| Juxtastenopus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Family: | Stenopodidae |
| Genus: | Juxtastenopus Goy, 2010 |
| Species: | J. spinulatus |
| Binomial name | |
| Juxtastenopus spinulatus (Holthuis, 1946) | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Engystenopus spinulatusHolthuis, 1946 | |
Juxtastenopus spinulatus is aspecies ofstenopodidean shrimp. It lives in theRed Sea, and across theIndian Ocean as far east as thePhilippines. It is red or pink, up to 28 mm (1.1 in) long, with enlarged thirdpereiopods. Originally described in the genusEngystenopus, it is now placed in themonotypic genusJuxtastenopus, in the familyStenopodidae.
Juxtastenopus grows to a total body length of 17.4–28.0 millimetres (0.69–1.10 in) long (carapace length: 4.6–8.8 mm or 0.18–0.35 in).[2] In life, the animals are red or pinkish, but with white tips to thechelae (claws) on the enlarged third pereiopods (walking legs).[2] Females are reproductive at lengths around 6.1–7.6 mm (0.24–0.30 in), and carry between 27 and 132 eggs, each initially 0.30 mm × 0.49 mm (0.012 in × 0.019 in) in diameter.[2]
Most specimens ofJ. spinulatus have been collected from theRed Sea at depths of 434–778 metres (1,424–2,552 ft), where the water is warm.[2] That warm water mass drops to a depth of 1,000 m (3,300 ft) on passing through theBab-el-Mandeb strait into theGulf of Aden, andJ. spinulatus has also been collected at a depth of 1,068 m (3,504 ft) in the Gulf of Aden. It also occurs in theIndian Ocean, and as far east asHong Kong and thePhilippines, but occurs in much shallower water than in the Red Sea.[2]
The earliest discovered specimens ofJ. spinulatus were assigned byHeinrich Balss to the speciesStenopus spinosus.[2] Its first description as a separate species was thetype description byLipke Holthuis in 1946, where it was given the nameEngystenopus spinulatus. This was based on a single damagedholotype male, collected in the Lobetoli Strait, east ofFlores,Indonesia, and the placement in the genusEngystenopus was considered questionable.[2] The most distinctive characteristics ofEngystenopus are characters of the thirdpereiopod, which was lacking from all the early specimens. When specimens with intact third pereiopods became available, Joseph Goy realised that "E. spinulatus" did not belong in the same genus asE. palmipes (the only other species ofEngystenopus), and erected a new genus,Juxtastenopus, to hold it.[2] The two genera are now placed in different families, although both names carry the meaning "close toStenopus";[2]Engystenopus is one of seven extant genera in the familySpongicolidae, whileJuxtastenopus is one of four extant genera in the familyStenopodidae.[3]
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Data related toJuxtastenopus at Wikispecies