 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Kashima, Ibaraki" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(December 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Kashima 鹿嶋市 | |
|---|---|
 Kashima city hall | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location of Kashima in Ibaraki Prefecture | |
  Kashima | |
| Coordinates:35°57′56.3″N140°38′41.4″E / 35.965639°N 140.644833°E /35.965639; 140.644833 | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Kantō |
| Prefecture | Ibaraki |
| First official recorded | 660 BC |
| Town settled | April 1, 1889 |
| City settled | September 1, 1995 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Shinichi Taguchi (from April 2022) |
| Area | |
• Total | 106.02 km2 (40.93 sq mi) |
| Population (July 2022) | |
• Total | 66,098 |
| • Density | 623.45/km2 (1,614.7/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
| Phone number | 0299-82-2911 |
| Address | 1187-1 Hirai, Kashima-shi, Ibaraki-ken 314-8655 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | Official website |
| Symbols | |
| Bird | Green pheasant |
| Flower | Rosa rugosa |
| Tree | Pine |
Kashima (鹿嶋市,Kashima-shi) is acity located inIbaraki Prefecture,Japan. As of 1 July 2020[update], the city had an estimatedpopulation of 67,197 in 28,873 households and apopulation density of 634 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 31.5%.[1] The total area of the city is 106.02 square kilometres (40.93 sq mi). Kashima is the home of theJ. League'sKashima Antlers. Its home field,Kashima Soccer Stadium, was used as a site during the2002 FIFA World Cup. The city is also the site of theKashima Shrine, one of the oldestShinto shrines in eastern Japan, and considered the birthplace of many influential styles of Japanese swordsmanship (Kenjutsu).[2][3]
Kashima is located in southeastern Ibaraki Prefecture, bordered by thePacific Ocean to the east andLake Kitaura (Lake Kasumigaura) to the west, with a width of less than 10 kilometers from east-to-west. It is approximately 110 kilometers to the northeast of Tokyo.[3]
Ibaraki Prefecture
Kashima has aHumid continental climate (KöppenCfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kashima is 15.0 °C (59.0 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,581.9 mm (62.28 in) with October as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.6 °C (78.1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 4.7 °C (40.5 °F).[4]
| Climate data for Kashima (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.3 (66.7) | 23.6 (74.5) | 24.3 (75.7) | 29.4 (84.9) | 32.6 (90.7) | 33.6 (92.5) | 36.6 (97.9) | 36.1 (97.0) | 36.4 (97.5) | 32.8 (91.0) | 25.6 (78.1) | 23.8 (74.8) | 36.6 (97.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) | 9.9 (49.8) | 12.8 (55.0) | 17.5 (63.5) | 21.7 (71.1) | 24.2 (75.6) | 28.3 (82.9) | 29.9 (85.8) | 26.3 (79.3) | 21.3 (70.3) | 16.6 (61.9) | 11.8 (53.2) | 19.1 (66.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) | 5.4 (41.7) | 8.5 (47.3) | 13.1 (55.6) | 17.3 (63.1) | 20.3 (68.5) | 24.1 (75.4) | 25.6 (78.1) | 22.7 (72.9) | 17.9 (64.2) | 12.5 (54.5) | 7.2 (45.0) | 14.9 (58.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.3 (32.5) | 1.0 (33.8) | 4.2 (39.6) | 9.0 (48.2) | 13.6 (56.5) | 17.3 (63.1) | 21.0 (69.8) | 22.7 (72.9) | 19.9 (67.8) | 14.7 (58.5) | 8.5 (47.3) | 2.9 (37.2) | 11.3 (52.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −5.8 (21.6) | −6.0 (21.2) | −3.7 (25.3) | −0.7 (30.7) | 5.1 (41.2) | 9.8 (49.6) | 13.8 (56.8) | 15.8 (60.4) | 10.5 (50.9) | 4.7 (40.5) | 0.7 (33.3) | −3.8 (25.2) | −6.0 (21.2) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 88.2 (3.47) | 72.1 (2.84) | 129.8 (5.11) | 123.3 (4.85) | 132.7 (5.22) | 145.4 (5.72) | 134.8 (5.31) | 102.3 (4.03) | 210.9 (8.30) | 273.7 (10.78) | 105.8 (4.17) | 66.6 (2.62) | 1,581.9 (62.28) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.7 | 7.3 | 11.2 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 11.6 | 10.1 | 7.3 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 8.5 | 6.7 | 114 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 189.5 | 173.3 | 176.6 | 187.4 | 184.2 | 140.1 | 165.9 | 204.3 | 149.5 | 136.8 | 145.2 | 168.1 | 2,020.8 |
| Source:Japan Meteorological Agency[5][4] | |||||||||||||
Per Japanese census data,[6] the population of Kashima has recently plateaued after a long period of growth.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 18,922 | — |
| 1930 | 20,284 | +7.2% |
| 1940 | 21,701 | +7.0% |
| 1950 | 27,481 | +26.6% |
| 1960 | 26,811 | −2.4% |
| 1970 | 34,700 | +29.4% |
| 1980 | 51,355 | +48.0% |
| 1990 | 59,092 | +15.1% |
| 2000 | 62,287 | +5.4% |
| 2010 | 66,093 | +6.1% |
| 2020 | 66,950 | +1.3% |
Kashima was developed from theNara period together with theichinomiya ofHitachi Province,Kashima Shrine. After theMeiji Restoration, the town of Kashima was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889 within Kashima District. In 1954, Kashima annexed with the neighboring villages of Takamatsu, Toyosu, Toyosato and Namino. Kashima merged with the village of Ono on September 1, 1995 and was elevated to city status.[7]
Kashima has amayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and aunicameral city council of 20 members. Kashima contributes one member to the Ibaraki Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part ofIbaraki 2nd district of thelower house of theDiet of Japan.[8][9][10]
Kashima is the central city of the Kashima Industrial Zone, and it has a largeindustrial park with about 1500 factories, especiallypetrochemical andsteel plants. The Japanese government created this zone in 1963, and the development was mostly completed in 1973. Agriculture andcommercial fishing also play a part in the local economy.[11][12]
Kashima has 12 public elementary schools and five public middle schools operated by the city government, and one public high school operated by the Ibaraki Prefectural Board of Education. There are also one private middle school and two private high schools.[13]
Kashima Antlers is the localJ. League football club.[14]
-Kashima Rinkai RailwayŌarai Kashima Line
Seogwipo,Jeju Province,Republic of Korea, since November 2003[15]
Yancheng,Jiangsu Province,China, since November 2008[16]
| Core city |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Special city | ||
| Cities | ||
| Districts | ||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
| Academics | |
| Other | |
.svg){kind=logo}
