 | This article has multiple issues. Please helpimprove it or discuss these issues on thetalk page.(Learn how and when to remove these messages) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
|
Kalyani | |
|---|---|
City | |
 | |
  Kalyani Location in West Bengal, India Show map of West Bengal Kalyani Kalyani (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:22°58′30″N88°26′04″E / 22.97500°N 88.43444°E /22.97500; 88.43444 | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  West Bengal |
| Division | Presidency |
| Subdivision | Kalyani |
| District | Nadia |
| Foundation stone laid | 24 February 1951 |
| Founded by | Bidhan Chandra Roy |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality & BDO |
| • Body | Kalyani Municipality & Kalyani BDO |
| • MLA | Ambika Roy |
| • MP | Shantanu Thakur |
| Area | |
• Total | 29.21 km2 (11.28 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 11 m (36 ft) |
| Population (2011)[2] | |
• Total | 100,620 |
| • Density | 3,445/km2 (8,922/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali[3][4] |
| • Additional official | English[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 741235, 741245, 741234, 741250, 741251 |
| Telephone code | +91 33 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-WB |
| Vehicle registration | WB-90 & WB-89 |
| Sex ratio | 978♂/♀ |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Bangaon |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Kalyani |
| Website | www |
Kalyani is a city and a municipality & BDO in theNadia district of theIndian state ofWest Bengal. It is the headquarters ofKalyani subdivision and part of thePresidency division. Kalyani is a part of the area covered by theKolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).[5]
Kalyani, located in Nadia district in the state of West Bengal, is a relatively young town. During theSecond World War, Kalyani, was the site of anAmerican military airbase, formed out of 21 villages in the district of Nadia.[6]
The military garrison town was named after the then-sittingPresident of the United StatesFranklin D. Roosevelt as "Roosevelt Town" or "RooseveltNagar", with "nagar" meaning "town" in manyIndo-Aryan languages, includingBengali. Hangars and other reminders of the airfield are still visible in the 'A' Block and some areas around Kalyani University, whose buildings were built on or over the runways.[6] AfterWorld War II, theUnited States Army Air Force left the base, and the airfield and hangars went into disuse.
The development of modern Kalyani is credited to the formerChief Minister of West Bengal,Bidhan Chandra Roy. After theindependence of India in 1947, the master plan of the town was developed and the foundation stone for the town was laid by the then Governor of West Bengal,Kailashnath Katju, on 24 February 1951.[6] The town was built quickly in order to host the 59thIndian National Congress meeting in 1954. In memoriam of that conference, a road of the town was named as 'Congress Road'. In 1957, the Kalyani police station was formed, and in 1979, the rail line was extended fromKalyani Central toKalyani Simanta station, and also established direct connectivity to Kolkata through Kalyani Simanta local EMU trains.[6]
In 1995, the Kalyani Municipality was established, which has been crucial in the development of infrastructure in Kalyani.[6] In 2014, Kalyani was selected as a candidate for a "Smart City" project. Although this project has since been abandoned by the State Government.
Kalyani is located in theNadia district ofWest Bengal, within theKolkata metropolitan area. Kalyani lies along the east bank of theHooghly River, within the upperGanges Delta. As with most of theIndo-Gangetic Plain, the soil and water are predominantlyalluvial in origin. Kalyani is located over the "Bengal basin", a pericratonic tertiary basin.[7] According to theBureau of Indian Standards, on a scale ranging fromI to V in order of increasing susceptibility to earthquakes, the city lies insideseismic zone III;[8] according to aUnited Nations Development Programme report, its wind and cyclone zone is "very high damage risk".[8]
Kalyani is a planned city, having underground drainage systems, tree-lined avenues, community parks, paved roads intersecting each other at 90-degree angle. The city itself is divided into four blocks — Block A, Block B, Block C and Block D, which are further divided into sub-blocks. Block A and B are mostly residential in character with commercial markets. Main Post Office, Industrial Training Institute, Government offices and the Public Library along with offices of major Banks are situated in Block B. Whereas the Kalyani main station, State General Hospital, Medical college are situated in A Block. Block C and Block D are located to the north of Kalyani Simanta branch line. Block C is reserved for institutional use and is largely occupied by theKalyani University andKalyani Government Engineering College. Block D is the industrial zone, consisting of many small and medium-sized industries.
In June 2015, the Government of West Bengal declared establishment of an "Analytics City" nameSamriddhi in Kalyani, besides Uditi Government Housing Project which was projected to attract investments of more than Rs 3,000 crore in next three years.[9] In the first phase, being developed over 52 acres off Kalyani Expressway, the hub will accommodate academic, residential and commercial centers apart from real estate projects.[9]
New Kalyani Block consists of 7 Gram Panchayats:Saguna, Madanpur - 1, Madanpur - 2, Chanduria - 2, Simurali,Kanchrapara, and Sarati.
Kalyani police station under Ranaghat Police District has jurisdiction over Kalyani,Gayespur municipal towns andSaguna Panchayat areas.[10][11] The total area covered by the police station is 64 km2 and the population covered is 201,871 (2001 census).[12]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 4,616 | — |
| 1971 | 18,310 | +296.7% |
| 1981 | 39,257 | +114.4% |
| 1991 | 57,648 | +46.8% |
| 2001 | 85,503 | +48.3% |
| 2011 | 100,575 | +17.6% |
| Source:Government of India[13] | ||
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hindus | 97.80% | |||
| Muslims | 0.76% | |||
| Christians | 0.21% | |||
| Buddhists | 0.07% | |||
| Sikhs | 0.06% | |||
| Jains | 0.01% | |||
| Others† | 1.09% | |||
| †includes irreligious and religion not stated (~0.5%). | ||||
As of2011 Census of India, Kalyani has a population of 100,620.[2] Males constitute 50.55% of the population and females 49%. Kalyani has an average literacy rate of 88.75%, higher than the national average of 69.5%: male literacy is 92.79%, and female literacy is 84.65%.[2] In Kalyani, 7.55% of the population is under 6 years of age. The sex ratio of Kalyani is 978.[2] As per 2001 Census, the average household size of Kalyani is approximately 4.61. Percentage of main workers out of total population is 29%.[14]
The town is within theBongaon Lok Sabha Constituency and elects one member to theLok Sabha (theLower House of theIndian Parliament). The town area is covered by one assembly constituency,Kalyani that elects one member to theVidhan Sabha, which is theWest Bengal state legislative assembly.[16] Kalyani town comes under the jurisdiction of the district police (which is a part of thestate police); theSuperintendent of Police oversees the town's security and matters pertaining to law and order. Kalyani is also the seat of the Subdivisional Court.
Kalyani quickly registered itself as a self-sufficient township. Its gradual development continued as a notified area. In 1995, it was upgraded to a municipality.[17]
Kalyani railway station is on theSealdah-Ranaghat Line of theKolkata Suburban Railway. Apart from Kalyani main station, there are three different stations on the branch line which goes deeper into the Kalyani town —Kalyani Silpanchal,Kalyani Ghoshpara andKalyani Simanta. Bandel Junction railway station is 12 kilometres from the city.Other railway stations which are near about 10 Kilometres from the city can also be accessed via the Iswar Gupta Bridge over Hooghly River. They are Adisaptagram Railway Station, Magra Railway Station on the Howrah - Barddhaman Main Line ; Tribeni and Bansbaria Railway Station on the Bandel- Katwa Line.
Kalyani is connected directly with Kolkata throughKalyani Expressway, which is currently being expanded to four-lanes. An extension of Kalyani Expressway connects theNational Highway 2 nearBansberia throughIswar Gupta Setu.Kalyani is connected directly to Magra and Tribeni Railway Stations via Public Transport and also from Bandel Junction Railway Station by Private Auto and Personal Vehicles. Kalyani is also accessible throughNational Highway 12, which is around 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away. Rickshaws, E- rickshaw and Auto-rickshaws are used for local conveyance. Intra-city buses to important cities and towns in West Bengal, including Kolkata andSiliguri are operated by both Government and private operators.Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport, located around 45 kilometres (28 mi) south, operates domestic and international flights.
Kalyani's schools are run by the state government or private institution.Bengali and English are the primary languages of instruction.[18] Schools in Kalyani follow the"10+2+3" plan. After completing their secondary education, students typically enroll in schools that have a higher secondary facility and are affiliated with theWest Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education, theICSE, or theCBSE.[18] They usually choose a focus on liberal arts, business, or science. Vocational programs are also available.[18] Among the schools in Kalyani whose mode of instruction is English includeJulien Day School,Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Springdale High School,Garden High School, IISER Kolkata Campus (inMohanpur); whileKalyani University Experimental High School andPannalal Institution and a lot of other schools instructs in Bengali.
Kalyani has two universities —University of Kalyani andBidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV; near Mohanpur), four central institutes of higher importance –Indian Institute of Information Technology, Kalyani,AIIMS Kalyani, BRIC-NIBMG, three engineering colleges –Ideal Institute of Engineering,JIS College of Engineering andKalyani Government Engineering College. There are 11 colleges out of which there are 2 universities and 3 research centers, one medical college –College of Medicine & JNM Hospital and other institutes of higher education and research, includingNational Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Eastern Regional Station ofNational Dairy Research Institute.Kalyani Mahavidyalaya – a general degree college underUniversity of Kalyani andSnahanshu Kanta Acharya Institute of Law are among the other institutes of higher education.
The main campus of theIndian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata (IISER-K) is located close to Kalyani, in Mohanpur. The main campus of BCKV, University college ofWest Bengal University of Technology is also located at Mohanpur near Kalyani. Clinical training of the students ofWest Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences are imparted at Mohanpur campus.[citation needed]
Healthcare system in Kalyani consists of both government and private healthcare facilities. The Army hospital established during WWII by the American and British alliance was the first hospital in Kalyani. Later former Chief Minister of West BengalDr B C Roy converted it into a hospital fortuberculosis patients in the 1960s, currently known as Netaji Subhash Sanatorium. Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Hospital, a 500-bed hospital, is one of the major hospitals in the town. A medical college,College of Medicine & JNM Hospital, established in 2009, which acts as theUniversity college ofWest Bengal University of Health Sciences.[19] Gandhi Memorial Hospital has a dedicated cardiac surgery and cardiology department.[20] ESI Hospital provides healthcare to workers underEmployees' State Insurance MB Scheme. There is also a branch ofNational Institute of Homoeopathy with 25 acres herb garden which was established in 1975.[citation needed]
In June 2014, the central government gave in-principle clearance for setting upAll India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani at Basantapur village in theSaguna Panchayat in Kalyani.[21] This project was shifted from earlier plans of setting up the AIIMS atRaiganj because of problems in land acquisition. The project was completed in 2019.[22]
Bengal Cricket Academy Ground, a cricket ground, hosts national level and club level cricket matches. It is also the home ground ofBengal cricket team.Kalyani Stadium hosts national level football matches. TheKolkata clubsMohun Bagan,East Bengal FC,Mohammedan S.C. andUnited SC use Kalyani Stadium as their home ground in some national level matches. A swimming pool and well-equipped gymnasium are also attached with the stadium.
Media related toKalyani at Wikimedia Commons
Kalyani, West Bengal travel guide from Wikivoyage| Kolkata Municipal Corporation |
|
|---|---|
| Kolkata Urban Agglomeration Outside KMC |
|
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
