Extinct variety of the Piedmontese language in Italy
Judaeo-Piedmontese was the vernacular language of theItalian Jews living inPiedmont ,Italy , from about the 15th century untilWorld War II .It was based on thePiedmontese language , with many loanwords from ancientHebrew ,Provençal , andSpanish . Most of the speakers were murdered during the war, and as of 2015 it is virtually extinct.[ 2]
The dialect never had written phonetic rules; the words in this list are written according toAgostino della Sala Spada [it ] 's short satirical poemLa gran battaja d’j’abrei d’Moncalv The great battle of the Jews of Moncalvo ,La gran battaglia degli ebrei di Moncalvo Primo Levi 's bookThe Periodic Table
Pronunciation:
(kh) as in German "Nach t".
(ñ) nasal, as in English "sing "; not to be confused with the Spanishñ
(ô) as in English "loo m".
(u) like the Frenchu or the Germanü .
(sc) like the Englishsh .
(j) as in German "J ung" or in English "y oung".
(a)brakhà Adonai Eloénô bahalòm barakhùt - blessed barôcabà - Welcome! (literally: Blessed be he who comes!) batacaìn - cemetery beemà - beast berìt - pact, penis (vulgar) Cadòss Barôkhù - God cassèr - community, ghetto ganàv - thief ganavé - to steal ghescér - bridge gôì - non-Jewish man gôià - non-Jewish woman gojìm - non-Jewish people hafassìm - jewels (lit. "stuff") hamòr - donkey hamortà - stupid woman (lit. female of donkey) hasìr - pig hasirùd - rubbish havertà - rough and dissolute woman khakhàm - rabbi (lit. "learned one") khalaviòd - breasts (from Hebrew "halav", milk) khaltrùm - Catholic bigotry khamisà - five khamissidò - slap khanéc- neck (pregnant with meaning, used to swear) khaniké - to hang (kill) khèder - room kinìm - lice lakhtì - (exclamation) go away! Lassòn Acòdesh - Sacred Language macòd - blows maftèkh - key mahané - neck (generic and neutral) mamsér - bastard mañòd - money medà meshônà - accident (lit. "strange death") menaghèm / meraghèl - spy Milca - Queen morénô - rabbi (lit. "our master") nainé - to look at ñarél - non-circumcised nero - evil, bad, terrible pakhàt - fear pegartà - dead woman pôñaltà - dirty, shabbily-clothed woman pôñèl - dirty, shabbily-clothed man rabbenù - rabbi rashàn- non-pious rôkhòd- winds ruàkh - wind samdé - to baptize (lit. "destroy") sarfatìm - guards saròd - disgraced scòla - synagogue, temple sefòkh- toddler vomit sôrada - appearance, look sôtià - crazy woman tafùs - prison, jail (it is a Hebrew loanword in Piedmontese jargon.Ca tafus meaning "jail", fromca house, although the piedmontese word ispërzon ) takhôrìm - haemorroids tanhanè - to argue
Historical linguistic minorities :
Albanian ,
Catalan ,
Croatian ,
French ,
Franco-Provençal ,
Friulian ,
German ,
Greek ,
Ladin ,
Occitan ,
Romani ,
Sardinian ,
Slovene
^ Venetian is either grouped with the rest of the Italo-Dalmatian or the Gallo-Italic languages, depending on the linguist, but the major consensus among linguists is that in the dialectal landscape of northern Italy, Veneto dialects are clearly distinguished from Gallo-Italic dialects.
