Native name:
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|---|---|
 Interactive map of Kangean Archipelago | |
 Interactive map of Kangean Islands | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Lesser Sunda Islands |
| Archipelago | Kangean Archipelago |
| Administration | |
| Province | East Java |
| Regional capital | Arjasa |
| Demographics | |
| Languages |
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| Ethnic groups | |
| Additional information | |
| Time zone | |
| Motto:Habigi Kabecekan Nokolagen Manyak Kamaslahatan (Kangean)"One Kindness Attracts More Benefit" | |
TheKangean Islands, also known as theKangean Archipelago (Kangean:Kapoloan Kangayan) are thegroup of islands within theLesser Sunda Islands complex ofIndonesian Archipelago located in the northernBali Sea.[1] It comprises a total of 118 islands (27 inhabited islands), with theKangean Island as the main and biggest island in the region.
The name of "Kangean" isetymologically derived from the "kangayan" term inKangeanese, which refers to the sociocultural community of "scion" (a descendant of notable family). Another theory has suggested that "kangayan" could possibly mean "breed" due to historical inter-marriage between the indigenous people of the Kangean Archipelago and those ofSulawesi (mainlyBugis andMangkasara’). This could also refer to theBekisar, a well-known chicken breed originating from Kangean island which was bred initially by the Kangean people. The wordkangayan could possibly relate to the hypotheticalreconstructedproto-Austronesian word of*aŋay, which means "departure", "rendezvous", etc.
In Kangeanese literature, the word "kangayan" was used throughout theMiddle Ages to describe the Kangean island in general, and it still continues to be used to describe theancentral homeland region of Kangean people in the central to eastern part of Kangean island, known as the Kangayan district.
During the era ofDutch colonization of Indonesia, the islands of "Kangean" also were identified as Kangayang, Tangayang, or Kangeang.
The largest island, at about 490 km², isKangean Island. Other islands include Paliat, Sepanjang, and several smaller islands. The towns ofArjasa and Kalikatak, both on Kangean Island, are the area's largest population centres.The Kangean islands have strong historic and ethnic ties withMadura,Bali,West Nusa Tenggara,Sumbawa,South Borneo, and alsoSouth Sulawesi.The majority religion at Kangean isIslam.
The highest elevation point on the islands is in the northeast at 1,192 feet (364 m.), while overall the islands are low in elevation.[1] The weather tends to rain regularly.
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Saltwater crocodiles are reported to be present within the island's coastal mangroves.[citation needed]
They are administered as three districts (kecamatan) ofSumenep Regency - Arjasa, Kangayan, and Sapêken. Arjasa District forms the west part of the main island, Kangayan District forms the east part of that island, and Sapêken District comprises a number of separate islands to the east and southeast of Kangean, of which Paliat and Sepanjang are the largest. Together, their population was 108,264 in the 2000 census, increasing to 123,367 in the 2010 count[2] and to 161,056 at the 2020 Census.[3]
TheKangeanese (Kangeanese:Oréng Kangéan,Indonesian:Orang Kangean orSuku Kangean) are anAustronesianethnic group native to theIndonesian island ofKangean and its surroundingislands.[4] The Kangeanese population live mostly on the Kangean Islands, making upc.90% of the island group's population of 161,056.[3]
TheKangean language is mainly spoken in Kangean areas.
Since 1993 the islands have been the site of substantialnatural gas mining. The natural gas fields were first discovered and developed by the United States corporationARCO, which became a subsidiary ofBP in 2000. In mid-2004, BP sold its Kangean holdings to an Indonesian corporation, PT Energi Mega Persada. The islands are connected to East Java via a 430 kmpipeline,[5] most of which runs underwater.
Other economic activities on the islands includeteak,coconut, andsalt production.[1]
In 2014, the local government agreed to reactivate an old airstrip on Kangean Island. The airstrip is 1,000 meters long and 30 meters wide.[6]
