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Yawsep Kariattil | |
|---|---|
| Metropolitan Archbishop of Kodungallūr | |
 Metropolitan and Gate of All India Mar Joseph Kariyatti | |
| Native name | Kuriap |
| Church | Chaldean Syrian Catholics |
| Archdiocese | Kodungallūr |
| Appointed | 16 December 1782 |
| Term ended | 10 September 1786 |
| Predecessor | Parambil Mar Chandy as the head of the Syro-Malabar Church |
| Successor |
|
| Other post | Apostolic Missionary from Urban university Rome |
| Previous post | East Syriac Aramaic Malpan of Alangad Malpanate. |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 25 March 1766 |
| Consecration | 17 February 1783 |
| Rank | Metropolitan Archbishop |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Yawsep 5 May 1742 Alangad (Kerala, India) |
| Died | 10 September 1786(1786-09-10) (aged 44) |
| Buried | St. Mary's Syro-Malabar Church,Alangad |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Parents | Pailey and Mariam |
| Education | Doctorates in Philosophy, Theology and Canon Law. |
| Alma mater | Pontifical Urban University, Rome |
Kariyattil Mar Yawsep, variantly spelled asJoseph Kariattil,José Cariatti,Ousep Kariatti, (5 May 1742 – 10 September 1786) was the first native Indian to be appointed asMetropolitan of Kodungalloor (Cranganore) forChaldean Syrian Catholics in the territory now comprisingKerala, India.[1]
Kariattil was born on 5 May 1742, inAlangad, Kerala. He began his religious education at the local seminary in Alangad before being sent to thePontifical Urban University, inRome in 1755. At the age of 13, he pursued advanced studies inphilosophy,theology, andcanon law. He was ordained a priest in Rome and earned doctoral degrees in these disciplines, becoming one of the first Indian nationals to achieve this distinction in the 18th century.[2]
Kariattil returned to India in 1766, where he was appointed as a Malpan (religious instructor) at the Alangad Seminary. He was known for his efforts to reconcile the divisions within theSaint Thomas Christian community, which had split following theCoonan Cross Oath. Working closely with prominent lay leader Thachil Mathu Tharakan, Kariattil supported the efforts of Francis De Sales, the Apostolic Vicar ofVarapuzha, to settle in Alangad Church in 1776.[citation needed]
In 1777, Kariattil traveled toSt. Mary's Church,Niranam to meet withMar Thoma VI, the leader of thePuthenkoor (Jacobite) faction, to discuss potential reunification with the Pazhankoor (Catholic) faction. His mission for unity was not fully embraced by all, as thePadroado missionaries opposed the reunification of the Nasranis (Saint Thomas Christians), and Propaganda missionaries did not actively promote it either.[citation needed]
In 1778, Kariattil embarked on a significant journey to Rome withParemmakkal Thoma Kathanar to present the issue of unification to church authorities. During this journey, he also met QueenMaria I of Portugal, the royal patron of the Padroado. Impressed by his humility, intellect, and religious dedication, the Queen appointed Kariattil as the Archbishop of Kodungalloor (Cranganore) on 16 July 1782, inLisbon. He was consecrated as the Archbishop on 17 February 1783, at the São Bento Monastery Church in Lisbon.
Pope Pius VI later confirmed his appointment, making Kariattil the first native Indian Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Kodungalloor. He also received thepallium, a symbol of his office as Metropolitan Archbishop, from the Pope on 17 March 1783. Kariattil was given full authority to pursue the unification of the Saint Thomas Christians, including the Puthenkoor faction led by Mar Thoma VI.[2]
Kariattil Mar Iousep died on 10 September 1786, inGoa while en route back to India. His initial burial took place in Goa, but in 1961, his remains were transferred to St. Mary's Syro-Malabar Catholic Church in Alangad.[2]
Kariattil authored two notable works:Vedatharkkam (Dialectics on Theology) in 1768 andNoticias do Reino do Malabar in 1780. Additionally, he issued an official letter as Archbishop on July 16, 1783.[3]
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