first meeting with the publisher,Akira was to be only about ten chapters "or something like that," so Otomo said he was really not expecting it to be a success.[7] It was serialized for eight years and 2000 pages of artwork.

In 1990, Otomo did a brief interview withMTV for a general segment on the Japanese manga scene at the time.[13] Otomo created the one-shotHi no Yōjin about people who put out fires in Japan'sEdo period for the debut issue ofComic Cue in January 1995.[14]

Otomo wrote the 2002 picture bookHipira: The Little Vampire, which was illustrated by Shinji Kimura.[15]

Otomo created the full-color workDJ Teck no Morning Attack for the April 2012 issue ofGeijutsu Shincho.[16]

Following the2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, Otomo, a native of the Tōhoku region, designed arelief that features a boy riding a robot goldfish in rough seas, while flanked byFūjin andRaijin. Intended to capture the region's will to overcome the natural disaster, it has been located on the first floor of the terminal building atSendai Airport since March 2015.[17]

Otomo was initially reported in 2012 to be working on his first long-form manga sinceAkira.[18] Planning to draw the work that is set during Japan'sMeiji period without assistants, he was initially targeting a younger audience, but said the story had developed more towards an older one. Although planned to begin in fall 2012, Otomo revealed in November of that year that the series had been delayed.[19] By 2018, Otomo said he was doing a full-length work, but the contents were still secrets.[20] In 2022, Kodansha released Otomo's entire body of manga since 1971 as part of "The Complete Works Project," which featured six separate releases of two books each. It was noted that some of his manga were edited when initially compiled into book format, and this new project, personally overseen by Otomo, restored them to how they appeared in their original serialization.[21]

Film

[edit]

At the age of 25, Otomo spent about 5 million yen to make a16 mm live-action film about an hour long. He said that making this private film showed him roughly how to make and direct movies.[7] In 1982, Otomo made hisanime debut, working as character designer for the animated filmHarmagedon: Genma Wars. It was while working on this film that Otomo began to think he could do it by himself.[7]

In 1987, Otomo directed an animated work for the first time: a segment, which he also wrote the screenplay and drew animation for, in the anthology featureNeo Tokyo. He followed this up with two segments in another anthology released that year,Robot Carnival. In 1988, he directed theanimated film adaptation of his mangaAkira.

Otomo was executive producer of 1995'sMemories, an anthology film based on three of his stories. Additionally, he wrote the script forStink Bomb andCannon Fodder, the latter of which he also directed.[22]

Otomo has worked extensively with the studioSunrise. In 1998, he directed theCG shortGundam: Mission to the Rise to celebrate the 20th anniversary of theirGundam franchise.[23] The studio has animated and produced his 2004 feature filmSteamboy, 2006'sFreedom Project, and 2007'sSOS! Tokyo Metro Explorers: The Next. The last, is based on Otomo's 1980 mangaSOS! Tokyo Metro Explorer and follows the son of its main characters.[24]

The 2001 animated filmMetropolis features a script written by Otomo that adapts Tezuka's manga ofthe same name.[25]

Otomo directed the 2006 live-action filmMushishi, based onYuki Urushibara's manga ofthe same name.[26]

In 2013, Otomo took part inShort Peace, an anthology consisting on 4 short films; he directedCombustible, a tragic love story set in the Edo period based on his 1995 mangaHi no Yōjin,[14] whileHajime Katoki directedA Farewell to Weapons, depicting a battle in a ruined Tokyo based on Otomo's 1981 manga of the same name.[12]Combustible won the Grand Prize in the Animation category of theJapan Media Arts Festival in 2012,[27] and was even shortlisted for the 2013Best Animated Short at the85th Academy Awards.

Otomo directed the music video forAya Nakano's 2016 song "Juku-Hatachi".[28] He is a fan of the singer and previously drew the cover to her 2014 albumWarui Kuse.[28]

Reports have suggested that Otomo will be the executive producer of the live-action film adaptation ofAkira.[29] In 2019, he announced that he is writing and directing an animated film adaptation of his 2001 mangaOrbital Era with Sunrise and released a trailer that same year.[30]

Style

[edit]

Otomo said that when he started his professional career in the late 1970s, "almost all manga wasgekiga likeGolgo 13. So it was all gekiga orsports manga, nothing to do withscience fiction." Remembering how much he loved science fiction as a child, Otomo wanted to recreate that kind of excitement; "That was in part how something likeDomu came about. [...] There was nohard science fiction manga [...] so I wanted to change that and do something more realistic and believable."[7]

Describing his characterization style, Otomo said he first tried to draw and imitate "very traditional manga-like art," such asAstro Boy. But by the time he was in high school, illustration work by people likeTadanori Yokoo and Yoshitaro Isaka was popular, so he wanted to create manga characters with this illustrative art style.[7] When asked about how Japanese critics praise him as the first manga artist to draw realistic Japanese faces, Otomo said he always tries to balance fantasy and realism; "Depicting things too realistically actually damages the social realism of the piece, and if you go too far into the realm of fantasy, that hurts its imaginative ability." However, he said the realism of his early works probably came from having used friends as character models.[31] French cartoonistMoebius, who is known for realistic character designs, is often cited as one of Otomo's biggest influences.[32] Otomo is considered to be one of the artists of theNew Wave in manga in the late 1970s and 1980s especially due to his visual innovation.[33]

Otomo includes homages to his favorite childhood manga in his work, and there were three manga authors that he really respected at that time;Osamu Tezuka,Shotaro Ishinomori andMitsuteru Yokoyama. He named the main computer inFireball ATOM afterTezuka's character of the same name, the character nicknamed Ecchan inDomu is a reference to Ishinomori'sSarutobi Ecchan, and the title character ofAkira is also known as No. 28 in homage to Yokoyama'sTetsujin 28-go in addition to the two series having the "same overall plot."[7] Ever since depicting the apartment complex inDomu, Otomo has had a large interest in architecture, proclaiming, "I don't think there was anyone before me who put this much effort into their depictions of buildings." He believes this habit of drawing detailed backgrounds was influenced byShigeru Mizuki's manga, which showed him how important backdrops are to a story.[31] Otomo strongly praised the framing done byTetsuya Chiba, whose work he studied a lot out of admiration at a store inKichijoji, for making it easy to grasp how tangible the backgrounds and characters are. It was taken from Chiba'sNotari Matsutaro, a seinen sports manga that mainly inspired Otomo to develop hisgrammar for making manga, including Domu.[34]

When asked about his influences in designing themecha inFarewell to Weapons, Otomo pointed out thatStudio Nue's work was popular at the time, specifically mentioning the powered suit designs byKazutaka Miyatake andNaoyuki Kato. He also stated that he is a fan of mecha by Takashi Watabe and Makoto Kobayashi and is fond of those seen inNeon Genesis Evangelion, but explained that all his influences are jumbled and mixed together; "In short, I digest many different things and ideas tend to pop out from that."[7]

Legacy

[edit]
France's 2016Angoulême International Comics Festival hosted an exhibition of art created in tribute to Otomo.

It was around the 1979 publication of hisShort Peace short story collection that Otomo's work became influential in Japan. Artists influenced by him and his work includeHisashi Eguchi,Naoki Urasawa,Naoki Yamamoto,Makoto Aida andHiroya Oku.[35][36][37] When talking in 1997 about the future of manga, Urasawa opined that

[Osamu] Tezuka created the form that exists today, thencaricatures appeared next, and comics changed again when Katsuhiro Otomo came on the scene. I don't think there's any room left for further changes.[38]

Masashi Kishimoto cited Otomo as one of his two biggest influences, but liked Otomo's art style the best and imitated it while trying to develop his own.[39] TheDragon Ball manga creatorAkira Toriyama was interviewed on who was his favorite manga artist, and said that he found his peer Otomo to be “incredible.”[40]

Otomo's manga work also notably influenced a number ofJapanese video game designers by the mid-1980s, includingEnix'sYuji Horii (The Portopia Serial Murder Case andDragon Quest),Capcom'sNoritaka Funamizu (Gun.Smoke andHyper Dyne Side Arms), UPL's Tsutomu Fujisawa (Ninja-Kid),Thinking Rabbit's Hiroyuki Imabayashi (Sokoban),dB-SOFT's Naoto Shinada (Volguard), Hot-B's Jun Kuriyama (Psychic City), andMicrocabin's Masashi Katou (Eiyuu Densetsu Saga).[41]

DirectorSatoshi Kon, who worked as an assistant to Otomo in both manga and film, citedAkira and especiallyDomu as influences.[42] American film directorRian Johnson is a big fan of Otomo and pointed out similarities between how telekinesis is depicted inDomu and its depiction in his filmLooper.[43]

In 2017, the bookOtomo: A Global Tribute to the Mind Behind Akira was published in Japan, France and the United States, featuring writing and artwork from 80 artists such asMasakazu Katsura,Taiyo Matsumoto,Masamune Shirow,Asaf andTomer Hanuka, andStan Sakai.[44] From April 8 to May 8, 2021, comic art collector Phillipe Labaune's self-titled art gallery in New York City held "Good For Health, Bad For Education: A Tribute to Otomo" as its first exhibition.[45] Including pieces originally curated by Julien Brugeas for the 2016 Angoulême International Comics Festival, it featured a total of 29 Otomo-inspired works by international artists such asSara Pichelli,Paul Pope,Boulet,François Boucq,Giannis Milonogiannis and Ian Bertram.[46]

Personal life

[edit]

Otomo is married to Yoko Otomo. Together they have one child, a son namedShohei Otomo, who is also an artist.[47]

Bibliography

[edit]

Manga

[edit]
Year(s)TitleNotes
1973A Gun Report (銃声)Short story based on Prosper Mérimée, published inWeekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 4 August 1973.
1973Best Friend (親友)Short story based on Edogawa Ranpo, published inWeekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 6 October 1973.
1973Uncle Smiley (スマイリーおじさん)Short story based on Mark Twain, published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 3 November 1973.
1973Hashi to soshite... (橋とそして...)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 29 November 1973.
1973Kodomotachi wa Doko E... (子供たちは何処へ...)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 20 December 1973.
1974Shanghai Wind (上海かぜ)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 26 January 1974.
1974Mitsuryō no Yoru (密漁の夜)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 28 February 1974.
1974BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZShort story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 25 April 1974, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1974BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZShort story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 23 May 1974, later collected in GOOD WEATHER.
1974ONE DOWNShort story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 4 July 1974.
1974Mezameyo to Yobu Koe Ari (目覚めよと呼ぶ声あり)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 15 August 1974, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1974Shinjū '74 Aki (心中ー'74秋ー)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 3 October 1974, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1974Anya Kōro 〔Kizu Darake no Tenshi・1〕 (暗夜行路〔傷だらけの天使・1〕)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 31 October 1974, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1974Pakku Kuso Omoshiroku mo Nakatta Kyō no Owari ni 〔Kizu Darake no Tenshi・2〕 (パック糞面白くもなかった今日の終わりに〔傷だらけの天使・2〕)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 5 December 1974, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1975Tankyori Sōsha no Rentai 〔Kizu Darake no Tenshi・3〕 (短距離走者の連帯〔傷だらけの天使・3〕)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 6 February 1975, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1975Shūaku no Kishimi 〔Kizu Darake no Tenshi・4〕 (醜悪の軋み〔傷だらけの天使・4〕)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 6 March 1975, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1975CHOONPARA BOOGIE WOOGIE CHOONPARA BOOGIE 〔Kizu Darake no Tenshi・5〕 (チュンパラブギウギチュンパラブギ〔傷だらけの天使 ・5〕)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 5 June 1975, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1975Sukat to Sukkiri 〔Kizu Darake no Tenshi・6〕 (スカッとスッキリ〔傷だらけの天使 ・6〕)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 7 August 1975, later collected in HIGHWAY STAR.
1975Tsujigiri (辻斬り)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 23 August 1975, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1975ROCK 〔Kizu Darake no Tenshi・7〕 (ROCK〔傷だらけの天使・7〕)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) on 27 November 1975, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1976Kagami ()Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 3 January 1976, later collected in BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZ.
1976Kagami Jigoku (鏡地獄)Short story based on a work by Edogawa Ranpo, published in 別冊漫画アクション on 21 March 1976.
1976AME-LINGO (アメリンゴ)Published in two parts on 8 and 15 April 1976 in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション), later collected in GOOD WEATHER.
1976Shusei Sanchi no Yuki Chan (酒井さんちのユキエちゃん)Short story published in 別冊漫画アクション on 16 July 1976, later collected in HIGHWAY STAR.
1976Okasu (犯す)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 9 August 1976, later collected in Short Peace.
1976HIGHWAY STAR (ハイウェイスター)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 1 September 1976, later collected in HIGHWAY STAR.
1976CHUCK CHECK CHICKENShort story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 3 November 1976, later collected in GOOD WEATHER.
1976School-boy on good timeShort story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 3 December 1976, later collected in Short Peace.
1977Yume no Sōkyū (夢の蒼穹)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 7 January 1977, later collected in Short Peace.
1977Space Patrol Sigma (宇宙パトロール・シゲマ)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 1 February 1977, later collected in Short Peace.
1977‘ROUND ABOUT MIDNIGHTShort story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 5th April 1977, later collected in Short Peace.
1977NOTHING WILL BE AS IT WASShort story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 13th May 1977, later collected in Short Peace.
1977WHISKY GO-GOShort story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 14th June 1977, later collected in Short Peace.
1977Seisō (星霜)Short story published in 別冊漫画アクション on 1st July 1977, later collected in HIGHWAY STAR.
1977Suzume ga Chyun (雀が中)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 12th July 1977, later collected in HIGHWAY STAR.
1977Tenmō Nishite Morasazu (天網恢恢疎にして漏らさず)Short story published in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 27th July 1977, later collected in HIGHWAY STAR.
1977Miner SwingShort story published by Futabasha in the August 24th 1977 special issue of Manga Action, that was later reissued as a part of "Kanojo no Omoide..." - a Katsuhiro Otomo short story collection.
1977–1978Sayonara Nippon (さよならにっぽん)Published as five parts in 1977.08.04, 1977.09.08, 1977.10.20, 1978.01.05 and 1978.02.23 issues of Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション), later collected in Sayonara Nippon.
1977GOOD WEATHERPublished in two parts on 21st September and 2nd November of 1977 in Weekly Manga Action (漫画アクション増刊) on 27th July 1977, later collected in GOOD WEATHER.
1979Fire-Ball
1979–1980Ōtomo Katsuhiro no Eiyō Manten!
大友克洋の栄養満点!
1979Seija ga Machi ni Yattekuru
聖者が街にやってくる
Short stories published in Weekly Manga Action (週刊漫画アクション) and later collected in Sayonara Nippon.
1979G...Written by Nobuyuki Shirayama, published in four parts in 1979.08.01, 1979.08.08, 1979.08.15 and 1979.08.22 issues of Young Comic (ヤングコミック).
1979–1983Manjū Kowai (饅頭こわい)
1980–1981Dōmu (童夢)
1980–1981That's Amazing World
1980–1981Kibun wa mō Sensō (気分はもう戦争)Written by Toshihiko Yahagi
1980–1981APPLE PARADISEUnfinished; Episode 1 was published in four parts in summer and autumn of 1980 and winter and March of 1981 issues of Manga Kisōtengai (マンガ奇想天外), Episode 2 was published in three parts in March, June and November of 1981 issues of Manga Kisōtengai.
1982–1990Akira
1984VisitorsShort story published on 1st June 1984, later collected in SOS dai Tôkyô tankentai (SOS 大東京探検隊).
1990The Legend of Mother SarahIllustrated by Takumi Nagayasu
1995Hi no Yōjin (火之要鎮)
1996Batman: Black & White#4 (The Third Mask)Writer, artist
2001Orbital Era
2002Hipira: The Little Vampire (ヒピラくん)Illustrated by Shinji Kimura
2006Park (公園)
2012DJ Teck no Morning Attack
DJ TECK の MORNING ATTACK
2012Kibun wa mō Sensō 3 (Datta Kamo Shirenai)
気分はもう戦争3(だったかも知れない)
Written by Toshihiko Yahagi

Short story collections

[edit]
Year(s)TitleNotes
1979Short Peace (ショート・ピース)Published by Kisō Tengaisha on 10th March 1979. Reissued by Futabasha in 1984 as the third installment in theKatsuhiro Otomo Masterpiece Collection, with the addition of "Yume no Sōkyū" (夢の蒼穹).
1979Highway Star (ハイウェイスター)First short story collection in theKatsuhiro Otomo Masterpiece Collection published on 13th October 1979.
1981GOOD WEATHERPublished on 1st February 1981.
1981Sayonara NipponSecond short story collection in theKatsuhiro Otomo Masterpiece Collection, released in 16th July 1981.
1981Hansel & Gretel (ヘンゼルとグレーテル)Published on 25th October 1981.
1982BOOGIE WOOGIE WALTZPublished on 5th May 1982.
1990Kanojo no Omoide... (彼女の想いで…)Published on 23rd April 1990.
1996SOS! Tokyo Metro Explorers (SOS大東京探検隊)Published on 6th February 1996.

Artbooks

[edit]
YearTitleNotes
1989Kaba
1995Akira Club
2003Akira Animation Archives
2008Viva il Ciclissimo!Collaboration withKatsuya Terada
2012Kaba 2
2012Genga

Filmography

[edit]

Anime features

YearTitleDirectorWriter
1988AkiraYesYes
1991Roujin ZNoYes
2001MetropolisNoYes
2004SteamboyYesYes
TBAOrbital EraYesYes

Anime shorts

YearTitleDirectorWriterExecutive
Producer
Notes
1987Construction Cancellation OrderYesYesNoSegment ofNeo Tokyo
"Opening" and "Ending"YesYesNoSegments ofRobot Carnival
1995Magnetic RoseNoYesYesSegments ofMemories
Stink BombNoYesYes
Cannon FodderYesYesYes
1998Gundam: Mission to the RiseYesYesNo
2013CombustibleYesYesNoSegment ofShort Peace

Live-action

YearTitleDirectorWriterProducerNotes
1979High School Erotopia: Red UniformsNoYesNoPornographic film
1982Jiyū wo Warera ni (じゆうを我等に)YesYesYes
1991World Apartment HorrorYesYesNo
2006MushishiYesYesNo

Additional work

Besides his own animation, Otomo has contributed art designs toHarmagedon: Genma Wars,[48] theCrusher Joe film,[49] the seven-part OVA seriesFreedom Project, andSpace Dandy episode 22.

He also oversaw the composition of theSpriggan animated film[50] and directed the music videoJuku-Hatachi (じゅうくはたち) forAya Nakano.

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Katsuhiro Otomo Receives Japan Medal with Purple Ribbon".Anime News Network. November 1, 2013. RetrievedNovember 1, 2013.
  2. ^"Akira's Katsuhiro Otomo Announces Live-Action Film Plans".Anime News Network. December 14, 2014. RetrievedDecember 14, 2014.
  3. ^"ANIME NEWS: Katsuhiro Otomo inducted into Eisner's Hall of Fame".Asahi Shimbun. August 14, 2012. Archived fromthe original on October 17, 2013. RetrievedOctober 16, 2013.
  4. ^"ANIME NEWS: 'Akira' creator Katsuhiro Otomo honored by government".Asahi Shimbun. November 13, 2013. Archived fromthe original on November 16, 2013. RetrievedNovember 27, 2013.
  5. ^"Annie Awards to honor animator Katsuhiro Otomo for career achievement".Los Angeles Times. January 31, 2014.
  6. ^"Japan's Otomo first manga artist to win top French prize".
  7. ^abcdefghij"Katsuhiro Otomo On Creating 'Akira' And Designing The Coolest Bike In All Of Manga And Anime".Forbes. May 26, 2017. RetrievedSeptember 4, 2021.
  8. ^Brooks, Brad; Tim Pilcher (2005).The Essential Guide to World Comics. London: Collins & Brown. p. 103.ISBN 1-84340-300-5.
  9. ^"Nihon SF Taisho Award Winners List". Science Fiction Writers of Japan. Archived fromthe original on September 19, 2020. RetrievedJanuary 28, 2010.
  10. ^ab"星雲賞リスト".Nihon SF Taikai (in Japanese). RetrievedOctober 15, 2021.
  11. ^"Akira's Katsuhiro Otomo Draws New Kibun wa mō Sensō 1-Shot After 38 Years".Anime News Network. April 12, 2019. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  12. ^ab"Katsuhiro Otomo Draws New Cover for His "A Farewell to Arms" Manga".Crunchyroll. November 5, 2013. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  13. ^MTV spotlights Japanese comics (1990), May 30, 2008,archived from the original on December 11, 2021, retrievedNovember 18, 2019
  14. ^ab"Akira's Otomo Makes "Hi no Yōjin/Combustible" Anime Short".Anime News Network. March 10, 2012. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  15. ^"Otomo's Hipira: The Little Vampire Book Gets TV Anime".Anime News Network. December 10, 2009. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  16. ^"Creator of "Akira" Reveals New Shonen Manga Serialization Plans".Crunchyroll. March 25, 2012. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  17. ^"Giant 'recovery' artwork by 'Akira' creator Otomo unveiled for public".The Asahi Shimbun. February 4, 2015. Archived fromthe original on July 7, 2015. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  18. ^"Akira's Katsuhiro Otomo Working on New Manga".Otaku USA. March 26, 2012. RetrievedNovember 18, 2019.
  19. ^"Akira's Otomo Delays New Manga Series".Anime News Network. November 5, 2012. RetrievedSeptember 4, 2021.
  20. ^"Akira Creator Katsuhiro Otomo Continues Work on New Full-Length Manga".Anime News Network. November 13, 2018. RetrievedSeptember 4, 2021.
  21. ^"Katsuhiro Otomo "The Complete Works" Pre-orders Have Began". November 23, 2021. RetrievedJanuary 9, 2022.
  22. ^"Australia's Siren Visual to Release Otomo's Memories Blu-ray".Anime News Network. November 2, 2014. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  23. ^"Gundam 40th Anniversary Promotional Anime Teased for This Winter".Anime News Network. September 26, 2019. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  24. ^"SOS! Tokyo Metro Explorers Website, Trailer Launched".Anime News Network. November 14, 2007. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  25. ^"New movie from Katsuhiro Otomo and Rin Taro".Anime News Network. July 29, 2000. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  26. ^"Akira's Katsuhiro Otomo Announces Live-Action Film Plans".Anime News Network. December 14, 2014. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  27. ^Shimbun, The Yomiuri."The Japan News".The Japan News. RetrievedNovember 18, 2019.
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  30. ^"Akira's Katsuhiro Otomo Reveals Orbital Era Film With Sunrise".Anime News Network. July 4, 2019. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
  31. ^ab"10 Years of Kodansha Comics—January Spotlight: AKIRA".Kodansha. January 9, 2019. RetrievedSeptember 4, 2021.
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  35. ^"Hisashi Eguchi: "Cute girls have a period of being really invincible."".Sex Magazine. 2013. RetrievedSeptember 4, 2021.
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  37. ^"奥浩哉の「いぬやしき」特集、山本直樹×奥浩哉の師弟対談" (in Japanese).Natalie. January 14, 2014. RetrievedOctober 22, 2021.
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  42. ^"Interview with Satoshi Kon, Director ofPerfect Blue".Perfect Blue official website. September 4, 1998. Archived fromthe original on April 2, 2012. RetrievedSeptember 4, 2021.
  43. ^"Roundtable Interview with Rian Johnson on Looper".We Got This Covered. September 27, 2012. RetrievedSeptember 4, 2021.
  44. ^"80 Artists & Writers Contribute to Katsuhiro Otomo Tribute Book".Anime News Network. December 19, 2016. RetrievedSeptember 5, 2021.
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  46. ^"Good for Health - Bad for Education: A Tribute to Otomo".philippelabaune.com. RetrievedSeptember 5, 2021.
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  48. ^"Buried Garbage - Harmagedon".Anime News Network. January 8, 2009. RetrievedSeptember 6, 2021.
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