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His Eminence Juan Landázuri Ricketts | |
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| Cardinal,Archbishop Emeritus of Lima | |
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| Archdiocese | Lima |
| Appointed | 2 May 1955 |
| Term ended | 30 December 1989 |
| Predecessor | Juan Gualberto Guevara y de la Cuba |
| Successor | Augusto Vargas Alzamora |
| Other post | Cardinal Priest of Santa Maria in Ara Coeli |
| Previous posts |
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| Orders | |
| Ordination | 16 April 1939 by Francisco Miguel Irazola y Galarza |
| Consecration | 24 August 1952 by Juan Gualberto Guevara y de la Cuba |
| Created cardinal | 19 March 1962 byJohn XXIII |
| Rank | Cardinal-Priest |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1913-12-19)19 December 1913 |
| Died | 16 January 1997(1997-01-16) (aged 83) Lima, Peru |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Motto | ambulante in dilectione |
| Coat of arms |  |
| Styles of Juan Landázuri Ricketts | |
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| Reference style | His Eminence |
| Spoken style | Your Eminence |
| Informal style | Cardinal |
| See | Lima |
Juan Landázuri Ricketts, OFM (bornGuillermo Eduardo Landázuri Ricketts; December 19, 1913 – January 16, 1997) wasPeruvian Catholic prelate who served asArchbishop of Lima from 1955 to 1989. He was one of the most prominentCatholic bishops during the 1960s and 1970s inLatin America. He was a member of theOrder of Friars Minor.
This was a period in which the Church took a strong stance against human rights abuses by numerousmilitaryjuntas; it also expressed a preference for the poor and concerns aboutextreme poverty and wealth inequality. Before he turned 80 on December 19, 1993, Juan Landázuri Ricketts was the lastcardinal elevated byPope John XXIII to retain voting rights in a papalconclave.
Born as Guillermo Eduardo Landázuri Ricketts in 1913 inArequipa,Peru, he was educated in Catholic schools. He joined theOrder of Friars Minor in 1937 (taking the name Juan) and became a priest two years later. His ability as a priest was immediately noticed, and he was appointed as secretary to the general delegation of his order as early as 1943. After finishing his theological studies in 1949, Landázuri Ricketts served briefly a faculty member of the Franciscan Theological Seminary inPuerto Ocopa. His status within the wider Church was rising rapidly, and he was selected as the general definitor of the Order of Friars Minor by 1951.
The following year, Landázuri Ricketts was appointedtitular bishop of Roina and was chosen in 1955 to replace the deceasedJuan Gualberto Guevara as Archbishop of Lima. His appointment coincided with a radically modernising military dictatorship underManuel Odria. Efforts at such reform were repeated until 1980. As Archbishop, he collaborated with these efforts for sweeping agricultural and institutional reforms to take Peru into the modern world and develop its great economic potential. He believed that these would improve social conditions in the country. By 1962 he had been selected as Primate of Peru and was made a Cardinal-Priest ofSanta Maria in Aracoeli byPope John XXIII in June 1962.
He made great efforts, aided by theJesuits in Peru, to consolidate the vastarchives of the Lima Archdiocese. These had accumulated since Spanish colonisation of Latin America and were invaluable sources of the history of the region.
In the following period Landázuri Ricketts led during a period when priests rapidly developedliberation theology and a theory of resistance to the military dictatorship underRicardo Perez Godoy who ruled Peru. Landázuri Ricketts responded to this with considerable support, also trying to ensure that the laity and nuns had considerable say in local decision-making. He became a major participant as Acting President in the 1968Medellin Conference. He was regularly elected as the leader of local episcopal conference almost without opposition until he reached the age of 75 in 1988.
During this period, in accordance with hisFranciscan ideals, Landázuri Ricketts left the Archbishop's palace and moved into a small house in a working-class area of Lima. Although he served on thePontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue during the 1970s, his relationship with the Vatican soured after the ascension ofJohn Paul II. That pope believed thatliberation theology posed problems for Catholicism and was too involved in opposition to temporal political systems. Despite being an extremely respected prelate, Landázuri Ricketts had to accept more conservativeOpus Dei bishops and sympathisers being appointed in Peru during the 1980s and 1990s.[citation needed]
Due to his advancing age, he resigned his role as head of the South American Bishops' conference in 1989. He retired from the see in 1990 and was succeeded byAugusto Vargas Alzamora.
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