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Kakhovka Каховка | |
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_Str._6_Former_Girls%2527_Gymnasium_Building_(YDS_2566).jpg) | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Kakhovka Location of Kakhovka Show map of Kherson Oblast Kakhovka Kakhovka (Ukraine) Show map of Ukraine | |
| Coordinates:46°47′52″N33°28′30″E / 46.79778°N 33.47500°E /46.79778; 33.47500 | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Kherson Oblast |
| Raion | Kakhovka Raion |
| Hromada | Kakhovka urban hromada |
| Founded | 1492 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Pavlo Filipchuk [uk] (Russian-appointed)[1] |
| Population (2022) | |
• Total |  34,749 |
| Postal code | 74800 |
| Area code | +380 5536 |
| Climate | Dfa |
| Website | http://www.kakhovka.ks.ua |
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Kakhovka (Ukrainian:Каховка,pronounced[kɐˈxɔu̯kɐ]) is aportcity on theDnieper River inKakhovka Raion,Kherson Oblast, of southernUkraine. It hosts the administration of theKakhovka urban hromada, one of thehromadas of Ukraine.[2] It had a population of34,749 (2022 estimate).[3] Kakhovka has been underRussian occupation since February 2022.
It is home to theKZEZO (Electro-Welding Equipment Plant) and theTavria Games festival. Kakhovka gives its name to the Soviet-builtKakhovka Dam, which wasdestroyed in June 2023 during theRussian invasion of Ukraine, andthe reservoir that had until then flooded theGreat Meadow.
In 1972, theVerkhovna Rada of theUkrainian SSR gave the city the rank ofcity of oblast significance withinKherson Oblast. Until 18 July 2020, Kakhovka served as the administrative center of Kakhovka Raion though it did not belong to the raion. In July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kherson Oblast to five, the city of Kakhovka was merged into Kakhovka Raion. Simultaneously, the raion center was moved toNova Kakhovka.
Soon after theannexation of Crimea by the Russian Empire, in 1791 the Russian Colonel D.M. Kulikovsky built in place of former Crimean fortress the trade town of Kakhovka. It was named in honor of theTaurida Oblast governor Vasiliy Kakhovsky. In 1848 the town obtained city rights. In the 1870s–90s the town was renowned for having a huge population of low-income contractors (batraki). According toN.J. Tjezjakov, a Russian economist, between 20,000 and 40,000 batraki would gather in the city at the one time, 80% of them males.
In December 1918, by the decision of the administration of the Dnipropovit (uyezd), Kakhovka was declared a city. In August 1920, during the final push in theRussian Civil War to drive the Whites underWrangel out of the Crimea,Ieronim Uborevich established a bridgehead as part of theNorthern Taurida Operation at Kakhovka, which became the site of fierce battles, whichEvan Mawdsley described as "probably the closest the Civil War came to world war trench fighting."[4]
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DuringWorld War II, Kakhovka was captured by theWehrmacht on August 30, 1941, as part ofOperation Barbarossa. The Germans operated a Nazi prison in the town.[5] It was retaken by the 4th Ukrainian Front during theMelitopol Offensive in theBattle of the Dnieper on November 2, 1943.
The city was captured on 24 February 2022 by Russian troops during the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. They later pushed on toMykolaiv, searching for way to cross theSouthern Bug river.[6][7]
| Date | Portrait | Name | Party | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chairman of the executive committee of the City Council | ||||
| January 1989 - August 1994 | Anatoliy Korsun | |||
| Chairman of the City Council | ||||
| September 1994 - April 1998 | Viktor Semenovych Gashenko | |||
| Mayor | ||||
| April 1998 - November 1998 | Serhii Shkarupa | |||
| January 1999 - November 1999 (first deputy and acting) April 2006 | Leonid Marchuk | |||
| April 2006 - October 2015 | Oleksandr Petrovych Karasevych | |||
| November 6 2015 - October 26 2020 | Andrii Andriiovych Dyachenko | |||
| November 21, 2020 -incumbant (de jure) | Vitalii Anatoliiovych Nemerets | |||
| April 1 2022 | Pavlo Filipchuk [uk] | [8] |
Today, Kakhovka is one of the industrial centres of theKherson Oblast. The leader of industrial production is the Kakhovka Electric Welding Equipment Plant, a joint-stock company. Before theRussian occupation of the city in 2022, the plant produced modern electric welding equipment that was supplied to almost 80 countries, and on 24 December 2022, its premises were damaged by Russian mortar fire.
The industrial face of the city is also shaped by the Experimental Mechanical Plant, which specialises in the production of experimental machinery and equipment for the processing and food industries, the Silhospahrehat plant for the repair of diesel engines and the production of spare parts for agricultural machinery, and the flagship of the food industry, Chumak PrJSC.
The Kakhovka branch ofCargill is one of Ukraine's largest sunflower oil processing plants. In 2008-2009, Mykolaiv-based Sudnoservice built a powerful grain and oilseed storage facility in the city. The city ranks first in Ukraine in terms of foreign investment per capita.
In total, the city has more than 550 enterprises of various forms of ownership, including small businesses. This economic complex employs three quarters of the city's working population. In the total volume of production, works performed and services rendered, one fifth of the city's industrial enterprises, almost 60 per cent of small and medium-sized enterprises and businesses, about 10 per cent of service enterprises, more than 10 per cent of trade enterprises and more than 5 per cent of construction organisations contribute.
Small and medium-sized businesses are gaining ground in Kakhovka. It currently concentrates more than 60 per cent of its assets in working capital. This is three times more than large enterprises. Small and medium-sized businesses are developing dynamically, exploring the market space and creating jobs for the city's population.
Business structures annually attract over UAH 12 million and overUSD 2 million in foreign investments to develop production. Such enterprises as Petroplast, Metaldizayn, Stav, Paritet, Tornadoplast, Globart, May, Khimtekhnologiya, and OPENTEK are consistently supplying the market with products, increasing their output and expanding their product range, the latter of which was destroyed by Russian bombardment on 18 October 2023. The construction industry is represented by business structures and construction organisations. The most powerful of them are the joint-stock company Road Construction Department No. 12 and BudMayster LLC.
Distribution of the population by ethnic groups according to the2001 Ukrainian census:[9]
| percent | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukrainians | 82.10% | |||
| Russians | 15.12% | |||
| Belarusians | 0.68% | |||
| Gypsies | 0.51% | |||
| Moldovans | 0.24% | |||
| Bulgarians | 0.18% | |||
| Tatars | 0.17% | |||
| Poles | 0.14% | |||
| Armenians | 0.12% | |||
Native languages according to the2001 Ukrainian census:[10]
| percent | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukrainian | 73.9% | |||
| Russian | 25.3% | |||
| Others | 0.8% | |||
The M14E58Odesa-Melitopol-Novoazovsk motorway runs along the southern outskirts of the city.
The cargo and passenger railway station Kakhovka of the Kherson Railway Directorate is located near the town ofTavriysk.
There are 7 general secondary education institutions in the city (including two specialised ones with in-depth study of foreign languages) with almost 4,000 students.
More than 1,500 children are educated in eight pre-school institutions.
The out-of-school education system is represented by the Young Technicians' Station, the Young Naturalists' Station, the Children's Creativity Centre, the Children's and Youth Sports School and the Interschool Training and Production Complex.
Since 1969, the State Vocational Educational Institution "Kakhovka Vocational Lyceum of the Service Sector" has been operating in the city, training skilled workers in the professions of "Hairdresser", "Hairdresser-Makeup Artist", "Tailor", "Manicurist-Pedicurist". It ceased to exist in 2021.
The 1935 filmThree Friends (Три товарища) included the song "Kakhovka" (words byMikhail Svetlov and music byIsaak Dunayevsky), which became very well known, especially the refrain "Мы мирные люди, но наш бронепоезд/ Стоит на запасном пути" ("We are peaceful people, but our armored train/ Stands [ready] on the siding"). Svetlov chose the site of the little-known Civil War battle for his song because he had grown up nearby and had known the town during the war.[11]
The Tavria Games are a popular open air music festival that take place in the town each year.[12]
Kakhovka gives its name to the Soviet-builtKakhovka Dam, which wasdestroyed in June 2023, and theKakhovka Reservoir that had existed behind the dam.
Kakhovka also gives its name to:
Also,2894 Kakhovka is an asteroid named after the town.
