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Joseph-Louis Duc (French pronunciation:[ʒozɛflwidyk]; 25 October 1802 – 22 January 1879) was a French architect. Duc came to prominence early, with his very well received work at theJuly Column in Paris, and spent much of the rest of his career on a single building complex, thePalais de Justice.
Born in Paris, Duc was educated at theÉcole nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where he was a student ofPercier.[1] Duc took thePrix de Rome in 1825 for a design of a proposed Paris City Hall. During his three-year stay at theVilla de Medici in Rome his associates there includedFélix Duban,Henri Labrouste andLéon Vaudoyer.
Upon his return from Rome Duc's first significant commission was the decoration for theJuly Column, built from 1831 to 1840. Appointed as assistant toJean-Antoine Alavoine, Duc took over the entire project on Alavoine's death in 1834. The foundation of the column is Alavoine's work; the column itself is acknowledged as solely Duc's work.[2]
Immediately after the dedication of the July Column in mid-1840, Duc was awarded the position of architect for thePalais de Justice by the respectedAntoine Vaudoyer, member of theInstitut de France and father of Duc's friend, Léon. With the appointment Duc simultaneously was made a Knight of theLegion of Honor. Duc would spend his remaining thirty-nine years renovating and extending the Palais de Justice, for instance designing theCour de Cassation. Almost completed at the time of theParis Commune, the complex was burned on 24 May 1871 and partially destroyed.
Duc's other commissions, though rare, include the 1862 chapel of the small college Louis-le-Grand, now the Lycée Michelet, inVanves.
Duc received theRoyal Gold Medal from theRoyal Institute of British Architects in 1876, was elevated to Commander of theLegion of Honor,[2] and was elected to theAcadémie des beaux-arts in 1879. He is buried atMontmartre Cemetery.
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