Josiah O. Wolcott
Chancellor of theDelaware Court of Chancery
In office July 2, 1921 – November 11, 1938
Preceded by	Charles M. Curtis
Succeeded by	W. W. Harrington
United States Senator fromDelaware
In office March 4, 1917 – July 2, 1921
Preceded by	Henry A. du Pont
Succeeded by	T. Coleman du Pont
Attorney General of Delaware
In office January 1913 – January 1917
Governor	Charles R. Miller
Preceded by	Andrew C. Gray
Succeeded by	David J. Reinhardt
Personal details
Born	Josiah Oliver Wolcott (1877-10-31)October 31, 1877 Dover, Delaware, U.S.
Died	November 11, 1938(1938-11-11) (aged 61) Dover, Delaware, U.S.
Political party	Democratic
Residence(s)	Dover, Delaware, U.S.
Education	Wesleyan University (PhB)[1]

Josiah Oliver Wolcott (October 31, 1877 – November 11, 1938) was an Americanlawyer,politician and judge, from Dover, inKent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic Party, who served as Attorney General of Delaware, U.S. Senator from Delaware, and Chancellor of Delaware.

Wolcott was born inDover, Delaware, attended the Wilmington Conference Academy, nowWesley College, at Dover, and graduated fromWesleyan University inMiddletown, Connecticut. He was admitted to the Delaware Bar in 1904 and began the practice of law at Wilmington, Delaware.

Wolcott was Deputy Delaware Attorney General from 1909 until 1913, electedDelaware Attorney General in 1912 and served from January 21, 1913, until January 16, 1917.

In the first popular election of a U.S. Senator in Delaware, he was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1916, defeating incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Henry A. du Pont. During this term, Wolcott served with the Democratic majority in the 65th Congress, but was in the minority in the 66th and 67th Congress. In the 65th Congress he was Chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Commerce. Between 1918 and 1919, he served on theOverman Committee, investigating seditious German and Bolshevik activities. In all, he served from March 4, 1917, to July 2, 1921, during the administrations of U.S. presidentsWoodrow Wilson andWarren G. Harding.

Wolcott was the senate sponsor of legislation to create a federal charter for theAmerican Legion. The House co-sponsor was Rep.Royal Johnson of South Dakota. The bill was filed on June 27, 1919, passed the House on August 27, passed the Senate on September 5 and was signed by President Wilson on September 16, 1919.^[2]

On July 2, 1921, Wolcott resigned from the U.S. Senate to accept a surprising appointment from Republican Governor William D. Denney to becomeChancellor of theDelaware Court of Chancery. The appointment came to be known as the "deal" or the "dirty deal", and many suspected T. Coleman du Pont organized it in order to gain the U.S. Senate seat for himself and the Republican Party. Wolcott served as Chancellor for the remainder of his life.

Wolcott died at Dover and is buried there in the Lakeside Methodist Episcopal Cemetery.

According to Henry R. Horsey and William Duffy in their article on the Delaware Court system, Wolcott distinguished himself as Chancellor and they continued: Chancellery "Judge Pearson later recalled the spartan 'office' of Chancellor Wolcott, consisting of a small desk and gooseneck lamp, in the stacks of the State Law Library in Dover. There Wolcott worked without a secretary, writing his opinions in longhand. Pearson attributed Wolcott's conduct to his determination to ask for nothing. It was during Wolcott's tenure that Delaware's Court of Chancery gained the high regard and respect of lawyers and corporate boards throughout the country. It was Wolcott's judicial wisdom and judgment that first attracted lawyers and litigants from around the nation to Delaware as a preferred forum for litigation."

Every year, five students in their final year atDelaware Law School earn the Josiah Oliver Wolcott Fellowship. Wolcott fellows work as judicial law clerks for theSupreme Court of Delaware.

Elections are held the first Tuesday after November 1. U.S. Senators are popularly elected and took office March 4 for a six-year term.

• Carter, Richard B. (2001).Clearing New Ground, The Life of John G. Townsend, Jr. Wilmington, Delaware: The Delaware Heritage Press.ISBN 0-924117-20-6.
• Hoffecker, Carol E. (2004).Democracy in Delaware. Wilmington, Delaware: Cedar Tree Books.ISBN 1-892142-23-6.
• Munroe, John A. (1993).History of Delaware. Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Press.ISBN 0-87413-493-5.

• Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

Wikimedia Commons has media related toJosiah Oliver Wolcott.

• Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Delaware’s Members of Congress
• Josiah O. Wolcott atFind a Grave
• The Political Graveyard
• The Supreme Court of Delaware until 1951

• 1877 births
• 1938 deaths
• American anti-communists
• Methodists from Delaware
• People from Dover, Delaware
• Wesleyan University alumni
• Delaware lawyers
• Delaware attorneys general
• Delaware Democrats
• Democratic Party United States senators from Delaware
• Burials in Dover, Delaware
• Chancellors of Delaware
• Wesley College (Delaware) alumni
• 19th-century American lawyers
• 20th-century American lawyers
• 20th-century United States senators

• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Use mdy dates from July 2024
• Commons category link is on Wikidata