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Kalyan | |
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  Kalyan Location in Maharashtra, India Show map of Maharashtra Kalyan Kalyan (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:19°14′N73°08′E / 19.24°N 73.13°E /19.24; 73.13 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Maharashtra |
| District | Thane |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal Corporation |
| • Body | Kalyan-Dombivali Municipal Corporation |
| • Mayor | Vinita Rane (Shiv Sena) |
| • Municipal Commissioner | Dr. Indurani Jakhar |
| • Deputy Mayor | Moreshwar Bhoir (Bharatiya Janata Party) |
| Area | |
• Total | 137.15 km2 (52.95 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 8.84 m (29.00 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 1,246,381 (withDombivli) |
| • Rank | 29th |
| Demonym | Kalyankar |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Marathi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN CODE | 421301(Kalyan (West)) 421304 (Kalyan (S.O.)) 421306 (Kalyan (East)) |
| Vehicle registration | MH-05 |
| Sex ratio | 917 females/1000 males♂/♀ |
| Literacy Rate | 93.06% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Kalyan which covers Kalyan East & Kalyan Rural Vidhansabha Constituencies , Bhiwandi Loksabha Constituency which covers Kalyan West Vidhansabha Constituency |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Kalyan East, Kalyan West, Kalyan Rural |
| Civic agency | Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation |
Kalyan (Pronunciation:[kəljaːɳ]) is a city on the banks ofUlhas River inThane district ofMaharashtra state inKonkan division. It is governed byKalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation. Kalyan is a subdivision (Taluka) ofThane district. Kalyan and its neighbouring township ofDombivli jointly formKalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation, abbreviated as KDMC. It is a founding city of theMumbai Metropolitan Region. Kalyan is the 7th biggest city in Maharashtra and 29th in India. Kalyan also serves as a major railway station for the trains bound to Mumbai and is a large junction separating two routes, one going Karjat and other Kasara.
In Colonial India, theBritish Raj called the cityKallian,Cullian, orCalliannee. The cast iron mileposts that existed in and around Kalyan had the spelling Callian as the name for the town and were installed during the colonial times.
The city of Kalyan was surrounded by a fort wall, the construction of which began duringShah Jahan's reign and was completed duringAurangzeb's reign in 1694 A.D. This city wall, which ran 2123 yards and was guarded by 4 gates and 11 towers. The fort wall enclosed an area of 70 acres and on a high mound near the Kalyan creek, where the current Ganesh ghat stands, was a fort as early as 1570.
The wall of the fort along the top of the inner bank of the ditch, and, near the north end, had a gateway known as the Delhi or Killyacha Darwaja.[citation needed]
Under theMarathas (1760–72), a new gate about 150 feet (46 m) to the south of the Ganesh gate was opened near the mansion of Ramji Mahadeo Biwalkar, the Peshwa's Governor. In the citadel of the fort Marathas built a small wooden temple of Durgadevi behind the mosque, and called the fort Durgadi Killain after the Hindu goddess Durga. The fort measures 220 feet (67 m) in length and somewhat less in breadth. Under the English rule, the fort wall was dismantled and stones carried away to build the Kalyan and Thane piers and a dwelling for the customs inspector in the west of the Kalyan fort. The gate to the north-west is almost the only trace of the fort wall, which is of rough stone masonry. During 1876 the original idol of Durga was stolen.[1]
The majority of Kalyan citizens areHindus andMuslim.[2]
Kalyan is characterized by koppen classification Aw (tropical monsoon) with high rainfall during monsoon season and dry season year around. Because of Kalyan's proximity to the sea, it experiences greater diurnal temperature variations especially during winter when on some days the average high would reach 34°C with average lows near 14-15°C. Kalyan's humidity is also lower than Mumbai during winter season and pre summer (March-April) Though it has seen high dew points, particularly in the month of May with near to 30°C dew points. Kalyan receives heavy rainfall during June-September.
| Climate data for Kalyan | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.3 (84.7) | 33.7 (92.7) | 34.6 (94.3) | 35.7 (96.3) | 34.7 (94.5) | 31.9 (89.4) | 29.8 (85.6) | 29.3 (84.7) | 30.1 (86.2) | 32.9 (91.2) | 33.4 (92.1) | 32.0 (89.6) | 32.3 (90.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.6 (58.3) | 16.3 (61.3) | 19.6 (67.3) | 25.7 (78.3) | 26.1 (79.0) | 25.8 (78.4) | 24.8 (76.6) | 24.5 (76.1) | 24.0 (75.2) | 23.1 (73.6) | 20.5 (68.9) | 18.2 (64.8) | 21.9 (71.5) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 2.3 (0.09) | 1.0 (0.04) | 0.8 (0.03) | 1.8 (0.07) | 13.5 (0.53) | 432.6 (17.03) | 946.1 (37.25) | 553.3 (21.78) | 294.1 (11.58) | 87.1 (3.43) | 20.6 (0.81) | 2.1 (0.08) | 2,355.3 (92.72) |
| Source:Government of Maharashtra | |||||||||||||
Trains, buses and auto-rickshaws are the important modes of transport in and around Kalyan. 200,000 Kalyan citizens travel daily by local trains.[3]
Kalyan Junction railway station is on the railway line between Mumbai andKarjat/Kasara. Kalyan has access to four railway stations on the Central line -Thakurli Station,Vitthalwadi,Shahad Station andKalyan Junction. Kalyan Junction serves as an important railway station for the people in and aroundMumbai.[4]
With a population of more than 700,000, Kalyan is a part of theKalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation established in 1983, with municipalities of Kalyan, Dombivli,Ambernath and 81 other villages. It was then one of the largest urban local bodies inMumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) and in the state, with an area around 209 km2 (81 sq mi). The government of Maharashtra has decided to delete major area of the corporation limits on different occasions.[clarification needed] Presently the total area of the corporation has remained, and measures about 67 km2 (26 sq mi).
KDMC is a municipal corporation in Thane district of Maharashtra State, India. The municipal corporation was formed in 1983 to administer the twin townships of Kalyan and Dombivli. The municipal corporation has a population 15,18,762 citizens as per the 2011 census.Due to its highly educated population it is often called the second cultural capital of Maharashtra after Pune. Kalyan was once famous as a port in ancient times. Records of its existence as a premier port in the region have been found in ancient Greek manuscripts.
The corporation is governed by Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporation Act 1949. The following authorities are given charge to implement the provisions of the act:
Both the cities are divided into 122 wards. Municipal Corporation consists of Councillors elected directly at Ward Elections. The number and boundaries of the Wards into which the city is divided is specified by the State Election Commissioner.There are five Councillors nominated by the corporation. As per the provisions of the Act, the total number of Councillors is 121.The Corporation elects one of its members as the Mayor and another to be the Deputy Mayor.[5]
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