Kashipur
Community development block
Location in West Bengal
Coordinates:23°26′00″N86°40′00″E / 23.43333°N 86.66667°E /23.43333; 86.66667
Country	India
State	West Bengal
District	Purulia
Parliamentary constituency	Purulia
Assembly constituency	Kashipur
Area
• Total	451.31 km2 (174.25 sq mi)
Elevation	190 m (620 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	200,083
• Density	443.34/km2 (1,148.2/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Bengali,Santali,English
Time zone	UTC+5.30 (IST)
PIN	723132 (Panchakotraj) 723121 (Adra) 723168 (Manihara)
Telephone/STD code	03251
Vehicle registration	WB-55,WB-56
Literacy Rate	71.06 per cent
Website	http://purulia.gov.in/

Kashipur is acommunity development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in theRaghunathpur subdivision of thePurulia district in theIndianstate ofWest Bengal.

TheJaina Bhagavati-Sutra of the 5th century AD mentions that Purulia was one of the sixteenmahajanapadas and was a part of the kingdom known as Vajra-bhumi in ancient times. In 1833, the Manbhum district was carved out of theJungle Mahals district, with headquarters at Manbazar. In 1838, the headquarters was transferred toPurulia. After independence, when Manbhum district was a part ofBihar, efforts were made to impose Hindi on the Bengali-speaking majority of the district and it led to theBengali Language Movement (Manbhum). In 1956, the Manbhum district was partitioned between Bihar and West Bengal under the States Reorganization Act and the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act 1956.^[1][2]

Kashipur is located at23°26′N86°40′E / 23.43°N 86.67°E /23.43; 86.67.

The Kashipur CD block is bounded by theRaghunathpur I andSanturi CD blocks on the north, theChhatna CD block, in the Bankura district, on the east, theHura CD block on the south and a part of the west, and thePara CD block on the west.^[3]

The Kashipur CD block has an area of 451.31 km². It has 1panchayat samity, 13gram panchayats, 137 gram sansads (village councils), 211mouzas, 98 inhabited villages and 3 census towns.Kashipur andAdra police stations serve this block.^[4] Headquarters of this CD block are atKalloli.^[3]

Gram panchayats in the Kashipur CD block/panchayat samiti are: Agardih-Chitra, Barrah, Beko, Gagnabaid, Gourandih, Hadalda-Upprah, Kalidaha, Kashipur, Monihara, Rangamati-Ranjandih, Simla-Dhanara, Sonajuri and Sonathali.^[5]

According to the2011 Census of India, the Kashipur CD block had a total population of 200,083, of which 174,325 were rural and 25,758 were urban. There were 101,801 (51%) males and 98,282 (49%) females. There were 23,737 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. TheScheduled Castes numbered 57,015 (28.50%) and theScheduled Tribes numbered 49,537 (24.76%).^[6]

According to the 2001 census, the Kashipur block had a total population of 186,980, out of which 95,259 were males and 91,721 were females. The Kashipur CD block registered a population growth of 11.75 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the Purulia district was 13.96 per cent.^[7] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.^[8]

Census towns in the Kashipur CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets):Kantaranguri (5,435),Adra (14,956) andLapara (5,367).^[6]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in the Kashipur CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Palaskola (4,119).^[6]

Other villages in the Kashipur CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets):Kashipur (2,369), Uparra (1,836), Rangamatia (1,316), Barra (2,620), Sonajuri (2,624), Beko (3,149), Gagnabad (2,628), Kalidaha (2,110), Simla (2,530), Dhanera (1,165), Agardi (1,063), Sonathol (1,586), Manihara (3,104) and Gourangadih (2,246).^[6]

According to the 2011 census the total number of literate persons in Kashipur CD block was 125,307 (71.06% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 74,149 (82.83% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 51,128 (58.91%) of the female population over 6 years). Thegender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 23.92%.^[6]

See also –List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 171,510 and formed 85.71% of the population in the Kashipur CD Block. Muslims numbered 10,315 and formed 5.16% of the population. Christians numbered 840 and formed 0.42% of the population. Others numbered 17,418 and formed 8.71% of the population.^[9] Others include ādivāshi, Sạri Dharma, sārnā , Sarin, Kheria,^[10] and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 88.42%, Muslims 4.95%, Christians 0.61% and tribal religions 5.78% of the population respectively.^[11]

At the time of the 2011 census, 72.63% of the population spokeBengali, 20.87%Santali, 3.30%Hindi, 0.99%Urdu and 0.94%Telugu as their first language.^[12]

According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 32.85% of total number of families wereBPL families in Purulia district.^[13] According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 31-38% of the population in Purulia, Murshidabad and Uttar Dinajpur districts were below poverty level, the highest among the districts of West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.^[14]

In the Kashipur CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 15,208 and formed 18.32%, agricultural labourers numbered 36,249 and formed 43.68%, household industry workers numbered 2,463 and formed 2.97% and other workers numbered 29,075 and formed 35.03%.^[15] Total workers numbered 82,995 and formed 41.48% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 117,088 and formed 58.52% of the population.^[16]

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under theFactories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.^[17]

There are 198 inhabited villages in the Kashipur CD block, as per theDistrict Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, 100% villages have power supply. 197 villages (99.49%) have drinking water supply. 38 villages (18.18%) have post offices. 179 villages (90.40%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 85 villages (45.93%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 66 villages (33.33%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 3 villages (1.52%) have agricultural credit societies and 4 villages (2.02%) have banks.^[18]

In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in the Kashipur CD block could be classified as follows:bargadars 0.96%, patta (document) holders 15.97%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 4.74%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 25.96% and agricultural labourers 52.37%.^[19]

In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in the Kashipur CD block was 9,001.30 hectares, out of which 2,367.40 hectares by canal water, 4,435.92 hectares by tank water, 44.68 hectares by river lift irrigation, 228.60 hectares by open dug wells and 1,924.70 hectares by other means.^[19]

In 2013–14, the Kashipur CD block produced 48,385 tonnes ofAman paddy, the main winter crop, from 22,061 hectares, 25 tonnes of Boro paddy from 12 hectares, 25 tonnes of wheat from 17 hectares. It also produced maize, mustard, til and potatoes.^[19]

In 2013–14, the Kashipur CD block had offices of 7 commercial banks and 3gramin banks.^[19]

The Purulia district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from theBackward Regions Grant Fund. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.^[20][21]

v t e Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line incl. Adra–Bokaro Steel City, Purulia–Kotshila & Tatanagar–Badampahar branch lines
Legend
km km to Hatia Bokaro Steel City 78 Steel Authority of India Bokaro Steel Plant to Gomoh Ispat Nagar 62 Bardhaman–Asansol section Chas 54 0 Asansol Junction Bandidih 49 toAsansol–Patna section/ Asansol–Gaya section to Chandrapura │ to Gomoh 5 Burnpur Mahuda Junction 53 IISCO Burnpur sidings to Sudamdih Adra–Asansol line Damodar River to Kalipahari (freight line) 9 Damodar Talgaria 42 IISCO Damodar Steel yard & Radhanagar Colliery sidings Shewbabudih 36 Damodar River to Mahuda ACC Cement factory Siding Sudamdih 32 14 Madhukunda Damodar River 21 Muradi Bhojudih 30 Parbeliya Colliery Sidings Jharkhand West Bengal border over Damodar Chaurashi Goods Siding Bhojudih Coal Washery 26 Ramkanali 31 Bero STPS Siding Santaldih 23 RTPP sidings Damodar River Rukni 15 37 Joychandi Pahar Sanka 7 Gardhrubeswar 48 0│41 Adra Junction to Muri Kharagpur–Bankura –Adra line Kotshila Junction 36 to Gomoh 55 Anara Barbenda 32 61 Bagalia Garh Jaipur 29 69 Kustaur Chas Road 22 73 Charrah Gourinathdham 15 to Chhatna (planned) 0│81 Purulia Kangsabati River 88 Tamna 96 Kantadih 104 Urma 112 Barabhum 117 Biramdih West Bengal Jharkhand border 126 Nimdih Barkakana–Muri–Chandil line 135 Chandil 141 Manikui Bihar Sponge Iron Sidings Subarnarekha River 146 Kunki to Namkom (planned) Amalgam Power & Steel Sidings 149 Kandra Tatanagar–Bilaspur section Birbans 170 154 Birrajpur Tata Sponge Iron Siding 160 Gamharia Junction 166 Adityapur Kharkai River Tatanagar Junction 0│171 TISCO Steel Plant Haludpukur 22 Sidhirsai 34 3 Salgajhari Jharkhand Odisha border Jojobera Power Plant Bahalda Road 42 7 Govindpur Aonlajori Junction 55 14 Asanboni Gorumahisani 64 19 Rakha Mines Rairangpur 65 Subarnarekha River Kuldiha 73 26 Galudih Chhanua 80 36 Ghatsila Badampahar 89 42 Chirugoda 48 Dalbhumgarh 57 Kokpara 66 Chakulia Chakulia-Buramara new line (planned) Purnapani 72 Kanimahuli Borol Jharkhand West Bengal border Baharagora 80 Gidhni Jharkhand Odisha border 88 Khatkura Subarnarekha river 95 Jhargram Jamsola to Bhadutala (planned) Jharpokaria 104 Banstala Rupsa–Bangriposi line 111 Sardiha Buramara 119 Khemasuli 125 Kalaikunda Rupsa–Bangriposi line Kharagpur–Bankura –Adra line Nimpura 127 Nimpura Through Yard Nimpura Goods Yard 131 Girimaidan Hijli 133 Kharagpur–Puri line 134 Kharagpur Junction Howrah–Kharagpur line

v t e Adra–Asansol line
Legend
km   Bardhaman–Asansol section 0 Asansol 5 Burnpur to Barachak IISCOBurnpur sidings Kalipahari freight bypass 9 Damodar Radhanagarcolliery siding to Sitarampur (planned) IISCO Damodar yard Damodar River ACCcement factory siding 14 Madhukunda 21 Muradi Parbeliacolliery siding Chaurashi Goods siding 26 Ramkanali 31 Bero RTPP sidings 37 Joychandi Pahar Adra–Gomoh line Asansol–Tatanagar line 41 Adra Adra–Kharagpur line km Source: Indian Railway Time Table

v t e Kharagpur–Bankura–Adra line
Legend
km   toGomoh &Bokaro Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line toTatanagar │ toAsansol Junction 0 Adra Junction 8 Metyal Sahar 14 Indrabil 21 Sirjam 30 Jhantipahari to Purulia (planned) Hura Kalabati 39 Chhatna 42 Anchuri 53 Bankura Junction Bankura–Masagram line Chhatna-Mukutmanipur new line (planned) Madhuban Indpur New Bheduasol Supur Dwarakeswar River 60 Bheduasole 64 Kalisen 69 Ondagram 78 Ramsagar 83 Bishnupur Sheoraphuli–Bishnupur branch line Uparsol Khatra Mukutmanipur Jhilmili 96 Piardoba 104 Bogri Road Shilabati River 108 Garbeta 120 Chandrakona Road 132 Salboni BRBNMPL Siding JSW Cement Plant Siding 144 Godapiasal Konark Cement Plant Siding 149 Jangalmahal Bhadutala Lalgarh Bhadutala-Jhargram new line (planned) 156 Midnapore Kangsabati River 159 Cossye Halt Tata Metaliks Siding 162 Gokulpur 166 Girimaidan Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line Kharagpur–Puri line 169 Kharagpur Junction Howrah–Kharagpur line
Sources:[22][23][24][25]

In 2013–14, the Kashipur CD block had 5 originating/ terminating bus routes.^[19]

TheAsansol-Adra line of the South Eastern Railway terminates in this CD block at a major junction station at theAdra with connections to Kharagpur, Purulia and Gomoh.^[26]

TheKharagpur-Bankura-Adra line of the South Eastern Railway terminates at Adra.^[27]

In 2013–14, the Kashipur CD block had 231 primary schools with 19,104 students, 40 middle schools with 2,203 students, 8 high schools with 4,991 students and 17 higher secondary schools with 17,986 students. Kashipur CD block had 1 general college with 1,521 students and 587 institutions with 9,197 students for special and non-formal education.^[19]

See also –Education in India

According to the 2011 census, in Kashipur CD block, amongst the 198 inhabited villages, 9 villages did not have a school, 46 villages had two or more primary schools, 35 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 20 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.^[28]

Kashipur Michael Madhusudhan Mahavidyalaya was established in 2000 atKashipur.^[29]

In 2014, the Kashipur CD block had 1 block primary health centre, 4 primary health centres and 1 central government medical facility, with total 256 beds and 13 doctors. 9,970 patients were treated indoor and 296,525 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.^[19]

Kolloli Rural Hospital, with 30 beds atPanchakot Raj, is the major government medical facility in the Kashipur CD block. There areprimary health centres at Talajuri (PO Gorangdih) (with 10 beds), Kroshjuri (with 10 beds), Agardih (with 2 beds) andKantaranguri (PO Beko) (with 6 beds). South Eastern Railway Hospital atAdra functions with 222 beds.^[30][31][32]

• Community development blocks in Purulia district

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